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2025 Legislation on A.I. in Elections and Campaigns
2025 Legislation on A.I. in Elections and Campaigns

State

Bill

Title

Summary

Status

Alaska

AK S 2

Deepfake Disclosure

Relates to the disclosure of election related deepfakes; relates to use of artificial intelligence by State agencies; relates to the transfer of data about individuals between State agencies.

Pending

Alaska

AK S 33

Synthetic Media Liability

Relates to defamation claims based on the use of synthetic media; relates to the use of synthetic media in electioneering communications.

Pending

Alaska

AK S 64

Elections

Relates to elections; relates to voters; relates to voting; relates to voter registration; relates to election administration; relates to the Alaska Public Offices Commission; relates to campaign contributions; relates to the crimes of unlawful interference with voting in the first degree, unlawful interference with an election, and election official misconduct; relates to synthetic media in electioneering communications; relates to campaign signs; relates to voter registration on permanent fund dividend.

Pending

Arkansas

AR H 1041

Deceptive and Fraudulent Deepfakes in Elections

Prohibits deceptive and fraudulent deepfakes in election communications; provides for a cause of action and civil penalties for the use of deceptive and fraudulent deepfakes and for other purposes; provides that a person may, within ninety days of an election in which a candidate for an elected office will appear on the ballot, distribute synthetic media that the person knows or should know is a deceptive and fraudulent deepfake of a candidate or party on the state or local ballot if the synthetic media.

Failed

Arkansas

AR H 1141

Criminal Offenses

Creates criminal offenses related to deceptive and injurious media in the course of election campaigns; provides that it shall be unlawful for a person to purposely injure a candidate for office in the State by creating or causing to be created a deep fake and publishing, distributing, or causing to be published or distributed the deep fake a specified number of days before the date of the general election and on the date of the general election with the knowledge that the communication was a deep fake.

Failed

Colorado

CO S 288

Intimate Digital Depictions Criminal Civil Actions

Concerns preventing certain disclosures of intimate depictions; creates a cause of action for nonconsensual disclosure of an intimate digital depiction and adding and amending related provisions in criminal law; creates a cause of action against a person who discloses or threatens to disclose a realistic visual depiction of another individual that has been created, altered, or produced by generative AI, image editing software, or computer-generated means.

To Governor

Conneticut

CT H 6846

Artificial Intelligence Deceptive Synthetic Media

Concerns artificial intelligence, deceptive synthetic media and elections; prohibits distribution of certain deceptive synthetic media within the ninety-day period preceding an election or primary.

Pending

Florida

FL S 7026

Information Technology

Creates the Agency for State Systems and Enterprise Technology; requires that the Division of Elections comprehensive risk assessment comply with the risk assessment methodology developed by asset; requires agencies and the judicial branch to include a cumulative inventory and a certain status report of specified projects with their legislative budget requests; revises the powers, duties, and functions of the Department of Management Services, through the State Digital Service.

Failed

Georgia

GA S 9

Election Interference

Establishes the criminal offenses of fraudulent election interference and solicitation of such; provides for exceptions; provides for the Attorney General to have concurrent jurisdiction over such crimes; provides for punishment; provides for injunctive relief; provides for the State Election Board to publish results of investigations into such offenses; provides for certain disclaimers on campaign advertisements that use AI generated media; provide for the form of such disclaimers.

Pending - Carryover

Idaho

ID H 308

Campaign Finance

Amends, repeals, and adds to existing law to provide for campaign finance transparency.

Failed - Adjourned

Idaho

ID H 308

Campaign Finance

Amends, repeals, and adds to existing law to provide for campaign finance transparency.

Failed - Adjourned

Idaho

ID H 399

Campaign Finance

Amends, repeals, and adds to existing law to provide for campaign finance transparency.

Failed - Adjourned

Illinois

IL H 1860

Election Code

Amends the Election Code; provides that a person shall not distribute, or enter into an agreement with another person to distribute, materially deceptive media if: the person knows the media falsely represents a depicted individual; the distribution occurs within 90 days before an election; the person intends the distribution to harm the reputation or electoral prospects of a candidate in an election or otherwise deceive voters; the person intends the distribution to change the voting behavior.

Pending

Illinois

IL H 3303

Election Code

Amends the Election Code; provides that a person shall not distribute, or enter into an agreement with another person to distribute, materially deceptive media if the person knows the media falsely represents a depicted individual; the distribution occurs within a specified days before an election; the person intends the distribution to harm the reputation or electoral prospects of a candidate in an election and the distribution is reasonably likely to cause that result.

Pending

Illinois

IL S 150

Election Code and AI Advert Disclosure

Amends the Election Code; provides that, if a person, committee, or other entity; creates, originally publishes, or originally distributes a qualified political advertisement, the qualified political advertisement; includes in a clear and conspicuous manner, a statement that the qualified political advertisement; generates in whole or substantially by artificial intelligence; satisfies specified requirements; provides for civil penalties and exceptions to the provision.

Pending

Kentucky

KY H 672

Protection of Information

Defines terms relating to artificial intelligence; requires the Commonwealth Office of Technology to establishes and implement policy standards for the use of artificial intelligence; creates the Artificial intelligence Governance Committee; relates to tasks the committee with the establishment of responsible, ethical, and transparent procedures for the allowable use, development, and approval of artificial intelligence for any department, program, cabinet, agency, and administrative body.

Failed - Adjourned

Kentucky

KY S 4

Protection of Information

Defines terms relating to artificial intelligence; provides that a department, agency, or administrative body shall disclose to the public, through a clear and conspicuous disclaimer, when generative artificial intelligence, artificial intelligence systems, or other artificial intelligence-related capabilities are used, among other things, to render any decision regarding individual citizens or businesses within the state.

Enacted

Massachusetts

MA H 76

Materially Deceptive Election Related Communications

Relates to materially deceptive election-related communications.

Pending

Massachusetts

MA H 846

Synthetic Media in Political Advertising

Relates to disclosure requirements for synthetic media in political advertising.

Pending

Massachusetts

MA S 44

Election Communications

Relates to deceptive and fraudulent deepfakes in election communications.

