Legislation Related to Artificial Intelligence

Technology

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Artificial intelligence (AI), the development of computer systems to perform tasks that normally require human intelligence, such as learning and decision making, has the potential to transform and spur innovation across industry and government. As the science and technology of AI continues to develop, more products and services are coming onto the market. For example, companies are developing AI to help consumers run their homes and allow the elderly to stay in their homes longer. AI is used in health care technologies, self-driving cars, digital assistants and many other areas of daily life.

Concerns about potential misuse or unintended consequences of AI, however, have prompted efforts to examine and develop standards, such as the US National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) initiative involving workshops and discussions with the public and private sectors around the development of federal standards to create building blocks for reliable, robust, and trustworthy AI systems.

State lawmakers also are considering AI’s benefits and challenges—a growing number of measures are being introduced to study the impact of the use of AI or algorithms and the potential roles for policymakers.

This web page covers key legislation related to AI issues generally. Legislation related solely to specific AI technologies, such as facial recognition or autonomous cars, is being tracked separately.

2022 Legislation

General artificial intelligence bills or resolutions were introduced in at least 17 states in 2022, and were enacted in Colorado, Florida, Idaho, Maine, Maryland, Rhode Island, Vermont and Washington. Colorado and Vermont created task forces or commissions to study AI. Washington provided funding for the office of the chief information officer to prepare and make publicly available an inventory of all automated decision systems in use by state agencies and to adopt minimum standards that should be used by agencies planning to develop an automated decision system during the 2023 fiscal year.

State	Bill Number	Bill Title	Bill Status	Bill Summary	Category
Alabama	H 197	Artificial Intelligence and Facial Recognition	Failed – Adjourned	Limits the use of facial recognition; ensures artificial intelligence is not the only basis for arrest.	Government Use
Alaska	None
Arizona	None
Arkansas	None
California	A 858	Employment: Health Information Technology	Vetoed	Prohibits a general acute care hospital employer from retaliating or otherwise discriminating against a worker providing direct patient care who requests to override health information technology and clinical practice guidelines or discusses these issues with other employees or supervisors. Authorizes a worker who is subject to retaliation or discrimination by a general acute care hospital employer to file a complaint with the Labor Commissioner against the general acute care hospital employer.	Health Use
California	A 1468	Prior Authorization	Failed	Requires a health care service plan or health insurer that implements an automated prior authorization system to use evidence-based clinical guidelines to program the system and to make the algorithms used for the system available for download on the plan's or insurer's provider internet website.	Health Use
California	A 1651	Worker Rights: Workplace Technology Accountability Act	Failed – Adjourned	Imposes various duties on employers and their vendors regarding the ability to collect and use worker data, as defined. Relates to confer the right to workers to know, review, correct, and secure data collected from them by their employer and would limit the ability of an employer to use that data beyond specified purposes.	Private Sector Use
California	A 2224	Real Estate: Transactions: iBuyers	Failed - Adjourned	Requires an iBuyer, defined by the bill as an online real estate company that uses an automated valuation model to identify and then purchase a residential or commercial property without the use of a mortgage or other type of financing, to work with a local real estate broker, as defined, when selling real property in state. Exempts from this requirement the initial sale of real property containing new construction.	Private Sector Use
California	S 1018	Platform Accountability and Transparency Act	Vetoed	Requires a social media platform to disclose to the public, on or before specified date, and annually thereafter, statistics regarding the extent to which, in the third and fourth quarters of the preceding calendar year and first and second quarters of the current calendar year, items of content that the platform determined violated its policies were recommended or otherwise amplified by platform algorithms, disaggregated by category of policy violated.	Private Sector Use
Colorado	H 1355	Producer Responsibility Program For Recycling	Enacted	Concerns the creation of the producer responsibility program for statewide recycling; appropriates funds. Requires a needs assessment to identify opportunities for the use of innovative new technologies, including artificial intelligence technologies, for the recycling and reuse of covered materials.	Private Sector Use
Colorado	S 113	Artificial Intelligence Facial Recognition	Enacted	Concerns the use of personal identifying data; creates a task force for the consideration of facial recognition services, restricting the use of facial recognition services by law enforcement agencies, temporarily prohibiting state and local government agencies and schools from executing new contracts for facial recognition services; appropriates funds.	Government Use; Studies
Connecticut	None
Delaware	None
District of Columbia	B24-558	Stop Discrimination by Algorithms Act of 2021	Failed – Adjourned	Prohibits users of algorithmic decision making from utilizing algorithmic eligibility determinations in a discriminatory manner; requires corresponding notices to individuals whose personal information is used; provides for appropriate means of civil enforcement.	Responsible Use
Florida	H 2205	Appropriations Project	Failed	Provides an appropriation for the UF/IFAS Quantifying Ecosystems Services with Artificial Intelligence.	Appropriations; Government Use
Florida	H 5001	General Appropriations Act	Enacted	Provides an appropriation for the UF/IFAS Quantifying Ecosystems Services with Artificial Intelligence.	Appropriations; Government Use
Florida	S 2500	General Appropriations Act	Failed	Provides an appropriation for the UF/IFAS Quantifying Ecosystems Services with Artificial Intelligence.	Appropriations; Government Use
Georgia	H 1651	Transparency and Fairness in Automated Decision Making	Failed – Adjourned	Relates to general provisions regarding state government, so as to create the Transparency and Fairness in Automated Decision-Making Commission; provides for the composition and operation of same; provides for a survey and recommendations; provides for public notice and input; provides for reporting; provides for definitions; provides for related matters; repeals conflicting laws.	Government Use; Oversight/Governance; Studies
Guam	None
Hawaii	None
Idaho	H 647	Personhood Status	Failed – Adjourned	Adds to existing law to provide that environmental elements, artificial intelligence, animals, and inanimate objects shall not be granted personhood.
Idaho	H 720	Personhood Designations	Enacted	Provides that environmental elements, artificial intelligence, nonhuman animals, and inanimate objects shall not be granted personhood; declares an emergency; provides an effective date.
Illinois	H 1811	Equal Pay Act	Failed – Adjourned	Amends the Equal Pay Act and the Consumer Fraud and Deceptive Business Practices Act; provides that when using predictive data analytics in determining creditworthiness or in making hiring decisions, the use of predictive data analytics may not include information that correlates with the race or ZIP code of the applicant for credit or employment; amends the Human Rights Act; provides that nothing in the Act shall be construed to prevent the use of predictive data analytics for specified purposes.	Private Sector
Indiana	None
Iowa	None
Kansas	None
Kentucky	H 724	Regulatory Innovations	Failed – Adjourned	Establishes subtitle 53 of KRS chapter 304 to establishes definitions, purpose, and interpretation of Insurance and Relates Innovation Sandbox Law, establishes director of innovation within the Department of Insurance, establishes duties of the director of innovation, establishes procedures, parameters, and application process for obtaining a waiver or no-action letter with respect to specified requirements imposed by statute or regulation for insurance-related innovations, includes use of artificial intelligence.	Private Sector Use
Kentucky	H 779	Credit	Failed – Adjourned	Defines terms, prohibit the use of social credit scores; prohibits the violation of an individual's constitutional rights based on predictive behavior analysis; prohibits the use of social credit scores in lending and investing; allows the use of financial credit scores.	Private Sector Use
Louisiana	None
Maine	H 1199	Equity in Policy Making	Enacted	Establishes data governance program; provides that the secretary of state, or the secretary’s designee, and the chief information officer shall consult with the Permanent Commission on the Status of Racial, Indigenous and Tribal Populations and the state archivist; appropriates funds.	Government Use
Maryland	H 1205	State Government Information Technology	Enacted	Requires a certain water or sewer system to, on or before a certain date, assess its vulnerability to a cyberattack, develop a cybersecurity plan if appropriate, and submit a certain report to the General Assembly; requires the Department of Information Technology to annually evaluate the feasibility of units of state government providing public services using artificial intelligence, machine learning, commercial cloud computing services, device-as-a-service procurement models, and other emerging technologies.	Government Use
Maryland	H 1359	State Government Technology and Science	Failed – Adjourned	Establishes the Technology and Science Advisory Commission to study and make recommendations on technology and science in the state; requires the governor, for each fiscal year, to include in the annual budget bill an appropriation of a specified amount to the Commission; requires the Commission to submit a report by Dec. 31 each year to the governor and the General Assembly on its activities and recommendations.	Government Use; Oversight/Governance; Responsible Use
Maryland	H 1384	Industry 40 Technology Grant Program	Failed – Adjourned	Establishes the Industry 4.0 Technology Grant Program in the Department of Commerce to provide grants to small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises to assist those manufacturers with implementing new Industry 4.0 technology or related infrastructure for certain purposes; requires the governor to include in the annual budget bill an appropriation of a specified amount to the program.	Effect on Labor/Employment; Private Sector Use
Maryland	H 1429	Collection and Publication of Criminal Case Information	Failed – Adjourned	Establishes requirements for the collection and dissemination of certain information relating to the Office of the State's Attorney in each county and Baltimore City, coordinated in a certain manner by the Administrative Office of the Courts and the State Commission on Criminal Sentencing Policy.	Government Use
Maryland	S 811	Information Technology and Cybersecurity Infrastructure	Failed – Adjourned	Authorizes the Maryland Stadium Authority to issue bonds and, in consultation with the Department of Information Technology, finance projects related to information technology and cybersecurity-related state government infrastructure; establishes an Information Technology and Cybersecurity Infrastructure Fund as a special, non-lapsing fund; establishes a Statewide Reporting Framework and Oversight Commission in the Department. Requires the Department of Information Technology to annually evaluate the feasibility of units of state government providing public services using artificial intelligence, machine learning, commercial cloud computing services, device-as-a-service procurement models, and other emerging technologies.	Government Use
Massachusetts	H 119	State Agency Automated Decision-Making	Failed – Adjourned	Relates to state agency automated decision-making, artificial intelligence, transparency, fairness, and individual rights.	Government Use
Massachusetts	H 136	Data Privacy	Failed – Adjourned	Relates to data privacy. Creates the Massachusetts Data Accountability and Transparency Agency.	Impact Assessment; Oversight/Governance; Private Sector Use; Responsible Use
Massachusetts	H 142	Consumer Data Privacy	Failed – Adjourned	Relates to consumer data privacy. Requires disclosure of the use of automated decision making.	Notification; Private Sector Use
Massachusetts	H 4029	Algorithmic Accountability and Bias Prevention	Failed - Adjourned	Relates to algorithmic accountability and bias prevention in the protection of consumers.	Impact Assessment; Oversight/Governance; Private Sector Use; Responsible Use
Massachusetts	H 4152	Personal Data Protection	Failed – Adjourned	Requires data controllers to disclose the existence of automated decision-making, including profiling and to provide meaningful information about the logic involved, as well as the significance and the predicted consequences of the processing for the data subject.	Private Sector Use
Massachusetts	H 4512	Automated Decision-Making	Failed – Adjourned	Establishes a commission on automated decision-making by government in the commonwealth.	Government Use; Oversight/Governance; Studies
Massachusetts	S 46	Massachusetts Information Privacy Act	Failed – Adjourned	Establishes the Massachusetts Information Privacy Act. Requires disclosure of the use of automated decision making.	Notification; Private Sector Use
Massachusetts	S 60	Transparency and Use of Artificial Intelligence	Failed – Adjourned	Establishes a commission on transparency and use of artificial intelligence in government decision-making.	Government Use; Oversight/Governance; Studies
Massachusetts	S 2688	Automated Decision-Making	Failed – Adjourned	Establishes a commission on automated decision-making by government in the commonwealth.	Government Use; Oversight/Governance; Studies
Michigan	None
Minnesota	None
Mississippi	HCR 3	Credit Score Determination Disclosure	Failed	Urges the U.S. Congress to enact legislation requiring data analytics companies that calculate and determine credit scores to disclose to consumers the methods used to determine credit scores.	Private Sector Use
Mississippi	H 1688	University of State Certain Projects Funding	Failed	Appropriates $3 million to the Board of Trustees of State Institutions of Higher Learning for the purpose of funding a data science and artificial intelligence project at the University of Mississippi for the fiscal year 2023.	Appropriations
Missouri	H 2583	Technology Task Force	Failed – Adjourned	Establishes the Technology Task Force.	Government Use; Studies
Montana	No regular 2022 session
Nebraska	L 904	Federal Funds to University Computer Center	Failed – Adjourned	Appropriates federal funds to the University of Nebraska for an Artificial Intelligence, Cybersecurity, and Holland Computer Center facility.	Appropriations; Education/Training
Nebraska	L 1194	Appropriations	Failed – Adjourned	Appropriates $3 million to the Public Service Commission to partner with the University of Nebraska for the purpose of establishing a public-private partnership to develop cloud-based software services that utilize artificial intelligence to improve the handling and processing of 911 emergency calls.	Government Use