Pending

Maryland

MD H 525

Fraudulent Vote Influencing

Prohibits a person from using fraud; influences or attempts to influence a voter's voting decision; provides that fraud; includes the use of synthetic media; defines synthetic media as an image, an audio recording, or a video recording that has been intentionally created or manipulated with the use of generative artificial intelligence or other digital technology; creates a realistic but false image, audio recording, or video recording.

Failed - Adjourned

Maryland

MD H 740

Campaign Materials Synthetic Media Usage Disclosure

Requires that candidates, campaign finance entities, and specified other persons, or agents of candidates, campaign finance entities, or specified other persons, that publish, distribute, or disseminate, or cause to be published, distributed, or disseminated, to another person in the state campaign materials that use or contain synthetic media include a specified disclosure in a specified manner; defines synthetic media as an image, an audio recording, or a video recording.

Failed - Adjourned

Maryland

MD H 983

Language Assistance Program

Establishes the Language Assistance Program; requires a local board of elections to participate in the Program if the State Board determines that there is a significant need for language assistance to voters in the county in a language other than English; requires the State Board to designate, not later than a certain date, certain languages other than English in which a local board that is required to participate in the Program must provide assistance to voters.

Enacted

Maryland

MD S 361

Fraudulent Vote Influencing

Prohibits a person from using fraud; influences or attempts to influence a voter's voting decision; provides that fraud; includes the use of synthetic media.

Failed - Adjourned

Maryland

MD S 685

Local Boards of Elections Language Assistance Program

Establishes the Language Assistance Program; requires a local board of elections to participate in the Program if the State Board determines that there is a significant need for language assistance to voters in the county in a language other than English; requires the State Board to designate, not later than a certain date, certain languages other than English in which a local board that is required to participate in the Program must provide assistance to voters.

Enacted

Maine

ME H 1125

Artificial Intelligence in Campaign Advertising

Regards to artificial intelligence in campaign advertising.

Pending

Missouri

MO H 362

Disclosure of Intimate Digital Depictions

Creates the offense of and civil penalties for disclosure of intimate digital depictions.

Pending

Missouri

MO H 673

AI Disclosure for Political Ads

Requires political ads produced using AI to have a disclosure and creates a penalty for failure to disclose the use of AI.

Pending

Missouri

MO S 509

Artificial Intelligence in Elections Provisions

Creates new provisions relating to the use of artificial intelligence in elections.

Pending

Mississippi

MS S 2642

AI Use in Political Advertisements

Amends Section 23-15-897, Mississippi Code of 1972, to require qualified political advertisements that utilize artificial intelligence to disclose the use of artificial intelligence to the public; defines what is considered a qualified political advertisement and artificial intelligence as used in this section; clarifies what information must be present in an advertisement to satisfy the disclosure requirement.

Failed

Montana

MT S 25

Use Of Deepfakes In Election Communications

Regulates the use of deepfakes in election communications and electioneering communications; provides definitions; provides exceptions; provides for injunctive relief, actual damages, and punitive damages; provides for the filing of a complaint with the commissioner of political practices; provides penalties.

Enacted

North Carolina

NC H 375

Artificial Intelligence

Regulates the use of deepfakes and deceptive advertisements in elections and protect minors and the general public from misuse of artificial intelligence and synthetic media.

Pending

North Carolina

NC H 934

Artificial Intelligence Regulatory Reform Act

Amends the criminal laws creates the offense of unlawful distribution of a deepfake; amends the civil procedure laws to grant immunity from civil liability to developers of artificial intelligence products used by learned professionals.

Pending

North Dakota

ND H 1167

Artificial Intelligence Disclosure Statements

Provides that any action taken for a political purpose, including communication and advertising in support of or opposition to a candidate, political committee, or a political party, or for the purpose of promoting passage or defeat of initiated or referred measures or petitions, containing images, graphics, videos, audio, text, or digital content created in whole or in part with the use of artificial intelligence to visually or audibly impersonate a human, prominently must state the specified disclaimer.

Enacted

Nebraska

NE L 615

Political Accountability and Disclosure Act

Prohibits distributing deepfakes under the Nebraska Political Accountability and Disclosure Act.

Pending

New Hampshire

NH H 630

Deepfake Materials of Political Candidates

Prevents the dissemination of deepfake materials of political candidates; provides that, with certain exceptions, a person, corporation, committee, or other entity shall not, within a specified number of days of an election at which a candidate for elective office will appear on the ballot, distribute a deepfake created using synthetic media technology that the person, corporation, committee or other entity knows or should have known is a deepfake of a candidate, election official, or party on the ballot.

Failed

New Jersey

NJ S 2544

Deceptive Audio or Visual Media

Establishes criminal penalties for production or dissemination of deceptive audio or visual media, commonly known as deepfakes; clarifies certain free speech exceptions applicable to interactive computer service providers, cloud services providers, commercial developers or providers of artificial intelligence technology, advertisers, the news media, and other media companies.

Pending

New Mexico

NM S 85

Campaign Finance Changes

Relates to campaign finance changes.

Failed - Adjourned

Nevada

NV A 271

Elections

Revises provisions relating to elections.

Failed

New York

NY A 6491

Creation and Dissemination of Synthetic Media

Prohibits the creation and dissemination of synthetic media within a specified number of days of an election with intent to unduly influence the outcome of an election; makes such act a class E felony.

Pending

New York

NY S 2414

Political Artificial Intelligence Disclaimer Act

Enacts the "Political Artificial Intelligence Disclaimer (PAID) act"; requires political communications that use synthetic media to disclose that they were created with the assistance of artificial intelligence; requires committees that use synthetic media to maintain records of such usage.

Pending

Ohio

OH H 185

Unauthorized Use of Individuals Persona

Makes changes to the law relating to the unauthorized use of an individual's persona and prohibits certain unauthorized deepfake recordings.

Pending

Oklahoma

OK S 894

Artificial Intelligence

Relates to artificial intelligence; defines terms; prohibits distribution of certain media within certain time period; requires certain disclosures; establishes requirements for certain disclosures; authorizes action for certain relief or award of damages; authorizes award for certain costs and fees; establishes certain civil penalties; provides exceptions to applicability of provisions; provides for codification; provides an effective date.