Nevada	No regular 2022 session
New Hampshire	None
New Jersey	A 168	Artificial Intelligence Economic Growth Study	Pending	Requires the commissioner of labor and workforce development to conduct study and issue report on impact of artificial intelligence on growth of state economy.	Effect on Labor/Employment; Studies
New Jersey	A 537	Automobile Insurers Automated Underwriting System	Pending	Requires automobile insurers to provide policyholders with annual documentation demonstrating no discriminatory outcomes with insurer's automated underwriting system.	Private Sector Use; Responsible Use
New Jersey	S 1402	Automated Decision System Discrimination	Pending	Prohibits certain discrimination by automated decision systems.	Health Use; Private Sector Use; Responsible Use
New Jersey	S 1926	Use of Automated Tools in Hiring Decisions	Pending	Regulates use of automated tools in hiring decisions to minimize discrimination in employment.	Audit; Notification; Private Sector Use; Responsible Use
New Mexico	S 72	Center for Dryland Resilience	Failed – Adjourned	Makes an appropriation to the Board of Regents of New Mexico State University to establish the Center For Dryland Resilience as a collaborative effort with Eastern New Mexico University, the New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology and the University of New Mexico and to build an ecological monitoring network, develop computer modeling and artificial intelligence solutions to diagnose and predict vulnerabilities in dryland systems and develop resilience strategies for the sustainable management of drylands.	Government Use
New York	A 680	NY Privacy Act	Failed – Adjourned	Enacts the NY privacy act to require companies to disclose their methods of de-identifying personal information, to place special safeguards around data sharing and to allow consumers to obtain the names of all entities with whom their information is shared; creates a special account to fund a new office of privacy and data protection.	Private Sector Use
New York	A 7244	Sale of Automated Employment Decision Tools	Failed – Adjourned	Establishes criteria for the sale of automated employment decision tools.	Private Sector Use
New York	A 9885	Workforce Development	Failed – Adjourned	Creates the Commission to Study the Impact of Automation and Artificial Intelligence on the New York Labor Force. The commission shall work in collaboration with stakeholders in workforce development in the state university of New York, the City University of New York and the Department of Education as well as representatives of the business sector; requires the commission to be consist of eleven members to be appointed as follows five shall be appointed by the governor.	Effect on Labor/Employment
New York	S 6701	New York Privacy Act	Failed – Adjourned	Relates to the management and oversight of personal data; provides that each controller that processes a consumer’s personal data must make publicly and persistently available, in a conspicuous and readily accessible manner, a notice containing specified information.	Private Sector Use
North Carolina	S 795	Inmate and Youth Offender Tracking Technology	Failed – Adjourned	Requires the Department of Public Safety to utilize standardized digital technologies for tracking inmates and youth offenders; appropriates funds. Requires the use of radio‑frequency identification (RFID) technology and support real‑time business and artificial intelligence.	Government Use
North Dakota	No regular 2022 session
N. Mariana Islands	Not available
Ohio	None
Oklahoma	H 3010	Filter Bubble Transparency	Failed – Adjourned	Relates to technology; creates a new title; enacts the Filter Bubble Transparency Act of 2022; defines terms; regulates the operation of internet platforms that use an opaque algorithm; regulates upstream providers and search syndication contracts; grants the attorney general and district attorneys the power to bring suit for violation of this act; grants courts the ability to enjoin or make orders to prevent the violation of this act; creates a civil penalty; provides for noncodification.	Private Sector Use
Oklahoma	H 3011	Crimes and Punishments	Failed – Adjourned	Provides that no person shall willfully create and deploy a computer algorithm, which if used in a customary or usual manner is harmful to human life, via software, the Internet, or any other object capable of executing a computer algorithm, with the intent that the same shall be installed, accessed, downloaded, or used in any manner by a human being to his or her injury.
Oklahoma	H 3186	Insurance	Failed – Adjourned	Relates to insurance; enacts the Insurance Consumer Rights Act; defines terms; prohibits discrimination by insurers; prohibits the use of algorithms and predictive models that unfairly discriminate; directs insurance commissioner to adopt rules; directs process for rule creation; directs use of necessary provisions; permits insurance commissioner to investigate; clarifies applicability of act; provides for codification; provides an effective date.	Private Sector Use
Oklahoma	H 4201	Social Credit Systems	Failed – Adjourned	Relates to social credit systems; enacts the Prohibiting Social Credit Systems Act; defines terms; prohibits the use of social credit scores; prohibits the use of behavior to preemptively deny the rights of a citizen who has not yet committed a crime; directs the attorney general to oppose federal action; requires law enforcement agencies to give basis of denial of rights; directs that individuals receive notice of denial of rights; prohibits use of algorithm.	Government Use
Oklahoma	SJR 38	Constitutional Amendment	Failed – Adjourned	Directs the secretary of state to refer to the people for their approval or rejection a proposed amendment to the Oklahoma Constitution by adding a new section 38 to Article II; prohibits the use of any system using behavioral attributes to deny individual rights; provides ballot title; directs filing.	Government Use
Oregon	None
Pennsylvania	H 2903	Artificial Intelligence Registry	Failed – Adjourned	Provides for artificial intelligence registry.	Oversight/Governance; Private Sector Use
Puerto Rico	SR 684	Artificial Intelligence	Pending	Relates to investigating the use of automated systems artificial intelligence that have the potential to significantly impact the rights, opportunities or access of the public to resources and critical services, the performance of public instrumentalities in relation to these issues, current state and federal statutes and regulations related to automated systems, the recommendations to follow to address the problems on these issues.	Studies
Rhode Island	H 6654	The Consumer Protection in Eye Care Act	Enacted	Provides that an assessment mechanism, including artificial intelligence devices, to conduct an eye assessment or to generate a prescription for contact lenses or visual aid glasses in Rhode Island shall meet specified circumstances, including providing synchronous or asynchronous interaction between the patient and the provider and collecting the patient's medical history, previous prescription for corrective eyewear, and length of time since the patient's most recent in-person comprehensive eye health examination.	Health Use
Rhode Island	H 7223	Artificial Intelligence in the Decision-Making Process	Failed – Adjourned	Establishes a permanent commission to monitor the use of artificial intelligence in state government to make state government policy and other decisions; directs the commission to make recommendations regarding changes in the way state government uses artificial intelligence.	Government Use; Oversight/Governance; Studies
Rhode Island	H 7230	Unfair Discrimination in Insurance Practices	Failed – Adjourned	Prohibits the use of any external consumer data and information sources, as well as any algorithms or predictive models that use external consumer data and information sources, in a way that unfairly discriminates based on race, color, national or ethnic origin, religion, sex, sexual orientation, disability, gender identity, or gender expression, by an insurer in regard to any insurance practice.	Private Sector Use
Rhode Island	H 7917	Rhode Island Information Privacy Act	Failed – Adjourned	Creates the Rhode Island Information Privacy Act; allows an individual to access and learn what personal information about the individual has been gathered and stored by covered entities that conduct business in Rhode Island; establishes the Rhode Island information privacy commission to oversee and enforce the provisions of the Rhode Island Information Privacy Act.	Notification; Private Sector Use
Rhode Island	S 2083	Consumer Protection in Eye Care Services	Enacted	Provides that an assessment mechanism, including artificial intelligence devices, to conduct an eye assessment or to generate a prescription for contact lenses or visual aid glasses in Rhode Island shall meet specified circumstances, including providing synchronous or asynchronous interaction between the patient and the provider and collecting the patient's medical history, previous prescription for corrective eyewear, and length of time since the patient's most recent in-person comprehensive eye health examination.	Health Use
Rhode Island	S 2514	Artificial Intelligence in Decision Making Process	Failed – Adjourned	Establishes a permanent commission to monitor the use of artificial intelligence in state government to make state government policy and other decisions; directs the commission to make recommendations regarding changes in the way state government uses artificial intelligence.	Government Use; Oversight/Governance; Studies
A. Samoa	Not available
South Carolina	None
South Dakota	None
Tennessee	None
Texas	No regular 2022 session
Utah	None
Vermont	H 410	Artificial Intelligence Commission	Enacted	This act creates the Division of Artificial Intelligence within the Agency of Digital Services to review all aspects of artificial intelligence developed, employed, or procured by state government. This act also creates the position of the director of Artificial Intelligence to administer the Division and the Artificial Intelligence Advisory Council to provide advice and counsel to the director. This act requires the Division of Artificial Intelligence to, among other things, propose a state code of ethics on the use of artificial intelligence in state government and make recommendations to the General Assembly on policies, laws, and regulations of artificial intelligence in state government. The division is also responsible for making various annual recommendations and reporting requirements to the General Assembly on the use of artificial intelligence in state government. This act also requires the Agency of Digital Services to conduct an inventory of all the automated decision systems developed, employed, or procured by state government.	Government Use; Oversight/Governance; Responsible Use; Studies
Vermont	H 724	Artificial Intelligence and Workforce Development	Failed – Adjourned	Relates to artificial intelligence and workforce development.	Effect on Labor/Employment
Virginia	H 858	Economic Development	Failed	Provides, for taxable years 2022 through 2027, an income tax deduction for 50% of the amount a qualified knowledge worker, defined in the bill, pays for residential high speed internet access or $600, whichever is less. The bill provides a tax credit for qualified knowledge workers for the purchase of a residential electric vehicle charger, in an amount equal to 50% of the former federal tax credit for an electric vehicle charger. The bill also provides an income tax credit for qualified knowledge workers in an amount equal to the sales tax paid for up to $5,000 of certain computer equipment. For the deduction and both credits, the amounts provided are doubled if the qualified knowledge worker resides in a locality that has lost more than 10% of its population since the 2010 census. Qualified knowledge worker is defined in the bill as an individual who establishes new domicile in Virginia and who possesses advanced skills in the field of information technology, including network engineers, software developers, data scientists, and artificial intelligence, machine learning, or quantum computing professionals. The bill provides that no more than $1 million in credits shall be issued in any taxable year and that such credits shall be allocated evenly between distressed and non-distressed localities.	Effect on Labor/Employment
U.S. Virgin Islands	None
Washington	S 5116	Guidelines for Government Procurement	Failed – Adjourned	Establishes guidelines for government procurement and use of automated decision systems to protect consumers, improve transparency, and create more market predictability.	Government Use
Washington	S 5693	Supplemental Operating Appropriations	Enacted	Makes 2021-2023 fiscal biennium supplemental operating appropriations; defines certain terms; provides for conditions and limitations on certain appropriations. Appropriates funds for the office of the chief information officer, who must prepare with the cooperation of state agencies and make publicly available an initial inventory of all automated decision systems that are currently being used by state agencies; and adopt guidance for state agencies regarding minimum standards that should be used for automated decision systems the agency plans to develop or procure during the 2023 fiscal year.	Appropriations; Government Use; Studies
West Virginia	H 2644	Innovation Free Trade Business Technology	Failed – Adjourned	Relates to the West Virginia Innovation Free Trade Business Technology Property Valuation Act and the West Virginia Innovation Free Trade Tax Credit Act.	Effect on Labor/Employment
Wisconsin	None
Wyoming	None