Pending

Pennsylvania

PA H 811

Fraudulent Misrepresentation of Candidates

Provides for civil liability for fraudulent misrepresentation of candidates; imposes penalties.

Pending

Rhode Island

RI H 5872

Regulate the Use of Synthetic Media in Elections

Creates the deceptive and fraudulent synthetic media in election communications chapter to regulate the use of synthetic media in elections; prohibits a candidate, authorized candidate campaign committee, political action committee, political party committee, or person or entity making an independent expenditure, within specified number of days, to know or should know is deceptive and fraudulent synthetic media.

Pending

Rhode Island

RI S 816

Deceptive and Fraudulent Synthetic Media in Elections

Creates the deceptive and fraudulent synthetic media in election communications chapter to regulate the use of synthetic media in elections.

Pending

South Carolina

SC H 3517

Deepfake Media Distribution

Prohibits the distribution of deceptive and fraudulent deepfake media of a candidate within ninety days of an election unless the media includes requisite disclosure language; authorizes a candidate whose likeness is depicted in media distributed in violation of this section to seek injunctive or other equitable relief as well as an action for damages against the distributor of the media.

Pending

South Dakota

SD S 164

Deepfake to Influence an Election

Prohibits the use of a deepfake to influence an election and provides a penalty therefor; provides that no person, with the intent to injure a candidate, may disseminate a deepfake or enter into a contract or other agreement to disseminate a deepfake, within a specified number of days of an election, if the person knows or reasonably should know the item being disseminated is a deepfake and does not include with the deepfake the specified disclosure; provides that a violation is a Class 1 misdemeanor.

Enacted

Tennessee

TN H 1299

Criminal Offenses

Creates a civil and criminal action for individuals who are the subject of an intimate digital depiction that is disclosed without the individual's consent under certain circumstances.

Pending

Tennessee

TN S 1346

Preventing Deepfake Images Act

Relates to the unauthorized use of a deepfake or an actual likeness; provides that an individual who is the subject of an intimate digital depiction that is intentionally disclosed without the consent of the individual, where such disclosure was made by a person who knows that, or recklessly disregards whether, the individual has not consented to such disclosure, may bring a civil action against that person; provides for damages and injunctions; provides that certain unauthorized depictions are felonies.

Enacted

Texas

TX H 366

Required Disclosures on Certain Political Advertising

Relates to required disclosures on certain political advertising that contains altered media; creates a criminal offense.

Pending

Texas

TX H 556

Artificially Generated Media

Relates to a criminal offense for the creation or distribution of certain artificially generated media with the intent to influence the outcome of an election.

Pending

Virginia

VA H 2479

Elections

Relates to elections; relates to political campaign advertisements; relates to synthetic media; relates to penalty; provides that it is unlawful for any committee organized or any person to sponsor an electioneering communication that contains synthetic media.

Vetoed

Virginia

VA S 775

Political Campaign Advertisements

Relates to elections; relates to election offenses; defines synthetic media as images or audio recordings of real events relating to an identifiable individual that have been intentionally altered in a manner that would cause a reasonable person to mistakenly believe that the manipulated image or audio is a recording of a real event and to have a fundamentally different understanding or impression of the expressive content of the image or audio than that person would have.

Vetoed

Vermont

VT S 23

Use of Synthetic Media in Elections

Relates to the use of synthetic media in elections.

Pending

West Virginia

WV S 484

Synthetic Media and Artificial Intelligence

Relates to disclosures and penalties associated with the use of synthetic media and artificial intelligence; relates to political programming or campaign advertising.

Failed - Adjourned

2024 Legislation on A.I. in Elections and Campaigns
2024 Legislation on A.I. in Elections and Campaigns
State Bill Title Summary Status

Alaska

AK H 129

Voter Registration

Relates to voter registration; relates to candidate legal funds; relates to voting; relates to special needs voting; relates to absentee voting; relates to defamation claims based on the use of synthetic media; relates to the use of synthetic media in electioneering communications.

Failed - Adjourned

Alaska

AK H 358

Artificial Intelligence Usage

Relates to use of artificial intelligence to create or alter a representation of the voice or likeness of an individual.

Failed - Adjourned

Alaska

AK S 177

Artificial Intelligence

Relates to artificial intelligence.

Failed - Adjourned

Alabama

AL H 172

Distribution of Materially Deceptive Media

Relates to elections; provides that the distribution of materially deceptive media in an attempt to influence an upcoming election is a crime; authorizes certain parties to seek permanent injunctive relief against anyone who distributes materially deceptive media in an attempt to influence an upcoming election; provides definitions.

Enacted

Arizona

AZ H 2394

Candidates and Digital Impersonation

Provides that a candidate for public office who will appear on the ballot in the State or any citizen of the State may bring an action for digital impersonation within a specified number of years after the date that the person knows, or in the exercise of reasonable diligence should know, that a digital impersonation of that person was published; provides that the sole remedy on this cause of action is preliminary and permanent declaratory relief, with certain exceptions.

Enacted

Arizona

AZ S 1359

Election Communications and Deep Fakes and Prohibition

Provides that within ninety days before an election at which a candidate for elected office will appear on the ballot, a person who acts as a creator shall not create and distribute a synthetic media message that the person knows is a deceptive and fraudulent deepfake of that candidate that is on that ballot unless the synthetic media message includes a clear and conspicuous disclosure that conveys to a reasonable person that the media includes content generated by artificial intelligence.

Enacted

Arizona

AZ S 1515

Election Communications and Prohibition

Relates to election communications; relates to prohibition; relates to deep fakes.

Failed - Adjourned

California

CA A 2355

Political Reform Act of 1974: Political Advertisements

Requires a committee that creates, originally publishes, or originally distributes a qualified political advertisement to include in the advertisement a specified disclosure that the advertisement was generated or substantially altered using artificial intelligence. Specifies that any image, audio, video, or other media is generated or substantially altered using artificial intelligence if it is entirely created using artificial intelligence and would falsely appear to a reasonable person to be authentic.

Pending

California

CA A 2655

Defending Democracy from Deepfake Deception Act of 2024

Provides for the Defending Democracy from Deepfake Deception Act of 2024. Requires a large online platform to block the posting of materially deceptive content related to elections, during specified periods before and after an election. Authorizes candidates for elected office, elected officials, elections officials, the Attorney General, and a district attorney or city attorney to seek injunctive relief against a large online platform for noncompliance.

Pending

California

CA A 2839

Elections: Deceptive Media in Advertisements

Prohibits a person, committee, or other entity from knowingly distributing an advertisement or other election communication that contains certain materially deceptive content with malice. Authorizes a recipient of materially deceptive content, candidate or committee participating in the election, or elections official to file a civil action to enjoin the distribution of the media and to seek damages against the person, committee, or other entity that distributed it.

Pending

Colorado

CO H 1147

Candidate Election Deepfake Disclosures

Concerns the use of a deepfake in a communication related to a candidate for elective office, and, in connection therewith, requiring disclosure, providing for enforcement, and creating a private cause of action for candidates.

Enacted

Connecticut

CT H 5450

Artificial Intelligence Deceptive Synthetic Media

Concerns artificial intelligence, deceptive synthetic media and elections; provides that no person shall distribute, or enter into any agreement to distribute, a communication containing any image, audio or video of an individual during the ninety-day period preceding any election or primary if such person knows or should reasonably know that such image, audio or video is deceptive synthetic media, the communication containing such deceptive synthetic media is distributed without the consent.

Failed - Adjourned

District of Columbia

DC B 832

Deepfake Political Advertising Regulation

Requires that all candidates, political action committees, political committees, independent expenditure committees and other certain entities that publish, distribute, disseminate, or cause to be published, distributed, or disseminated, to another person in the District, certain campaign materials or political communications that use or contain artificial media created or produced using generative artificial intelligence include a certain disclosure in a certain manner.

Pending

Delaware

DE H 316

Deep Fakes in Elections

Relates to deep fakes in elections; provides that, with certain exceptions, it is unlawful for a person to distribute a deep fake or enter into a contract or other agreement to distribute a deep fake if the person knows or reasonably should know that the item being distributed is a deep fake and specified elements are present, including but not limited to when the distribution takes place within a specified number of days before an election.

To Governor

Florida

FL H 919

Artificial Intelligence Use in Political Advertising

Requires certain political advertisements, electioneering communications, or other miscellaneous advertisements to include a specified disclaimer; specifies requirements for the disclaimer; provides for criminal and civil penalties; authorizes any person to file certain complaints; provides for expedited hearings.

Enacted

Florida

FL S 850

Use of Artificial Intelligence in Political Advertising

Defines the term generative artificial intelligence; requires that certain political advertisements, electioneering communications, or other miscellaneous advertisements include a specified disclaimer; provides for civil penalties; authorizes the filing of complaints regarding violations with the Florida Elections Commission.

Failed

Georgia

GA H 986

Elections and Primaries

Establishes the criminal offenses of fraudulent election interference and solicitation of such; provides for the Attorney General to have concurrent jurisdiction over such crimes; provides for injunctive relief; requires the State Election Board to publish results of investigations into such offenses; provides that any person may use artificial intelligence generated content in any campaign advertisement, so long as the campaign advertisement discloses specified information.

Failed - Adjourned

Hawaii

HI H 1734

Campaign Advertisements

(House Minority Caucus Bill Package) Requires any campaign advertisement that contains any image, video footage, or audio recording that is created with the use of generative artificial intelligence to include a disclosure statement regarding the use of that technology; subjects violators to administrative fines.

Failed - Adjourned

Hawaii

HI H 1766

Electioneering Communications

Prohibits the distribution of advertisements before an election that a person knows or should have known are deceptive and fraudulent deepfakes of a candidate; provides that, with certain exceptions, no person shall, within a specified number of days before a primary or general election, distribute a synthetic media message in an advertisement that the person knows or should have known is a deceptive and fraudulent deepfake of a candidate; provides for a cause of action.

Failed - Adjourned

Hawaii

HI S 2396

Electioneering Communications

Prohibits the distribution of electioneering communications before an election that a person knows or should have known are deceptive and fraudulent deepfakes of a candidate or party.

Failed - Adjourned

Hawaii

HI S 2687

Deceptive Media

Provides that no person, with certain exceptions, shall recklessly distribute, or enter into an agreement with another person to distribute, between the first working day of February in every even-numbered year through the next general election, materially deceptive media in reckless disregard of the risk of harming the reputation or electoral prospects of a candidate in an election or changing the voting behavior of voters in an election; establishes criminal penalties and remedies for injured parties.

Enacted

Iowa

IA H 2499

Publication of Synthetic Media Concerning an Election

Relates to the publication of synthetic media concerning an election, and provides penalties.

Failed - Adjourned

Iowa

IA H 2549

Conduct of Elections

Relates to the conduct of elections, including the use of artificial intelligence and deceptive statements, and provides penalties.

Failed - Adjourned

Iowa

IA HSB 599

Conduct of Elections

Relates to the conduct of elections, including the use of artificial intelligence and deceptive statements, and provides penalties.

Failed - Adjourned

Iowa

IA S 2318

Publication of Synthetic Media Concerning an Election

Relates to the publication of synthetic media concerning an election, and provides penalties.

Failed - Adjourned

Idaho

ID H 407

Freedom From A.i.-Rigged Elections Act

Adds to existing law to provide for relief prohibiting the publication of synthetic media in electioneering communications, to establish provisions regarding an action prohibiting the publication of synthetic media in electioneering communications, and to provide exceptions.

Failed - Adjourned

Idaho

ID H 426

Freedom From Ai-Rigged Elections Act

Adds to existing law to provide for relief prohibiting the publication of synthetic media in electioneering communications, to establish provisions regarding an action prohibiting the publication of synthetic media in electioneering communications, and to provide exceptions.