2021 Legislation

Artificial intelligence bills or resolutions were introduced in at least 25 states in 2021, and bills were enacted in Alabama, California, Colorado, Florida, Illinois, Maryland, Mississippi, New Jersey, Ohio, Oregon, Virginia, Washington and West Virginia. Illinois passed legislation amending its Artificial Intelligence Video Interview Act, which was initially passed in 2021. Washington provided funding for the office of the chief information officer to convene a work group to examine how automated decision making systems can be reviewed and periodically audited to ensure they are fair, transparent and accountable.

State	Bill Number	Bill Title	Bill Status	Bill Summary	Category
Alabama	S 78	Council on Advanced Technology	Enacted	Establishes the State Council on Advanced Technology and Artificial Intelligence to review and advise the governor, the Legislature, and other interested parties on the use and development of advanced technology and artificial intelligence in this state.	Studies
Alabama	SJR 104	Recognition Resolution	Adopted	Recognizes the state's technology sector and workforce and technology's economic contributions to the state.	Effect on Labor/Employment
Alaska	None
Arizona	None
Arkansas	None
California	A 13	Public contracts: automated decision systems	Pending	This bill enacts the Automated Decision Systems Accountability Act and state the intent of the Legislature that state agencies use an acquisition method that minimizes the risk of adverse and discriminatory impacts resulting from the design and application of automated decision systems. The bill defines “automated decision system” to mean a computational process, derived from machine learning, statistical modeling, data analytics, or artificial intelligence, that issues simplified output, including a score, classification, or recommendation, that is used to substantially assist or replace human discretionary decision-making and materially impacts natural persons.	Government Use
California	A 858	Employment: Health Information Technology	Pending	Prohibits a general acute care hospital employer from retaliating or otherwise discriminating against a worker providing direct patient care who requests to override health information technology and clinical practice guidelines or discusses these issues with other employees or supervisors. Authorizes a worker who is subject to retaliation or discrimination by a general acute care hospital employer to file a complaint with the Labor Commissioner against the general acute care hospital employer.	Health Use
California	A 1228	Supervised Persons: Release	Enacted	Requires a court that elects to order the release of persons on probation pursuant to this provision to release persons on probation on their own recognizance pending a formal revocation hearing absent a finding by clear and convincing evidence that conditions of release are required by the individual circumstances of the case to reasonably protect the public and provide reasonable assurance of the person's future appearance in court. The court shall not require the use of any algorithm-based risk assessment tool in setting conditions of release.	Government Use
California	A 1468	Prior Authorization	Pending	Requires a health care service plan or health insurer that implements an automated prior authorization system to use evidence-based clinical guidelines to program the system and to make the algorithms used for the system available for download on the plan's or insurer's provider internet website.	Health Use
Colorado	S 169	Restrict Insurers Use of External Consumer Data	Enacted	Concerns protecting consumers from unfair discrimination in insurance practices.	Private Sector Use; Responsible Use
Connecticut	None
Delaware	None
District of Columbia	None
Florida	H 1383	Maternal Health Care Services	Failed	Relates to maternal health care services, requires Department of Health to establish certain grant programs and provide certain assistance to eligible entities and grant recipients, provides reporting requirements for grant recipients and the department, requires the department, in consultation with the Office of Program Policy Analysis and Government Accountability to conduct a study on the use of technology to reduce preventable maternal mortality and severe maternal morbidity and eliminate racial and ethnic disparities in maternal health outcomes in this state. The study must assess current and future uses of artificial intelligence technologies in maternal health care.	Health Use; Studies
Florida	S 1556	Maternal Health Care Services	Failed	Relates to maternal health care services, requires Department of Health to establish certain grant programs and provide certain assistance to eligible entities and grant recipients, provides reporting requirements for grant recipients and the department, requires the department, in consultation with the Office of Program Policy Analysis and Government Accountability to conduct a study on the use of technology to reduce preventable maternal mortality and severe maternal morbidity and eliminate racial and ethnic disparities in maternal health outcomes in this state. The study must assess current and future uses of artificial intelligence technologies in maternal health care.	Health Use; Studies
Florida	S 2500	Appropriations	Enacted	Relates to appropriations, includes funding for the Department of Health for the development of an artificial intelligence customer service solution.	Appropriations; Government Use
Georgia	None
Guam	None
Hawaii	H 454	Taxation	Failed – Adjourned	Establishes an income tax credit for investment in qualified businesses that develop cybersecurity and artificial intelligence.	Private Sector
Hawaii	SCR 84	Hawaii Technology Development Corporation	Failed – Adjourned	Requests the Hawaii Technology Development Corporation and Leeward Community College to study the feasibility of establishing technology academy programs at Aiea High School and Pearl City High School.	Education/Training
Hawaii	SR 64	Hawaii Technology Development Corporation	Failed – Adjourned	Requests the Hawaii Technology Development Corporation and Leeward Community College to study the feasibility of establishing technology academy programs at Aiea High School and Pearl City High School.	Education/Training
Idaho	None
Illinois	H 53	Artificial Intelligence Video Interviews	Enacted	Amends the Artificial Intelligence Video Interview Act, provides that employers that rely solely upon artificial intelligence to determine whether an applicant will qualify for an in-person interview must gather and report certain demographic information to the Department of Commerce and Economic Opportunity, requires the department to analyze the data and report to the governor and General Assembly whether the data discloses a racial bias in the use of artificial intelligence.	Private Sector
Illinois	H 69	Hospital Diagnostic Algorithms	Failed – Adjourned	Amends the University of Illinois Hospital Act and the Hospital Licensing Act; provides that before using any diagnostic algorithm to diagnose a patient, a hospital must first confirm that the diagnostic algorithm has been certified by the Department of Public Health and the Department of Innovation and Technology, has been shown to achieve as or more accurate diagnostic results than other diagnostic means, and is not the only method of diagnosis available to a patient.	Health Use
Illinois	H 645	Future of Work Act	Enacted	Creates the Future of Work Act; creates the Future of Work Task Force; provides for the duties and responsibilities of the task force; provides for the membership and meetings of the task force; provides that members of the task force shall serve without compensation; provides that the Department of Commerce and Economic Opportunity shall provide administrative support to the task force.	Effect on Labor/Employment; Studies
Illinois	H 1206	Artificial Intelligence Video Interview Act	Failed – Adjourned	Amends the Artificial Intelligence Video Interview Act; makes a technical change in a section concerning the short title.	Private Sector Use
Illinois	H 1811	Equal Pay Act	Pending	Amends the Equal Pay Act and the Consumer Fraud and Deceptive Business Practices Act; provides that when using predictive data analytics in determining creditworthiness or in making hiring decisions, the use of predictive data analytics may not include information that correlates with the race or ZIP code of the applicant for credit or employment; amends the Human Rights Act; provides that nothing in the Act shall be construed to prevent the use of predictive data analytics for specified purposes.	Private Sector Use
Illinois	H 2947	Insurance Compliance Division	Failed – Adjourned	Amends the Department of Insurance Law of the Civil Administrative Code of by transferring all powers, duties, rights, responsibilities, personnel, books, records, papers, documents, property, contracts, causes of action, and pending business of the Insurance Compliance Division within the Workers' Compensation Commission to the Department of Insurance. Deletes requirement for the fraud and insurance non-compliance unit to procure and implement a system utilizing advanced analytics inclusive of predictive modeling, data mining, social network analysis, and scoring algorithms for the detection and prevention of fraud, waste, and abuse on or before Jan. 1, 2012.	Government Use
Illinois	S 252	Department of Commerce and Economic Opportunity Law	Failed – Adjourned	Amends the Department of Commerce and Economic Opportunity Law of the Civil Administrative Code; creates the Innovation, Automation, and Structural Pilot Program to be implemented and administered by the Department of Commerce and Economic Opportunity; specifies the purpose of the program; provides program qualification requirements; provides program certification requirements; provides for the adoption of rules.	Effect on Labor/Employment
Illinois	S 838	Artificial Intelligence Video Interview Act Amendment	Failed – Adjourned	Amends the Artificial Intelligence Video Interview Act; makes a technical change in a section concerning the short title.	Private Sector Use
Illinois	S 1333	Artificial Intelligence Video Interview Act	Failed – Adjourned	Amends the Artificial Intelligence Video Interview Act; makes a technical change in a section concerning the short title.	Private Sector Use
Illinois	S 1773	Innovation, Automation, and Structural Pilot Program	Failed – Adjourned	Amends the Department of Commerce and Economic Opportunity Law of the Civil Administrative Code; creates the Innovation, Automation, and Structural Pilot Program to be implemented and administered by the Department of Commerce and Economic Opportunity; specifies the purpose of the Program; provides Program qualification requirements; provides Program certification requirements; provides for the adoption of rules; specifies the duration of the Program; repeals provisions on specified date.	Effect on Labor/Employment
Illinois	S 1993	Workers Compensation Commission	Enacted	Amends the Department of Insurance Law of the Civil Administrative Code by transferring all powers, duties, rights, responsibilities, personnel, books, records, papers, documents, property, contracts, causes of action, and pending business of the Insurance Compliance Division within the Workers' Compensation Commission to the Department of Insurance. Deletes requirement for the fraud and insurance non-compliance unit to procure and implement a system utilizing advanced analytics inclusive of predictive modeling, data mining, social network analysis, and scoring algorithms for the detection and prevention of fraud, waste, and abuse on or before Jan. 1, 2012.	Government Use
Illinois	S 2481	Future of Work Task Force	Failed – Adjourned	Creates the Future of Work Act, creates the Future of Work Task Force, provides for the duties and responsibilities of the task force, provides for the membership and meetings of the task force, provides that members of the task force shall serve without compensation, provides that the Department of Commerce and Economic Opportunity shall provide administrative support to the task force, requires the task force to submit a final report to the governor and the General Assembly no later than a specified date.	Effect on Labor/Employment
Indiana	None
Iowa	H 2270	Powers and Duties Applicable to State of Disaster	Failed – Adjourned	Relates to powers and duties applicable to state of disaster emergencies and public health disasters. Prohibits the use of any drones, unmanned aerial vehicles, advanced robotics, or any artificial intelligence-based systems to enforce the proclamation.	Government Use
Kansas	None
Kentucky	None
Louisiana	None
Maine	H 1199, Special Session	Equity in Policy Making	Pending	Establishes data governance program; provides that the secretary of state, or the secretary’s designee, and the chief information officer shall consult with the Permanent Commission on the Status of Racial, Indigenous and Tribal Populations and the state archivist; appropriates funds.	Government Use
Maryland	H 502	Prosecution Information	Failed	Requires each office of the state's attorney to collect and disclose certain information relating to prosecutions and office policies to the Governor's Office of Crime Prevention, Youth, and Victim Services; requires the office to determine the manner in which the state's attorneys transmit and publish certain information; requires the office to publish online certain information in a certain manner.	Government Use
Maryland	H 658	Digital Economy Workgroup	Enacted	Establishes the Workgroup to Study the Transformation of Manufacturing in Maryland's Emerging Digital Economy; provides for the composition, chair, and staffing of the work group; requires the work group to study and make recommendations regarding certain matters relating to the state's current and future workforce and emerging digital economy; requires the work group to submit an interim and a final report to the governor and the General Assembly on or before certain dates.	Effect on Labor/Employment; Studies
Maryland	H 1323	Algorithmic Decision Systems	Failed – Adjourned	Requires a state unit to purchase a product or service that is or contains an algorithmic decision system that adheres to responsible artificial intelligence standards; specifies content included in responsible artificial intelligence standards as avoidance of harm, commitment to transparency and fairness, and an evaluation of the system's impact and potential risks.	Government Use; Responsible Use
Maryland	S 444	Emerging Digital Economy Study	Enacted	Establishes the Workgroup to Study the Transformation of Manufacturing in State's Emerging Digital Economy; provides for the composition, chair, and staffing of the workgroup; prohibits a member of the workgroup from receiving certain compensation, but authorizing the reimbursement of certain expenses; requires the workgroup to study and make recommendations regarding certain matters relating to the state's current and future workforce and emerging digital economy.	Effect on Labor/Employment; Studies
Maryland	S 456	Attorney Information	Failed – Adjourned	Requires each office of the state's attorney to collect and disclose certain information relating to prosecutions and office policies to the Governor's Office of Crime Prevention, Youth, and Victim Services; requires the office to determine the manner in which the state's attorneys transmit and publish certain information; requires the office to publish online certain information in a certain manner.	Government Use
Massachusetts	H 119	State Agency Automated Decision-Making	Pending	Relates to state agency automated decision-making, artificial intelligence, transparency, fairness, and individual rights.	Government Use
Massachusetts	H 136	Data Privacy	Pending	Relates to data privacy. Creates the Massachusetts Data Accountability and Transparency Agency.	Impact Assessment; Oversight/Governance; Private Sector Use; Responsible Use
Massachusetts	H 142	Consumer Data Privacy	Pending	Relates to consumer data privacy. Requires disclosure of the use of automated decision making.	Notification; Private Sector Use