Failed - Adjourned

Idaho

ID H 565

Electioneering Communications

Adds to and amends existing law to revise the definition of electioneering to provide for relief and prohibiting the publication of synthetic media in electioneering communications; establishes provisions regarding an action prohibiting the publication of synthetic media in electioneering communications; provides exceptions.

Failed - Adjourned

Idaho

ID H 664

Freedom From AI-Rigged (FAIR) Elections Act

Provides that a candidate whose action or speech is deceptively represented through the use of synthetic media in an electioneering communication may seek injunctive or other equitable relief prohibiting the publication of such synthetic media; provides that a candidate whose action or speech is deceptively represented through the use of synthetic media in an electioneering communication may bring an action for damages; provides an affirmative defense if the communication includes a specified disclosure.

Enacted

Illinois

IL H 4624

Election Code

Amends the Election Code; in provisions concerning the prevention of voting or candidate support and conspiracy to prevent voting, provides that the term deception or forgery includes, but is not limited to the creation and distribution of a digital replica or deceptive social media content that a reasonable person would incorrectly believe is a true depiction of an individual, is made by a government official or candidate for office within the State, or is an announcement or communication.

Pending

Illinois

IL H 4644

Election Code

Amends the Election Code; provides that a person shall not distribute, or enter into an agreement with another person to distribute, materially deceptive media if: the person knows the media falsely represents a depicted individual; the distribution occurs within specified number of days before an election; the person intends the distribution to harm the reputation or electoral prospects of a candidate in an election and the distribution is reasonably likely to cause that result.

Pending

Illinois

IL S 2762

Election Code

Amends the Election Code; provides that, if a person, committee, or other entity creates, originally publishes, or originally distributes a qualified political advertisement, the qualified political advertisement shall include, in a clear and conspicuous manner, a statement that the qualified political advertisement was generated in whole or substantially by artificial intelligence that satisfies specified requirements; provides for civil penalties and exceptions to the provision.

Pending

Illinois

IL S 2983

Election Code and Vote Prevention

Amends the Election Code; relates to provisions concerning the prevention of voting or candidate support and conspiracy to prevent voting, provides that the term deception or forgery includes, but is not limited to the creation and distribution of a digital replica or deceptive social media content that a reasonable person would incorrectly believe is a true depiction of an individual, is made by a government official or candidate for office within the State, or is an announcement or communication made.

Pending

Indiana

IN H 1133

Digitally Altered Media in Elections

Defines fabricated media; provides that if a campaign communication includes fabricated media depicting a candidate, the person that paid for the campaign communication must include a disclaimer, separate from the disclaimer; provides that a candidate depicted in fabricated media that is included in a campaign communication that does not include a disclaimer required may bring a civil action.

Enacted

Indiana

IN H 1283

Altered Media in Elections Usage

Relates to use of altered media in elections; defines fabricated media; allows a candidate depicted in fabricated media disseminated by a person in violation of this prohibition to bring a civil action against the person and specifies the relief that a court may grant a prevailing plaintiff.

Failed - Adjourned

Indiana

IN S 7

Use of Fabricated Media in Elections

Relates to use of fabricated media in elections; defines fabricated media as any of the following that is created through a generative adversarial network or other generative artificial intelligence technology, an altered facsimile of an audio or visual recording depicting an individual's speech, appearance, or conduct, the alteration of which, is made without the individual's consent, results in a materially inaccurate depiction of the individual's speech, appearance, or conduct.

Failed - Adjourned

Kansas

KS H 2559

Generative Artificial Intelligence in Election Campaign

Relates to prohibiting the use of generative artificial intelligence to create false representations of candidates in election campaign media or of state officials.

Failed

Kansas

KS H 2576

Signed Statements of Fair Campaign Practices

Relates to requiring the publication of signed statements of fair campaign practices and providing a cause of action for violations of such statements.

Failed - Adjourned

Kansas

KS S 375

Generative Artificial Intelligence in Election Campaign

Relates to prohibiting the use of generative artificial intelligence to create false representations of candidates in election campaign media or of state officials.

Failed - Adjourned

Kentucky

KY S 131

Election Provisions

Defines electioneering communication, information content provider, interactive computer service, sponsor, and synthetic media; establishes a cause of action for the use of synthetic media in an electioneering communication; establishes an affirmative defense that the electioneering communication includes a conspicuous disclosure; provides that the sponsor of the electioneering communication may be held liable, but the medium is not liable, except in certain circumstances.

Failed - Adjourned

Louisiana

LA S 97

Political Campaigns

Provides that no person shall cause to be distributed, or transmitted, any oral, visual, digital, or written material containing any statement or depiction which he knows or should be reasonably expected to know makes a false statement about or representation of a candidate in a primary or general election or about a proposition; provides that if the communication utilizes deep fake technology, artificial intelligence, or similar tools, it shall state that the communication contains these elements.

Vetoed

Massachusetts

MA H 4601

Makes Appropriations for the Fiscal Year

Makes appropriations for the fiscal year 2025 for the maintenance of the departments, boards, commissions, institutions, and certain activities of the commonwealth, for interest, sinking fund, and serial bond requirements, and for certain permanent improvements.

Pending

Massachusetts

MA S 2730

Election Communications

Relates to deceptive and fraudulent deepfakes in election communications.

Pending

Massachusetts

MA S 2831

Disinformation in Elections

Relates to disinformation in elections.

Pending

Maryland

MD H 872

Campaign Materials Synthetic Media Use Disclosure

Requires that candidates, campaign finance entities, and certain other persons, or agents of candidates, campaign finance entities, or certain other persons, that publish, distribute, or disseminate, or cause to be published, distributed, or disseminated, to another person in the State certain campaign materials that use or contain synthetic media include a certain disclosure in a certain manner.

Failed - Adjourned

Maryland

MD S 978

Election Law Synthetic Media Disclosure and Regulation

Requires certain persons that publish, distribute, or disseminate, or cause to be published, distributed, or disseminated synthetic media, to publish on their website or submit to the State Board of Elections for publication certain original media content; requires certain persons that publish, distribute, or disseminate or cause to be published, distributed, or disseminated synthetic media to include a certain disclosure in a certain manner.

Failed - Adjourned

Minnesota

MN H 3625

Public Safety

Relates to public safety; modifies the deep fake election crime; disqualifies a convicted person from holding elected office.

Failed - Adjourned

Missouri

MO H 2628

Distribution of Synthetic Media

Creates the offense of distribution of synthetic media relating to elections or candidates for public office.

Failed - Adjourned

Missouri

MO S 1444

Digitally Altered Media

Creates provisions relating to digitally altered media.

Failed - Adjourned

Mississippi

MS H 1267

Political Communications

Creates a new section of law to provide that if any political communications were generated in whole or in part by synthetic media using artificial intelligence algorithms, then such political communications shall have a clear and prominent disclaimer stating that the information contained in the political communication was generated using artificial intelligence algorithms; provides that if any published campaign materials or published printed materials were generated in whole or in part.

Failed

Mississippi

MS H 1689

Election Crime for Dissemination of a Deep Fake

Provides that a person who disseminates a deep fake shall be guilty of a crime if the person knows or had reason to know that the information being disseminated is a deep fake and the dissemination occurs within ninety days of an election, was disseminated without the consent of the depicted individual, and was disseminated with the intent to injure a candidate, influence the result of an election or deter any person from voting; provides definitions; provides the sentencing for the crime.

Failed

Mississippi

MS S 2423

Political Advertisements Using AI

Requires qualified political advertisements that utilize artificial intelligence to disclose the use of artificial intelligence to the public; defines what is considered a qualified political advertisement and artificial intelligence as used in this section; clarifies what information must be present in an advertisement to satisfy the disclosure requirement; specifies who is not liable for the failure of disclosure of the use of artificial intelligence.

Failed

Mississippi

MS S 2577

Wrongful Dissemination of Digitizations

Creates criminal penalties for the wrongful dissemination of digitizations.

Enacted

North Carolina

NC H 1072

Political Advertisements

Requires disclaimer in political advertisements using artificial intelligence (A.I.).

Pending

North Carolina

NC S 88

Absentee Ballots

Requires county boards to challenge ballots of ineligible voters due to death or felony conviction; requires the disclosure of the use of artificial intelligence in advertisements portraying misleading or false content; requires signature verification for executed absentee ballots before the ballot is accepted by county boards of elections, beginning in 2025; expands the pilot program for signature verification on executed absentee ballots through the 2024 general election.

Pending

North Carolina

NC S 880

Fraudulent Deepfakes in Election Communications

Prohibits the use of fraudulent deepfakes in election communications; appropriates funds for enforcement.

Pending

Nebraska

NE L 1203

Nebraska Political Accountability and Disclosure Act

Regulates artificial intelligence in media and political advertisement under the Nebraska Political Accountability and Disclosure Act.

Failed - Adjourned

New Hampshire

NH H 1432

Deepfakes

Prohibits certain uses of deepfakes and creates a private claim of action; establishes the crime of fraudulent use of deepfakes and sets penalties therefor; establishes a cause of action for fraudulent use of deepfakes; prohibits registration of lobbyists who have been found to have fraudulently used deepfakes in certain cases.

To Governor

New Hampshire

NH H 1500

Unlawful Distribution of Misleading Synthetic Media

Establishes the crimes of unlawful distribution of misleading synthetic media and unlawful distribution of election-related misleading synthetic media.

Pending

New Hampshire

NH H 1596

Artificial Intelligence Usage in Political Advertising

Requires a disclosure of deceptive artificial intelligence usage in political advertising; requires the disclosure of deceptive synthetic media and deceptive and fraudulent deep fakes usage in political advertising.

To Governor

New Hampshire

NH H 1710

Prohibited Use of Synthetic Media

Creates a civil cause of action for distribution of misleading synthetic media, and creates certain requirements and remedies for the use of synthetic media in election contexts; provides that a person engages in distribution of misleading synthetic media when the person purposely distributes or makes publicly available synthetic media purported to be of or by an identifiable person without the consent of the identifiable person, without displaying a conspicuous notice, and with the intent to mislead.

Failed

New Jersey

NJ S 3926

Fraudulent Impersonations or False Depictions

Expands crime of identity theft to include fraudulent impersonation or false depiction by means of artificial intelligence or deepfake technology.

Failed - Adjourned

New Jersey

NJ A 2818

Deceptive Audio or Visual Election Media

Concerns certain intentionally deceptive audio or visual media and elections; prohibits and imposes criminal penalty on disclosure of certain intentionally deceptive audio or visual media within specified days of election.

Pending

New Jersey

NJ A 3912

Identity Theft

Extends crime of identity theft to include fraudulent impersonation or false depiction by means of artificial intelligence or deepfake technology.

Pending

New Jersey

NJ S 736

Fraudulent Impersonations or False Depictions

Expands crime of identity theft to include fraudulent impersonation or false depiction by means of artificial intelligence or deepfake technology.

Pending

New Jersey

NJ S 2543

Deceptive Audio or Visual Media During Elections

Prohibits and imposes criminal penalty on distribution of certain intentionally deceptive audio or visual media within 90 days of election.

Pending

New Mexico

NM H 182

Campaign Reporting Act

Provides that if a person creates, produces or purchases an advertisement that contains materially deceptive media, which includes but is not limited to artificial intelligence, the advertisement shall include a disclaimer; creates the crime of distributing or entering into an agreement with another person to distribute materially deceptive media to, among other things, mislead electors; provides for civil and criminal penalties.

Enacted

New York

NY A 6790

Creation of Synthetic Media

Provides that a person who, with intent to injure a candidate or unduly influence the outcome of an election, creates or causes to be created a fabricated photographic, videographic, or audio record and causes such fabricated photographic, videographic, or audio record to be disseminated or published within a specified number of days of an election shall be guilty of a class E felony; specifies exceptions.

Pending

New York

NY A 7106

Political Artificial Intelligence Disclaimer (PAID) Act

Amends the Election Law, in relation to the use and disclosure of synthetic media; provides that any political communication which was produced by or includes any synthetic media shall be required to disclose the use of such synthetic media; provides that the disclosure on printed or digital political communications, including but not limited to brochures, flyers, posters, mailings, or internet advertising shall be printed or typed in an appropriate legible form.