Massachusetts	H 4029	Algorithmic Accountability and Bias Prevention	Pending	Relates to algorithmic accountability and bias prevention in the protection of consumers.	Impact Assessment; Oversight/Governance; Private Sector Use; Responsible Use
Massachusetts	H 4152	Personal Data Protection	Pending	Requires data controllers to disclose the existence of automated decision-making, including profiling and to provide meaningful information about the logic involved, as well as the significance and the predicted consequences of the processing for the data subject.	Private Sector Use
Massachusetts	S 46	Massachusetts Information Privacy Act	Pending	Establishes the Massachusetts Information Privacy Act. Requires disclosure of the use of automated decision making.	Notification; Private Sector Use
Massachusetts	S 60	Transparency and Use of Artificial Intelligence	Pending	Establishes a commission on transparency and use of artificial intelligence in government decision-making.	Government Use; Oversight/Governance; Studies
Michigan	H 4439	Computer System Algorithm Review	Failed – Adjourned	Requires review of computer system algorithms and logic formulas used by the unemployment security agency.	Government Use
Minnesota	None
Mississippi	H 633	Computer Science Curriculum	Enacted	Creates the Mississippi Computer Science and Cyber Education Equality Act; authorizes and directs the Mississippi Department of Education to implement a mandatory K-12 computer science curriculum based on the Mississippi College and Career Readiness Standards for computer science, which includes instruction in, but not limited to, computational thinking, cyber related, programming, cyber security, data science, artificial intelligence, robotics and other computer science and cyber related content.	Education/Training
Missouri	H 581	21st Century Missouri Education Task Force	Failed – Adjourned	Establishes the 21st-Century Missouri Education Task Force.	Education/Training
Missouri	H 1254	Technology Task Force	Failed – Adjourned	Establishes the Missouri Technology Task Force.	Government Use; Studies
Montana	None
Nebraska	None
Nevada	S 110	Emerging Technologies Task Force	Failed	Relates to technology; creates the Emerging Technologies Task Force within the Department of Business and Industry; prescribes the membership, powers and duties of the task force; authorizes the director of the department to create an Opportunity Center for Emerging Technology Businesses as part of the Office of Business Finance and Planning of the Department; provides other matters properly relating thereto.	Effect on Labor/Employment; Studies
New Hampshire	None
New Jersey	A 195	Artificial Intelligence Economic Growth Study	Failed – Adjourned	Requires commissioner of Labor and Workforce Development to conduct a study and issue a report on the impact of artificial intelligence on economic growth.	Effect on Labor/Employment Studies
New Jersey	A 2614	21st Century Integrated Digital Experience Act	Failed – Adjourned	Creates the 21st Century Integrated Digital Experience Act, requires each state agency to develop and submit an information technology modernization and improvement plan each year, requires the chief technology officer to evaluate on an annual basis the feasibility of using artificial intelligence, machine learning, and commercial cloud computing services to provide public services.	Government Use
New Jersey	A 5651	Automobile Insurers Automated Underwriting System	Failed – Adjourned	Requires automobile insurers to provide policyholders with annual documentation demonstrating no discriminatory outcomes with insurer's automated underwriting system.	Private Sector Use
New Jersey	A 5969	Build Back Better Fund	Failed – Adjourned	Establishes Build Back Better Fund in Economic Development Authority for certain manufacturing business assistance; creates and funds two business assistance programs in state Redevelopment Authority; appropriates specified amount. Includes artificial intelligence in definition of targeted industries.	Effect on Labor/Employment
New Jersey	S 2723	21st Century Integrated Digital Experience Act	Enacted	Concerns the 21st Century Integrated Digital Experience Act.	Government Use
New Mexico	None
New York	A 680	NY Privacy Act	Pending	Enacts the NY privacy act to require companies to disclose their methods of de-identifying personal information, to place special safeguards around data sharing and to allow consumers to obtain the names of all entities with whom their information is shared; creates a special account to fund a new office of privacy and data protection.	Private Sector Use
New York	A 2414	Commission on the Future of Work	Failed – Adjourned	Establishes the Commission on the Future of Work within the Department of Labor to research and understand the impact of technology on workers, employers, and the economy of the state; requires such commission to submit a report along with any recommendations for legislative action to the governor and the legislature.	Effect on Labor/Employment; Studies
New York	A 3082	Motor Vehicle Insurers	Failed – Adjourned	Prohibits motor vehicle insurers from discrimination on the basis of socioeconomic factors in determining algorithms used to construct actuarial tables, coverage terms, premiums and or rates.	Private Sector Use
New York	A 6042	Digital Fairness Act	Failed – Adjourned	Enacts the "Digital Fairness Act."	Impact Assessments; Government Use; Private Sector Use; Studies
New York	A 7244	Sale of Automated Employment Decision Tools	Pending	Establishes criteria for the sale of automated employment decision tools.	Private Sector Use
New York	S 5904	Motor Vehicle Insurers	Failed – Adjourned	Prohibits motor vehicle insurers from discrimination on the basis of socioeconomic factors in determining algorithms used to construct actuarial tables, coverage terms, premiums and/or rates.	Private Sector Use
New York	S 6701	New York Privacy Act	Pending	Relates to the management and oversight of personal data; provides that each controller that processes a consumer’s personal data must make publicly and persistently available, in a conspicuous and readily accessible manner, a notice containing specified information.	Private Sector Use
New York	S 6852	Sale of Automated Employment Decision Tools	Failed – Adjourned	Establishes criteria for the sale of automated employment decision tools and provides a civil penalty for violations of such criteria.	Private Sector Use
North Carolina	H 245	Efficient Government Buildings & Savings Act	Failed – Adjourned	Saves North Carolina taxpayer dollars by requiring reductions in energy and water consumption in public buildings by a certain year; provides for authority and duties of the Department of Environmental Quality to develop a utility use management program for state agencies and state institutions of higher learning; amends energy and water use standards for public major facility construction and renovation projects; provides for verification and reporting of energy and water use.	Government Use
North Carolina	H 937	Body Worn Camera Recordings	Failed – Adjourned	Requires the automatic analysis of police body-worn camera recordings to flag certain behavior using natural language technologies and improve officer training; appropriates funds.	Government Use
North Carolina	S 600	Study Committee on Automation and the Workforce	Failed – Adjourned	Establishes the Study Committee on Automation and the Workforce.	Effect on Labor/Employment; Studies
North Dakota	None
N. Mariana Islands	Not available
Ohio	H 110	Biennium Operation Budget	Enacted	Requires the Department of Medicaid to establish the Medicaid Cost Assurance Pilot Program during FY 2022 and FY 2023. The pilot program shall be available to enrollees who qualify for Medicaid as part of the expansion eligibility group. The pilot program shall use automation and artificial intelligence to provide Medicaid program savings by avoiding traditional cost structures.	Government Use; Health Use
Oklahoma	HJR 1006	Skimmer Box Algorithms	Failed – Adjourned	Directs the secretary of state to refer to the people for their approval or rejection a proposed amendment to the Constitution of the state of Oklahoma by adding new sections; requires enactment of laws related to Skinner Box algorithms; prohibits censorship; removes certain immunity.	Private Sector Use
Oregon	H 3284	Collecting, Using or Disclosing Personal Data	Enacted	Prohibits a covered organization from collecting, using or disclosing personal health data about a resident individual who has not given affirmative express consent, unless in the context of an employment relationship, to comply with legal obligation, unless personal health data was lawfully available to the public, unless data was collected before an emergency period for reasons other than tracking, monitoring or tracing a resident’s exposure to or infection by COVID 19, or if such data is deidentified.	Health Use; Private Sector Use
Pennsylvania	H 1338	Automated Decision Systems Task Force	Failed – Adjourned	Establishes the Automated Decision Systems Task Force.	Government Use; Responsible Use; Studies
Pennsylvania	SR 144	Commission on Education and Economic Competitiveness	Failed – Adjourned	Establishes the Commission on Education and Economic Competitiveness.	Education/Training; Studies
Puerto Rico	None
Rhode Island	H 5612	Consumer Protection in Eye Care Act	Failed – Adjourned	Provides for consumer protection in eye care services by developing standards and enforcement protocols related to the utilization of assessment mechanisms, including artificial intelligence devices, in the provision of eye care services.	Health Use
Rhode Island	S 483	Consumer Protection in Eye Care Act	Failed – Adjourned	Provides for consumer protection in eye care services by developing standards and enforcement protocols related to the use of assessment mechanisms, including artificial intelligence devices, in the provision of eye care services.	Health Use
A. Samoa	Not available
South Carolina	None
South Dakota	None
Tennessee	H 214	Agriculture	Failed – Adjourned	Creates an advisory task force of farmers and foresters to lead a strategic planning process and resulting implementation plan to position this state as a leading hub for AgTech and value-added agriculture; requires a report to the General Assembly no later than a specified date.	Private Sector Use; Studies
Tennessee	S 875	Agriculture	Failed – Adjourned	Creates an advisory task force of farmers and foresters to lead a strategic planning process and resulting implementation plan to position this state as a leading hub for AgTech and value-added agriculture; requires a report to the General Assembly no later than a specified date.	Private Sector Use; Studies
Texas	H 2095	Water Research Conducted by University Bureau	Failed – Adjourned	Relates to water research conducted by the University of Texas Bureau of Economic Geology.	Studies
Texas	H 3493	Prevention and Early Intervention Services	Failed – Adjourned	Relates to prevention and early intervention services by the Department of Family and Protective Services. The department may not use data techniques, including predictive analytics, risk-based modeling, and other similar assessments, to: (1) identify or target services under this section to a specific family or individual; or (2) diagnose the health of or assess the health risks to an individual without the individual's consent to take part in a diagnosis or assessment.	Government Use
Texas	H 3892	Matters Concerning Governmental Entities	Failed – Adjourned	Relates to matters concerning governmental entities, including cybersecurity, governmental efficiencies, information resources and emergency planning.	Elections; Government Use; Studies
Texas	S 1528	Department of Family and Protective Services	Failed – Adjourned	Relates to prevention and early intervention services by the Department of Family and Protective Services. The department may not use data techniques, including predictive analytics, risk-based modeling, and other similar assessments, to: (1) identify or target services under this section to a specific family or individual; or (2) diagnose the health of or assess the health risks to an individual without the individual's consent to take part in a diagnosis or assessment.	Government Use
Utah	None
Vermont	H 263	Automated Decision System Procurement and Use	Failed – Adjourned	Relates to state development, use, and procurement of automated decision systems.	Government Use; Responsible Use
Vermont	H 410	Artificial Intelligence Commission	Pending	Creates the Artificial Intelligence Commission to support the ethical use and development of artificial intelligence in the state; relates to the use and oversight of artificial intelligence in state government.	Government Use; Oversight/Governance; Responsible Use; Studies
Vermont	H 429	State-used Software Bias Advisory Group	Failed – Adjourned	Establishes an advisory group to address bias in state-used software.	Government Use
Virginia	H 2154	Hospitals and Nursing Facilities	Enacted	Relates to hospitals, nursing homes, and certified nursing facilities; regulations; provides that patient access to intelligent personal assistant; directs the Board of Health to amend regulations governing hospitals, nursing homes, and certified nursing facilities to require hospitals to allow a patient to access and use an intelligent personal assistant while receiving inpatient services.	Health Use
U.S. Virgin Islands	None
Washington	H 1127	Privacy and Security of Health Data	Vetoed	Protects the privacy and security of COVID-19 health data collected by entities other than public health agencies, health care providers, and health care facilities. A covered organization may not collect, use, or disclose COVID-19 health data for any purpose not authorized in this act, including commercial advertising, recommendation for e-commerce, or the training of machine-learning algorithms related to, or subsequently for use in, commercial advertising or e-commerce.	Health Use; Private Sector Use
Washington	H 1433	Charter of Peoples Personal Data Rights	Failed – Adjourned	Creates a charter of people's personal data rights. Includes use of artificial intelligence-enabled profiling as an unlawful discriminatory practice.	Private Sector Use
Washington	S 5092	Fiscal Biennium Operating Appropriations	Enacted	Makes 2021-2023 fiscal biennium operating appropriations, including appropriations solely for the office of the chief information officer who must convene a work group to examine how automated decision-making systems can best be reviewed before adoption and while in operation and be periodically audited to ensure that such systems are fair, transparent, accountable and do not improperly advantage or disadvantage Washington residents.	Appropriations; Audit; Government Use; Studies
Washington	S 5116	Guidelines for Government Procurement	Pending	Establishes guidelines for government procurement and use of automated decision systems to protect consumers, improve transparency, and create more market predictability.	Government Use
West Virginia	H 2644	Free Trade Business Technology Property Valuation	Failed – Adjourned	Relates to the Innovation Free Trade Business Technology Property Valuation Act and the West Virginia Innovation Free Trade Tax Credit Act.	Effect on Labor/Employment
West Virginia	H 2760	Economic Development Incentive Tax Credits	Enacted	Relates to economic development incentive tax credits; authorizes credit for the creation of a specified number of jobs under certain circumstances; terminates small business credit after a certain date; eliminates credit to business franchise tax; authorizes certain manufacturing activities to qualify for high technology manufacturing tax credit; limits certain multiple tax credits for the same qualified investment; eliminates prevailing wage requirement for certain additional credit.	Effect on Labor/Employment
West Virginia	S 447	Economic Incentive Tax Credits	Failed – Adjourned	Relates to economic incentive tax credits.	Effect on Labor/Employment
Wisconsin	None
Wyoming	None

2020 Legislation

Artificial intelligence bills or resolutions were introduced in at least 13 states in 2020, and enacted in Alabama, Maryland, Massachusetts, New York and Utah. The Utah legislation creates a deep technology talent initiative within higher education. "Deep technology" is defined as technology that leads to new products and innovations based on scientific discovery or meaningful engineering innovation, including those related to artificial intelligence.

State	Bill Number	Bill Title	Bill Status	Bill Summary	Category
Alabama	H 187	Public Education Appropriations	Enacted	Makes appropriations for the support, maintenance and development of public education in the state, for debt service, and for capital outlay for the upcoming fiscal year, including funds for artificial intelligence, cybersecurity and STEM enhancements.	Appropriations; Education/Training
Alabama	SJR 62	Recognition Resolution	Failed – Adjourned	Recognizes the technology industry and emerging technology job sectors', impact on state's economy.	Effect on Labor/Employment
Alaska	None
Arizona	H 2156	Criminal Justice Data	Failed – Adjourned	Relates to criminal justice data; relates to reporting requirements. Requires prosecutors to disclose in a report whether a risk assessment or other algorithm-based or quantitative tool was used in determining whether to order pretrial detention and the amount of bail or bond, or both.	Government Use
Arizona	H 2634	Criminal Justice Data	Failed – Adjourned	Relates to criminal justice data; relates to reporting requirements. Requires prosecutors to disclose in a report whether a risk assessment or other algorithm-based or quantitative tool was used in determining whether to order pretrial detention and the amount of bail or bond, or both.	Government Use
Arkansas	None
California	A 459	Artificial Intelligence in State Government Services	Failed	Requires the Artificial Intelligence in State Government Services Commission to report to the Legislature on the Commission's recommended minimum standards for the use of artificial intelligence that includes specified information, including fostering accountability in state government services, and prioritizing the safety and security of artificial intelligence technologies used by state government.	Studies
California	A 976	Artificial Intelligence in State Government	Failed	Establishes in state government the Artificial Intelligence in State Government Services Commission comprised of eight members and requires the advisory commission to annually convene a public process to gather input on how artificial intelligence and data science could be used to improve state services. Requires the commission to propose a plan for soliciting artificial intelligence and data science related demonstration projects for critical state services.	Government Use; Oversight/Governance; Studies
California	A 1576	Secretary of Government Operations: Working Group	Failed	Requires the secretary of government operations to appoint participants to an artificial intelligence working group. Requires the composition of the working group to be representative of California's demographic and cultural diversity. Requires the working group to evaluate the uses, risks, benefits, and legal implications associated with the development and deployment of artificial intelligence by California-based businesses.	Studies
California	A 2269	Personal Rights: Automated Decision Systems	Failed	Enacts the Automated Decision Systems Accountability Act of 2020. Requires a business in California that provides a person with a program or device that uses an automated decision system (ADS) to take affirmative steps to ensure processes are in place to continually test for biases during the development and usage of the ADS and conduct an ADS impact assessment on its program or device to determine whether the ADS has a disproportionate adverse impact on a protected class.	Impact Assessment; Private Sector Use; Responsible Use
California	ACR 125	Bias and Discrimination in Hiring Reduction	Failed	Urges policymakers in both federal and state government to explore ways to promote the development and use of new technologies to reduce bias and discrimination in hiring and help reduce discrimination in employment in the state.	Effect on Labor/Employment
California	S 348	Department of Technology: DMV: Artificial Intelligence	Failed	Requires the director of technology to devise a strategic plan designed to aid departments and agencies with the incorporation of artificial intelligence into state information technology strategic plans, policies, standards, and enterprise architecture to improve state services. Encourages the governor to appoint a special adviser on artificial intelligence to create a statewide strategic plan to utilize artificial technology to improve state services.	Government Use; Oversight/Governance
California	S 444	UC Pro Se Indigent Litigant Research Program	Failed	Authorizes the University's Berkeley and Irvine law schools, in consultation with the superior courts of the Counties of Alameda and Orange, to participate in a research program to develop artificial intelligence or machine learning solutions to address issues of access to justice faced by pro se indigent litigants who are residents of those counties.	Government Use
California	S 752	State Master Plan on Tech Equity	Failed	Creates the Commission on Tech Equity to convene a public process to gather input and to understand the economic, social, workplace, and technological landscape of innovation and technology in the state. Creates the Joint Legislative Committee on the State Master Plan on Tech Equity to develop and implement the State Master Plan on Tech Equity.	Studies
Colorado	None
Connecticut	None
Delaware	None
District of Columbia	None
Florida	H 4145	Appropriations Project	Failed	Provides an appropriation for the University of Florida Center for Application of Artificial Intelligence.	Appropriations
Georgia	H 1004	Higher Education Income Tax Credits	Failed – Adjourned	Relates to imposition, rate, and computation and exemptions regarding income taxes; provides for income tax credits for higher education for the Fort Gordon Cyber Security and Information Technology Innovation Corridor and the Savannah Logistics Technology Innovation Corridor; provides for definitions; provides for applicability and eligibility; provides for limitations; provides for related matters; repeals conflicting laws.	Education/Training
Guam	None
Hawaii	H 1685	Cybersecurity Tax Credits	Failed – Adjourned	Establishes an income tax credit for investment in qualified businesses that develop cybersecurity and artificial intelligence.	Private Sector Use
Hawaii	S 2239	Office of the Prosecuting Attorney	Failed – Adjourned	Requires the offices of the prosecuting attorney of the respective counties to collect and publish certain data relating to criminal defendants and prosecutorial decision-making; requires governor to establish a prosecutorial transparency advisory board.	Government Use
Idaho	None
Illinois	H 3415	Creditworthiness Predictive Data Analytics	Failed – Adjourned	Amends the Equal Pay Act and the Consumer Fraud and Deceptive Business Practices Act; provides that when using predictive data analytics in determining creditworthiness or in making hiring decisions, the use of predictive data analytics may not include information that correlates with the race or zip code of the applicant for credit or employment.	Private Sector Use
Illinois	H 3662	Diagnostic Algorithm Use in Hospitals	Failed – Adjourned	Amends the University of Illinois Hospital Act and the Hospital Licensing Act; provides that before using any diagnostic algorithm to diagnose a patient, a hospital must first confirm that the diagnostic algorithm has been certified by the Department of Public Health and the Department of Innovation and Technology, has been shown to achieve as or more accurate diagnostic results than other diagnostic means, and is not the only method of diagnosis available to a patient.	Health Use
Illinois	H 4547	Election Code	Failed – Adjourned	Amends the Election Code; requires a covered website that implements a politically biased algorithm to file a report with the State Board of Elections that includes the candidate, political party, or question the algorithm was design to promote or defeat and other information; imposes a civil penalty on a covered website that fails to report; allows the State Board of Elections to adopt rules necessary to implement the provisions.	Elections
Illinois	H 4977	Artificial Intelligence Video Interview Act	Failed – Adjourned	Amends the Artificial Intelligence Video Interview Act; provides that employers that rely solely upon artificial intelligence to determine whether an applicant will qualify for an in-person interview must gather and report certain demographic information to the Department of Commerce and Economic Opportunity; requires the department to analyze the data and report to the governor and General Assembly whether the data discloses a racial bias in the use of artificial intelligence.	Private Sector Use; Responsible Use
Illinois	H 5878	Future of Work Act	Failed – Adjourned	Creates the Future of Work Act; creates the Future of Work Task Force; provides for the duties and responsibilities of the task force; provides for the membership and meetings of the task force; provides that members of the task force shall serve without compensation; provides that the Department of Commerce and Economic Opportunity shall provide administrative support to the task force; requires the task force to submit a final report to the governor and the General Assembly no later than a specified date.	Effect on Labor/Employment
Illinois	HJR 109	Airport Noise Monitoring Technology	Failed – Adjourned	States the belief that O'Hare International Airport's noise monitoring technology should be coupled with artificial-intelligence software to match the noises perceived by each station at each time to specific individual flight operations and the operations of individual airlines and to gauge the compliance of each individual airline firm with the guidelines set down in the Fly Quiet Program.	Private Sector Use
Illinois	S 2704	Artificial Intelligence Video Interview Act	Failed – Adjourned	Amends the Artificial Intelligence Video Interview Act; makes a technical change in a section concerning the short title.	Private Sector Use
Illinois	S 2855	Artificial Intelligence Video Interview Act	Failed – Adjourned	Amends the Artificial Intelligence Video Interview Act; makes a technical change in a section concerning the short title.	Private Sector Use
Illinois	S 4033	Future of Work Task Force	Failed – Adjourned	Creates the Future of Work Act; creates the Future of Work Task Force; provides for the duties and responsibilities of the task force; provides for the membership and meetings of the task force; provides that members of the task force shall serve without compensation; provides that the Department of Commerce and Economic Opportunity shall provide administrative support to the task force.	Effect on Labor/Employment
Indiana	None
Iowa	None
Kansas	None
Kentucky	None
Louisiana	None
Maine	None
Maryland	H 49	Pretrial Risk Assessment Instruments	Enacted	Requires a jurisdiction that uses an instrument to assist in determining the eligibility for pretrial release of an individual charged with a crime to have an independent validation study of the instrument conducted within a certain time period; makes an independent validation study eligible for certain grant funding.	Government Use
Maryland	H 804	Emerging Digital Economy Workgroup	Failed	Establishes the Workgroup to Study Maryland's Emerging Digital Economy; provides for the composition, chair, and staffing of the workgroup; requires the workgroup to study and make recommendations regarding certain matters relating to the state's current and future workforce and emerging digital economy; requires the workgroup to report its findings and recommendations to the General Assembly by a specified date.	Effect on Labor/Employment; Studies