Pending

New York

NY A 7904

Disclosure of the Use of Artificial Intelligence

Requires disclosure of the use of artificial intelligence in political communications; directs the state board of elections to create criteria for determining whether a political communication contains an image or video footage created through generative artificial intelligence and to create a definition of content generated by artificial intelligence.

Pending

New York

NY A 8808

Transportation and Economic Development Budget

Enacts into law major components of legislation necessary to implement the state transportation, economic development and environmental conservation budget for the specified state fiscal year.

Enacted

New York

NY A 9816

Candidate Depicted in Materially Deceptive Media

Permits a candidate who was depicted in materially deceptive media in a political communication to seek injunctive or other equitable relief prohibiting the publication of such materially deceptive media unless certain disclosures are provided; establishes an affirmative defense.

Pending

New York

NY S 6638

Political Artificial Intelligence Disclaimer Act

Provides that all political committees that make an expenditure for a political communication shall be required to disclose the identity of the political committee which made the expenditure for such political communication; provides that any political communication which was produced by or includes any synthetic media shall be required to disclose the use of such synthetic media; provides that all committees shall keep records of their use of synthetic media during each campaign cycle.

Pending

New York

NY S 7592

Disclosure of the Use of Artificial Intelligence

Requires disclosure of the use of artificial intelligence in political communications; provides that any political communication, regardless of whether such communication is considered a substantial or nominal expenditure, that uses an image or video footage that was generated in whole or in part with the use of artificial intelligence, as defined by the state board of elections, shall be required to disclose that artificial intelligence was used in such communication.

Pending

New York

NY S 8400

Creation of Synthetic Media to Influence Election

Provides that a person who, with intent to injure a candidate or unduly influence the outcome of an election, creates or causes to be created a fabricated photographic, videographic, or audio record and causes such fabricated photographic, videographic, or audio record to be disseminated or published within a specified number of days of an election shall be guilty of a class E felony; exempts dissemination or publication of synthetic media that was created for the purpose of political or social commentary.

Pending

New York

NY S 8631

Candidate Depicted in Materially Deceptive Media

Permits a candidate who was depicted in materially deceptive media in a political communication to seek injunctive or other equitable relief prohibiting the publication of such materially deceptive media unless certain disclosures are provided; establishes an affirmative defense.

Pending

New York

NY S 9678

Materially Deceptive Media in Political Communications

Relates to the Election Law and materially deceptive media in political communications; provides that a person, firm, association, corporation, campaign, committee, or organization that distributes or publishes any political communication that was produced by or includes materially deceptive media and has actual knowledge that it is deceptive shall be required to disclose this use; provides certain exceptions for, among others, media distributed by a bona fide news reporting entity for certain purposes.

Enacted

Ohio

OH H 410

Deepfake Media Dissemination

Regulates the dissemination of deepfake media for the purpose of influencing the results of an election.

Pending

Oklahoma

OK H 3825

Elections and Definition

Relates to elections; defines terms; prohibits deceptive and fraudulent deepfakes of candidates for elective office; provides exception with certain disclosure; provides for certain relief; provides for penalties; provides exemptions; provides for codification; provides an effective date.

Failed - Adjourned

Oklahoma

OK S 1655

Prohibited Media Distributions During Elections

Provides that a person, corporation, committee, or other entity shall not, within a specified number of days prior to an election at which a candidate for elective office will appear on the ballot, distribute a synthetic media message that the person, corporation, committee, or other entity knows or should have known is a deceptive and fraudulent deepfake of a candidate or party on the State or local ballot.

Failed - Adjourned

Oregon

OR S 1571

AI in Campaign Ads

Relates to the use of artificial intelligence in campaign communications; provides that a campaign communication that includes any form of synthetic media must include a disclosure stating that the image, audio recording or video recording has been manipulated; provides that the Secretary of State may institute proceedings to enjoin any violation of this requirement; provides that the court shall impose a civil penalty.

Enacted

Oregon

OR S 1571

AI in Campaign Ads

Relates to the use of artificial intelligence in campaign communications; provides that a campaign communication that includes any form of synthetic media must include a disclosure stating that the image, audio recording or video recording has been manipulated; provides that the Secretary of State may institute proceedings to enjoin any violation of this requirement; provides that the court shall impose a civil penalty.

Enacted

Pennsylvania

PA H 2079

Fraudulent Misrepresentation of a Candidate

Amends the act known as the Pennsylvania Election Code, in penalties; provides for the offense of fraudulent misrepresentation of a candidate; imposes a penalty.

Pending

Pennsylvania

PA H 2144

Election Advertising

Amends the act known as the Pennsylvania Election Code, in primary and election expenses; provides for advertising.

Pending

Pennsylvania

PA H 2353

Fraudulent Misrepresentation of Candidates

Provides for civil liability for fraudulent misrepresentation of candidates; imposes penalties.

Pending

Pennsylvania

PA S 1217

Fraudulent Misrepresentation of Candidates

Provides for civil liability for fraudulent misrepresentation of candidates; imposes penalties.

Pending

Rhode Island

RI H 7387

Deceptive and Fraudulent Synthetic Media in Election

Provides that a creator shall not, within a specified number of days of any election at which a candidate for elective office will appear on a ballot, distribute synthetic media that the creator knows or should know is deceptive and fraudulent synthetic media; provides that a candidate whose appearance, actions, or speech are depicted through the use of synthetic media in violation may seek injunctive or other equitable relief from the creator.

Pending

Rhode Island

RI H 8118

Election Campaign Contributions and Expenditures Report

Amends various sections of law relating to campaign contributions and expenditures including prohibitions on self-dealing with committee funds and would prohibit donations made in fictitious names; takes effect upon passage.

Pending

Rhode Island

RI S 2456

Synthetic Media in Election Communications

Prohibits a person, corporation, or political action committee from using synthetic media, within ninety days of any election; defines synthetic media as an image, an audio recording or a video recording of an individual's appearance, speech or conduct that has been intentionally manipulated with the use of generative adversarial network techniques or other digital technology to create a realistic but fake image.