Maryland	S 68	Pretrial Risk Assessment Instruments	Failed – Adjourned	Relates to Pretrial Risk Assessment Instruments.	Government Use
Maryland	S 369	Emerging Digital Economy Study	Failed – Adjourned	Recognizes that manufacturers will need to partner with industry leaders, education stakeholders and others to explore new solutions to a global digital technology transformation the Workgroup to Study Maryland's Emerging Digital Economy is established to study and make recommendations on the State's entry into Industry 4.0 technology; provides for the composition, chair, and staffing of the workgroup; requires the workgroup to report its findings and recommendations to the General Assembly.	Effect on Labor/Employment; Studies
Massachusetts	H 2701	State Agency Automated Decision Making	Failed – Adjourned	Relates to state agency automated decision making, artificial intelligence, transparency, fairness, and individual rights.	Government Use; Studies
Massachusetts	H 4529	Partnerships for Growth	Failed – Adjourned	Enables partnerships for growth. Establishes a fund to be known as the Technology Research and Development and Innovation Fund. The fund shall be administered to support technology and innovation ecosystems through grants or loans to eligible participants to pay or reimburse eligible capital costs of facilities that foster innovation, demonstration, research and product development in emerging technologies and systems, with preference given to sectors identified by the corporation as of strategic importance to the commonwealth, including but not limited to artificial intelligence, robotics, quantum computing, advanced manufacturing, cyber security, financial technology, blockchain and marine technologies.	Private Sector Use
Massachusetts	H 4733	General Commonwealth Government Financing	Failed – Adjourned	Finances the general governmental infrastructure of the commonwealth. Appropriates funds for an artificial intelligence system for email security in the town of Belmont.	Government Use
Massachusetts	H 4854	Partnerships for Growth	Failed – Adjourned	Enables partnerships for growth. Establishes a fund to be known as the Technology Research and Development and Innovation Fund. The fund shall be administered to support technology and innovation ecosystems through grants or loans to eligible participants to pay or reimburse eligible capital costs of facilities that foster innovation, demonstration, research and product development in emerging technologies and systems, with preference given to sectors identified by the corporation as of strategic importance to the commonwealth, including but not limited to artificial intelligence, robotics, quantum computing, advanced manufacturing, cyber security, financial technology, blockchain and marine technologies.	Private Sector Use
Massachusetts	H 4874	Partnerships for Growth	Failed – Adjourned	Enables partnerships for growth. Establishes a fund to be known as the Technology Research and Development and Innovation Fund. The fund shall be administered to support technology and innovation ecosystems through grants or loans to eligible participants to pay or reimburse eligible capital costs of facilities that foster innovation, demonstration, research and product development in emerging technologies and systems, with preference given to sectors identified by the corporation as of strategic importance to the commonwealth, including but not limited to artificial intelligence, robotics, quantum computing, advanced manufacturing, cyber security, financial technology, blockchain and marine technologies.	Private Sector Use
Massachusetts	H 4932	General Commonwealth Government Financing	Enacted	Finances the general governmental infrastructure of the commonwealth. Appropriates funds for an artificial intelligence system for email security in the town of Belmont.	Government Use
Massachusetts	H 5250	Partnerships for Growth	Enacted	Enables partnerships for growth; provides for a program of economic development and job creation. Creates a special commission to conduct a comprehensive study relative to the impact of automation, artificial intelligence, global trade, access to new forms of data and the internet of things on the workforce, businesses and economy. The main objective of the commission shall be to ensure sustainable jobs, fair benefits and workplace safety standards for workers in all industries, including, but not limited to, access to adequate and affordable health insurance, financial security in retirement, unemployment insurance and disability insurance.	Effect on Labor/Employment; Studies
Massachusetts	S 210	Massachusetts Future of Work Commission	Failed – Adjourned	Establishes the Massachusetts future of work commission.	Effect on Labor/Employment; Studies
Massachusetts	S 2842	Partnerships for Growth	Failed – Adjourned	Enables partnerships for growth.	Private Sector Use
Massachusetts	S 2874	Partnerships for Growth	Failed – Adjourned	Enables partnerships for growth.	Private Sector Use
Michigan	None
Minnesota	None
Mississippi	None
Missouri	H 2387	21st-Century Missouri Education Task Force	Failed – Adjourned	Establishes the 21st-Century Missouri Education Task Force. The mission of the task force includes making recommendations regarding the use of technology and artificial intelligence to improve student outcomes and to inform future educational needs in relation to workforce development to maximize the impact of the Missouri public education system regarding future employment opportunities including, but not limited to, manufacturing, trades, STEM fields, and agriculture.	Education/Training
Montana	No regular 2020 session
Nebraska	None
Nevada	No regular 2020 session
New Hampshire	None
New Jersey	A 195	Artificial Intelligence Economic Growth Study	Pending	Requires commissioner of Labor and Workforce Development to conduct a study and issue a report on the impact of artificial intelligence on economic growth.	Effect on Labor/Employment Studies
New Jersey	A 2172	Edison Innovation Science and Technology Fund	Failed – Adjourned	Establishes Edison Innovation Science and Technology Fund in Economic Development Authority to provide grants for certain science and technology-based university research, appropriates a specified amount.	Education/Training
New Jersey	A 2614	21st Century Integrated Digital Experience Act	Pending	Creates the 21st Century Integrated Digital Experience Act, requires each state agency to develop and submit an information technology modernization and improvement plan each year, requires the chief technology officer to evaluate on an annual basis the feasibility of using artificial intelligence, machine learning, and commercial cloud computing services to provide public services.	Government Use
New Jersey	A 4382	Economic Redevelopment and Growth Programs	Failed – Adjourned	Revises Grow New Jersey Assistance Program and Economic Redevelopment and Growth Grant Program; creates Chief Compliance Officer in Economic Development Authority; establishes Food Desert Elimination Program, Transformative Project Incentive Program, and Community Anchored Development Program. Includes artificial intelligence in definition of targeted industries.	Effect on Labor/Employment
New Jersey	S 1943	Automated Decision System Discrimination	Failed – Adjourned	Prohibits certain discrimination by automated decision systems.	Private Sector Use
New Jersey	S 2723	21st Century Integrated Digital Experience Act	Pending	Concerns the 21st Century Integrated Digital Experience Act.	Government use
New Mexico	None
New York	A 5605	Right of Privacy and the Right of Publicity	Failed	Amends the civil rights law, relates to establishing the right of publicity and to providing a private right of action for unlawful dissemination or publication of a sexually explicit depiction of an individual.	Private Sector Use
New York	S 5959	Right of Privacy and Right of Publicity	Enacted	Amends the civil rights law, establishes the right of publicity and provides a private right of action for unlawful dissemination or publication of a sexually explicit depiction of an individual.	Private Sector Use
New York	S 6428	Automated Decision Systems Task Force	Failed – Adjourned	Creates the Automated Decision Systems Task Force to make specific recommendations on whether and how existing state laws, regulations, programs, policies, and practices related to the use of automated decision systems should be changed to promote fairness, accountability, and transparency.	Government Use; Studies
New York	S 7667	Motor Vehicle Insurers	Failed – Adjourned	Prohibits motor vehicle insurers from discrimination on the basis of socioeconomic factors in determining algorithms used to construct actuarial tables, coverage terms, premiums and/or rates.	Private Sector Use
North Carolina	None
North Dakota	No regular 2020 session
N. Mariana Islands	Not available
Ohio	None
Oklahoma	None
Oregon	None
Pennsylvania	None
Puerto Rico	None
Rhode Island	None
A. Samoa	Not available
South Carolina	None
South Dakota	None
Tennessee	H 2446	Future of Work Commission	Failed – Adjourned	Creates the Tennessee Future of Work Commission to conduct a comprehensive study relative to the impact of automation, artificial intelligence, global trade, access to new forms of data and the internet of things are having on this state's workforce, businesses, and economy.	Effect on Labor/Employment
Tennessee	S 1919	Future of Work Commission	Failed – Adjourned	Creates the Tennessee Future of Work Commission to conduct a comprehensive study relative to the impact of automation, artificial intelligence, global trade, access to new forms of data and the internet of things are having on this state's workforce, businesses, and economy.	Effect on Labor/Employment
Texas	No regular 2020 session
Utah	S 96	Emerging Technology Talent Initiative	Enacted	Creates a deep technology talent initiative within higher education.	Education/Training
Vermont	H 919	Artificial Intelligence Education Programs	Failed – Adjourned	Relates to funding a pilot program to increase technology and artificial intelligence education programs.	Education/Training
Vermont	H 920	Artificial Intelligence Task Force Recommendations	Failed – Adjourned	Relates to economic incentive recommendations of the Artificial Intelligence Task Force.
Vermont	H 921	Artificial Intelligence Commission and Code of Ethics	Failed – Adjourned	Relates to the Artificial Intelligence Commission and Code of Ethics.
Virginia	H 1319	Higher Education	Failed – Adjourned	Relates to higher education; relates to public private partnerships; relates to cloud computing; relates to artificial intelligence; requires each institution of higher education to establish a public-private partnership, or partnership if the institution of higher education is not public, with private entities to develop a professional development and training program for instructional and information technology staff to obtain industry certification in cloud computing technology and artificial.	Education/Training
Virginia	HJR 59	Facial Recognition and Artificial Intelligence	Failed	Relates to study; relates to facial recognition; relates to artificial intelligence; relates to report; directs the Joint Commission on Technology and Science to convene a working group of relevant agencies, law enforcement, private industry, and academics to study the proliferation and implementation of facial recognition and artificial intelligence.	Government Use
U.S. Virgin Islands	None
Washington	H 2401	Artificial Intelligence Job Application Use	Failed – Adjourned	Concerns the use of artificial intelligence in job applications.	Private Sector Use
Washington	H 2644	Artificial Intelligence Enabled Profiling	Failed – Adjourned	Concerns artificial intelligence-enabled profiling.	Private Sector Use
West Virginia	H 3097	Innovation Free Trade Acts	Failed – Adjourned	Relates to the West Virginia Innovation Free-Trade Business Technology Property Valuation Act and the West Virginia Innovation Free-Trade Tax Credit Act.	Effect on Labor/Employment
Wisconsin	None
Wyoming	None