Pending

South Carolina

SC H 4660

Deceptive and Fraudulent Deepfake Media

Prohibits the distribution of deceptive and fraudulent deepfake media of a candidate within ninety days of an election unless the media includes requisite disclosure language, and to authorize a candidate whose likeness is depicted in media distributed in violation of this section to seek injunctive or other equitable relief as well as an action for damages against the distributor of the media.

Failed - Adjourned

South Dakota

SD S 96

Deepfake Election Influence

Prohibits the use of a deepfake to influence an election, to provide a penalty therefor.

Failed - Adjourned

Tennessee

TN H 2185

Election Laws

Requires political advertisements that are created in whole or in part by artificial intelligence to include certain disclaimers; requires materially deceptive media disseminated for purposes of a political campaign to include certain disclaimers; establishes criminal penalties and the right to injunctive relief for violations.

Failed - Adjourned

Tennessee

TN H 2501

Election Laws

Requires political communications to contain a disclaimer if the communication was generated in whole or in part by synthetic media using artificial intelligence algorithms.

Failed - Adjourned

Tennessee

TN S 2057

Election Laws

Requires political advertisements that are created in whole or in part by artificial intelligence to include certain disclaimers; requires materially deceptive media disseminated for purposes of a political campaign to include certain disclaimers; establishes criminal penalties and the right to injunctive relief for violations.

Failed - Adjourned

Tennessee

TN S 2386

Election Laws

Requires political communications to contain a disclaimer if the communication was generated in whole or in part by synthetic media using artificial intelligence algorithms.

Failed - Adjourned

Utah

UT H 329

Artificial Intelligence in Political Advertising

Addresses artificial intelligence and political advertising.

Failed

Utah

UT S 131

Information Technology Act Amendments

Relates to an audio or visual communication that, among other things, is intended to influence voting for or against a candidate or ballot proposition in an election or primary in the State; provides that an audio communication that contains synthetic audio media shall include specified words audibly at the beginning and end of the communication; provides that a visual communication that contains synthetic media shall display specified words during each portion containing synthetic media.

Enacted

Washington

WA H 1442

Synthetic Media in Campaigns for Elective Office

Defines synthetic media in campaigns for elective office; provides relief for candidates and campaigns.

Failed - Adjourned

Wisconsin

WI A 664

Artificial Intelligence Content Disclosure

Concerns disclosures regarding content generated by artificial intelligence in political advertisements; grants rule making authority; provides for a penalty.

Enacted

Wisconsin

WI S 644

Content Generated by Artificial Intelligence Disclosure

Concerns disclosures regarding content generated by artificial intelligence in political advertisements; grants rule making authority; provides a penalty.

Failed

Wisconsin

WI S 644

Content Generated by Artificial Intelligence Disclosure

Concerns disclosures regarding content generated by artificial intelligence in political advertisements; grants rule making authority; provides a penalty.

Failed

West Virginia

WV H 4963

Artificial Intelligence to Attribute Remarks

Prohibits the use of deep fake technology to influence an election; provides that a person who disseminates a deep fake or enters into a contract or other agreement to disseminate a deep fake is guilty of a crime and may be sentenced in a specified manner if the person knows or reasonably should know that, among other things, the item being disseminated is a deep fake; provides for exemptions; provides for a cause of action for injunctive relief.

Failed - Adjourned

Wyoming

WY S 51

Unlawful Dissemination of Misleading Synthetic Media

Relates to consumer protection; prohibits the dissemination of synthetic media as specified; provides definitions; provides remedies; provides penalties; provides for an effective date.

Failed

2023 Legislation on A.I. in Elections and Campaigns
2023 Legislation on A.I. in Elections and Campaigns
State Bill Status Description

Arizona

SB 1565

Vetoed

Prohibits the use of AI in voting machines and software.

Illinois

SB 1742

Failed

Prohibits the use of deepfake videos to influence an election 30 days prior to an election.

Indiana

HB 1464

Failed

Requires a disclosure on doctored media used to influence an election.

Michigan

HB 5141

Enacted

Requires a disclosure on political ads generated by AI. (HB 5142 makes it a felony for failing to include the disclosure and HB 5143 defines AI)

Michigan

HB 5144

Enacted

Prohibits the publication of materially deceptive media 90 days prior to an election where a candidate will appear on the ballot, unless it includes a disclosure that the media has been manipulated. (HB 5145 makes it a felony)

Minnesota

HB 1370

Enacted

Prohibits the publication of deepfake media to influence an election 90 days prior to an election.

Minnesota

SB 1394

Failed

Prohibits the publication of deepfake media to influence an election 90 days prior to an election.

New Jersey

AB 5510

Failed

Prohibits the publication of deceptive media 90 days prior to an election where a candidate will appear on the ballot, unless it includes a disclosure that the media has been manipulated.

New Jersey

SB 366

Failed

Prohibits the publication of deceptive media 60 days prior to an election where a candidate will appear on the ballot, unless it includes a disclosure that the media has been manipulated.

New Jersey

SB 3926

Failed

Prohibits the use of videos that falsely depicts an election or policy debate.

New York

AB 6790

Failed

Prohibits the use of synthetic media videos to influence an election 60 days prior to an election.

New York

AB 7106

Failed

Requires political communications that contain synthetic media to contain a disclaimer.

New York

AB 7904

Failed

Requires political communications that contain material generated by AI to contain a disclaimer.

New York

SB 6638

Failed

Requires political communications that contain synthetic media to contain a disclaimer.

New York

SB 6859

Failed

Requires a disclosure on synthetic media used to influence an election.

Texas

SB 1044

Failed

Prohibits the publishing of deepfake videos to influence an election 90 days prior to an election.

Washington

SB 5152

Enacted

Requires a disclosure on synthetic media used to influence an election.

Wisconsin

AB 664

Introduced

Requires political communications that contain synthetic media to contain a disclaimer.

Note: This page should be used for general informational purposes only.

Our organization does not run elections and cannot provide legal advice. If you are a voter looking for assistance, please contact your local election official. You can find your local election official's website and contact information by using this database from the US Vote Foundation.

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