2019 Legislation

Bills or resolutions dealing with artificial intelligence were introduced in at least 20 states, and measures were enacted or adopted in Alabama, Arkansas, California, Delaware, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Maryland, New York, Oregon, Texas and Vermont.

Alabama established the state Commission on Artificial Intelligence and Associated Technologies and Arkansas created the Data Sharing and Data Driven Decision-Making Task Force.

The Illinois General Assembly enacted the Artificial Intelligence Video Interview Act. The act provides that employers must notify applicants before a videotaped interview that artificial intelligence may be used to analyze the interview and consider the applicant's fitness for the position. Employers also must provide each applicant with information before the interview explaining how the artificial intelligence works and what general types of characteristics it uses to evaluate applicants. Employers also must obtain, before the interview, consent from the applicant to be evaluated by the artificial intelligence program. Employers also may not share applicant videos unnecessarily and they must delete an applicant’s interview upon request of the applicant.

State	Bill Number	Bill Title	Bill Status	Bill Summary	Category
Alabama	SJR 45	Honorary Resolution	Enacted	Recognizes Alabama's technology and growing artificial intelligence job sectors' impact on the state's economy.	Private Sector Use
Alabama	SJR 71	Artificial Intelligence and Associated Technologies	Enacted	Establishes the state Commission on Artificial Intelligence and Associated Technologies to review and advice on all aspects of the growth of artificial intelligence and associated technology in the state and the use of artificial intelligence in various fields.	Studies
Alaska	None
Arizona	None
Arkansas	S 656	Data Sharing and Decision-Making Task Force	Enacted	Creates the Data Sharing and Data Driven Decision-Making Task Force. The task force shall recommend funding mechanisms to support the use of statewide data sharing, including without limitation data analytics, machine learning, and innovative technologies to link data between agencies, to support data driven decision making for all state agencies.	Government Use; Studies
California	A 459	Artificial Intelligence in State Government Services	Pending – Carryover	Requires the Artificial Intelligence in State Government Services Commission to report to the Legislature on the commission's recommended minimum standards for the use of artificial intelligence that includes specified information, including fostering accountability in state government services, and prioritizing the safety and security of artificial intelligence technologies used by state government.	Studies
California	A 485	Local Government: Economic Development Subsidies	Enacted	Requires each local agency to provide specified information to the public before approving an economic development subsidy for a warehouse distribution center, and to, among other things, hold hearings and report on those subsidies. Such information includes any net job loss or replacement due to the use of automation, artificial intelligence, or other technologies, if known.	Private Sector Use
California	A 594	Artificial Intelligence	Vetoed	Requires the director of technology to appoint a chief artificial intelligence officer within the department to evaluate the uses of artificial intelligence in state government and to advise the director of technology on incorporating artificial intelligence into state information technology strategic plans, policies, standards, and enterprise architecture.	Government Use; Oversight/Governance
California	A 976	Artificial Intelligence in State Government	Pending – Carryover	Establishes in state government the Artificial Intelligence in State Government Services Commission comprised of eight members and requires the advisory commission to annually convene a public process to gather input on how artificial intelligence and data science could be used to improve state services. Requires the commission to propose a plan for soliciting artificial intelligence and data science related demonstration projects for critical state services.	Government Use; Oversight/Governance; Studies
California	A 1576	Secretary of Government Operations: Working Group	Pending – Carryover	Requires the secretary of government operations to appoint participants to an artificial intelligence working group. Requires the composition of the working group to be representative of California's demographic and cultural diversity. Requires the working group to evaluate the uses, risks, benefits, and legal implications associated with the development and deployment of artificial intelligence by California-based businesses.	Studies
California	ACR 125	Bias and Discrimination in Hiring Reduction	Pending – Carryover	Urges policymakers in both federal and state government to explore ways to promote the development and use of new technologies to reduce bias and discrimination in hiring and help reduce discrimination in employment in the state.	Effect on Labor/Employment
California	S 36	Pretrial Release: Risk Assessment Tools	Enacted	Requires pretrial services agency that uses a pretrial risk assessment tool to validate the tool on a regular basis and to make specified information regarding the tool, including validation studies, publicly available. Requires the Judicial Council to maintain a list of pretrial services agencies that have satisfied those validation requirements and complied with those transparency requirements.	Government Use
California	S 348	Department of Technology: DMV: Artificial Intelligence	Pending – Carryover	Requires the director of technology to devise a strategic plan designed to aid departments and agencies with the incorporation of artificial intelligence into state information technology strategic plans, policies, standards, and enterprise architecture to improve state services. Encourages the governor to appoint a special adviser on artificial intelligence to create a statewide strategic plan to utilize artificial technology to improve state services.	Government Use; Oversight/Governance
California	S 444	Artificial Intelligence: Reporting	Pending – Carryover	Requires any business entity doing business in California with 50 or more full-time employees, a contractor that performs services for such a business, and a vendor that sells data or tangible goods to a such a business, to maintain a written record of the data used relating to any use of artificial intelligence.	Private Sector Use
California	S 730	Commission on Tech Equity	Failed	Establishes the Commission on Tech Equity. Requires the commission to develop recommendations on a policy framework to manage the development, deployment, regulation, taxation and fair distribution of the benefits of innovation and technology and submit its recommendations by a certain date.	Studies
California	S 752	State Master Plan on Tech Equity	Pending – Carryover	Creates the Commission on Tech Equity to convene a public process to gather input and to understand the economic, social, workplace, and technological landscape of innovation and technology in the state. Creates the Joint Legislative Committee on the State Master Plan on Tech Equity to develop and implement the State Master Plan on Tech Equity.	Studies
California	SJR 6	Artificial Intelligence	Adopted	Urges the president and the Congress of the United States to develop a comprehensive Artificial Intelligence Advisory Committee and to adopt a comprehensive artificial intelligence policy.	Studies; Oversight/Governance
Colorado	None
Connecticut	H 6187	Artificial Intelligence	Failed	Requires a study of the commercial and practical applications of artificial intelligence, prepares for the modernization of state's economy through artificial intelligence.	Studies
Connecticut	H 6889	Emerging Technology Educational Subsidies	Failed	Provides educational subsidies for students studying artificial intelligence, virtual reality, autonomous vehicles or quantum computing, provides subsidies to students studying in fields related to emerging technologies if such students work in the state upon graduation.	Education/Training
Delaware	HCR 7	Artificial Intelligence Resolution	Adopted	Recognizes the possible life-changing impact the rise of robotics, automation and artificial intelligence will have on Delawareans and encourages all branches of state government to implement plans to minimize the adverse effects of the rise of such technology.	Government Use; Private Sector Use
District of Columbia	None
Florida	H 9047	Appropriations Project	Failed	Relates to the appropriations project titled University of Florida Center for Artificial Intelligence, provides an appropriation.	Appropriations
Florida	S 1544	Data Innovation	Failed	Relates to data innovation; provides a short title; provides legislative intent; establishes the Office of Data Innovation and Governance for specified purposes; provides duties of the office; requires the office to develop an interagency governance committee; provides committee membership; requires the committee to develop operating guidelines.	Government Use
Georgia	None
Guam	None
Hawaii	H 1080	Artificial Intelligence	Failed	Requires the Hawaii Tourism Authority to host a global summit on artificial intelligence in 2020, authorizes the Hawaii Tourism Authority to contract the services of another entity to assist the Hawaii Tourism Authority in hosting the summit, makes an appropriation.
Hawaii	H 1185	Artificial Intelligence Task Force	Failed	Creates a legislative task force to investigate the application and the accompanying advantages and disadvantages of applying artificial intelligence to Hawaii's economy and government operations.	Studies
Hawaii	H 1389	Artificial Intelligence Task Force	Failed	Creates a legislative task force to investigate the application and the accompanying advantages and disadvantages of applying artificial intelligence to Hawaii's economy and government operations.	Studies
Hawaii	HCR 129	Artificial Intelligence Advisory Committee	Failed – Adjourned	Requests the state to convene an Artificial Intelligence Advisory Committee to investigate how to implement, develop, and regulate artificial intelligence in the state.	Studies
Hawaii	HCR 156	Lethal Autonomous Robotics	Failed – Adjourned	Urges the U.S. government to place a moratorium on the development, production, deployment, and use of lethal autonomous robotics and to encourage other nations to do the same.	Government Use
Hawaii	HCR 171	Hawaii Tourism Authority	Failed – Adjourned	Requests the Hawaii Tourism Authority to convene a Global Artificial Intelligence Summit in 2020.
Hawaii	HCR 227	Artificial Intelligence Working Group	Failed – Adjourned	Requests the Department of Business, Economic Development and Tourism to convene a working group on artificial intelligence.	Studies
Hawaii	HR 119	Artificial Intelligence	Failed – Adjourned	Requests the state to convene an artificial intelligence advisory committee to investigate how to implement, develop, and regulate artificial intelligence in the state.	Studies
Hawaii	HR 143	Lethal Autonomous Robotics	Failed – Adjourned	Urges the U.S. government to place a moratorium on the development, production, deployment and use of lethal autonomous robotics and to encourage other nations to do the same.	Government Use
Hawaii	HR 153	Hawaii Tourism Authority	Failed – Adjourned	Requests the Hawaii Tourism Authority to convene a Global Artificial Intelligence Summit in 2020.
Hawaii	HR 202	Artificial Intelligence Working Group	Failed – Adjourned	Requests the Department of Business, Economic Development and Tourism to convene a working group on artificial intelligence.	Studies
Hawaii	SCR 66	Global Artificial Intelligence Summit 2020	Failed – Adjourned	Requests the Hawaii tourism authority to convene a global artificial intelligence summit in 2020.
Hawaii	SCR 175	Artificial Intelligence Advisory Committee	Failed – Adjourned	Requests the state to convene an Artificial Intelligence Advisory Committee to investigate how to implement, develop, and regulate artificial intelligence in the state.	Studies
Hawaii	SR 44	Global Artificial Intelligence Summit 2020	Failed – Adjourned	Requests the Hawaii tourism authority to convene a global artificial intelligence summit in 2020.
Hawaii	SR 142	Artificial Intelligence	Adopted	Requests the state to convene an Artificial Intelligence Advisory Committee to investigate how to implement, develop, and regulate artificial intelligence in the state.	Studies
Idaho	H 118	Pretrial Risk Assessment Algorithms	Enacted	Revises provisions relating to criminal procedure; provides certain requirements and restrictions for pretrial risk assessment algorithms.	Government Use
Illinois	H 2557	Artificial Intelligence Video Interviews	Enacted	Creates the Artificial Intelligence Video Interview Act, provides that an employer that asks applicants to record video interviews and uses an artificial intelligence analysis of applicant submitted videos shall notify each applicant in writing before the interview that artificial intelligence may be used to analyze the applicant's facial expressions and consider the applicant's fitness for the position, provides each applicant with an information sheet before the interview.	Notification, Private Sector Use
Illinois	H 2991	Hiring and Creditworthiness Predictive Data	Failed	Amends the Equal Pay Act and the Consumer Fraud and Deceptive Business Practices Act; provides that when using predictive data analytics in determining creditworthiness or in making hiring decisions, the use of predictive data analytics may not include information that correlates with the race of zip code of the applicant for credit or employment.	Private Sector Use
Illinois	H 3415	Creditworthiness Predictive Data Analytics	Pending – Carryover	Amends the Equal Pay Act and the Consumer Fraud and Deceptive Business Practices Act; provides that when using predictive data analytics in determining creditworthiness or in making hiring decisions, the use of predictive data analytics may not include information that correlates with the race or zip code of the applicant for credit or employment.	Private Sector Use
Illinois	H 3662	Diagnostic Algorithm Use in Hospitals	Pending – Carryover	Amends the University of Illinois Hospital Act and the Hospital Licensing Act; provides that before using any diagnostic algorithm to diagnose a patient, a hospital must first confirm that the diagnostic algorithm has been certified by the Department of Public Health and the Department of Innovation and Technology, has been shown to achieve as or more accurate diagnostic results than other diagnostic means, and is not the only method of diagnosis available to a patient.	Health Use
Indiana	H 1624	Information Technology Oversight Committee	Failed – Adjourned	Relates to information technology oversight committee, establishes the Information Technology Oversight Committee.	Government Use; Oversight/Governance; Studies
Iowa	None
Kansas	None
Kentucky	None
Louisiana	None
Maine	None
Maryland	H 1035	Election Law Websites	Failed	Requires certain websites that implement certain politically biased algorithms to file a certain report with the State Board of Elections within seven days after implementing the politically biased algorithm; requires certain websites that implement politically biased algorithms to file certain additional reports with the State Board at certain times under certain circumstances; prescribes the contents of certain reports.	Elections
Maryland	H 1293	Volunteer Firefighters	Failed – Adjourned	Establishes the Professional and Volunteer Firefighter Innovative Cancer Screening Technologies Program in the Department of Health to provide grants to certain fire departments and volunteer fire companies to procure cancer screening tests not generally conducted during routine physical exams for the purpose of reducing cancer mortality among professional and volunteer firefighters.	Health use
Maryland	S 727	Firefighter Innovative Cancer Screening	Enacted	Establishes the Professional and Volunteer Firefighter Innovative Cancer Screening Technologies Program; requires the State Department of Health to administer the program; authorizes the department to adopt certain regulations; provides for the purpose and goals of the program; requires the governor for certain fiscal years to include at least specified amount in the annual budget for the program.	Health Use
Massachusetts	H 2701	State Agency Automated Decision Making	Pending	Relates to state agency automated decision making, artificial intelligence, transparency, fairness, and individual rights.	Government Use; Studies
Massachusetts	S 210	Massachusetts Future of Work Commission	Pending	Establishes the Massachusetts future of work commission.	Effect on Labor/Employment; Studies
Massachusetts	S 1876	Use of Artificial Intelligence	Pending	Establishes a commission on transparency and use of artificial intelligence in government decision making.	Government Use; Studies
Michigan	None
Minnesota	None
Mississippi	HCR 64	Credit Scores	Failed	Urges the Congress of the United States to enact legislation requiring data analytics companies that calculate and determine credit scores to disclose to consumers the methods used to determine credit scores.	Private Sector Use; Responsible Use
Missouri	H 744	21st Century Education Task Force	Failed – Adjourned	Establishes the 21st Century Missouri Education Task Force. The task shall make recommendations regarding the use of technology and artificial intelligence to improve student outcomes.	Education/Training
Montana	H 571	Health Care Decision Predictive Analysis	Failed	Provides laws on use of predictive analysis in health care decisions; relates to communications; relates to health care services.	Health Use
Nebraska	LR 164	Interim Study	Failed	Allows for an interim study to examine the need to update the insurance laws of the state in response to technology advancement and innovation.	Studies; Private Sector Use
Nevada	S 488	Emerging Technologies Development Businesses	Failed	Revises provisions relating to businesses engaged in the development of emerging technologies.	Private Sector Use
New Hampshire	None
New Jersey	A 5112	Artificial Intelligence Economic Growth Study	Failed – Adjourned	Requires commissioner of labor and workforce development to conduct a study and issue a report on the impact of artificial intelligence on economic growth.	Effect on Labor/Employment; Studies
New Jersey	A 5161	Integrated Digital Experience	Failed – Adjourned	Relates to the 21st Century Integrated Digital Experience Act.	Government Use
New Jersey	A 5430	Algorithmic Accountability	Failed – Adjourned	Relates to the New Jersey Algorithmic Accountability Act; requires certain businesses to conduct automated decision and data protection impact assessments.	Impact Assessment; Private Sector Use
New Jersey	S 3619	21st Century Integrated Digital Experience Act	Pending	Concerns the 21st Century Integrated Digital Experience Act.	Government Use
New Mexico	None
New York	A 1746	Artificial Intelligence Regulation Study	Failed	Creates a temporary state commission to study and investigate how to regulate artificial intelligence, robotics, and automation, repeals such commission a specified time after this act takes effect.	Studies
New York	A 5605	Right of Privacy and the Right of Publicity	Failed	Amends the civil rights law, relates to establishing the right of publicity and to providing a private right of action for unlawful dissemination or publication of a sexually explicit depiction of an individual.	Private Sector Use
New York	A 7040	Motor Vehicle Insurers	Failed – Adjourned	Prohibits motor vehicle insurers from discrimination on the basis of socioeconomic factors in determining algorithms used to construct actuarial tables, coverage terms, premiums, and rates.	Private Sector Use; Responsible Use
New York	A 8446	Commission on the Future of Work	Failed – Adjourned	Establishes the Commission on the Future of Work within the Department of Labor to research and understand the impact of technology on workers, employers, and the economy of the state.	Effect on Labor/Employment
New York	S 2101	Bail Elimination Act	Failed – Adjourned	Enacts the Bail Elimination Act of 2019; provides that when a principal comes under the control of a court, the court shall release the principal on their personal recognizance or under non-monetary conditions. Provides that no algorithmic pretrial risk assessment tool should be used for decisions that may result in detention or electronic monitoring and may only recommend release or release with conditions.	Government Use
New York	S 3971	Commission to Study Artificial Intelligence	Enacted	Creates a temporary state commission to study and investigate how to regulate artificial intelligence, robotics and automation, provides for the repeal after the expiration thereof.	Effect on Labor/Employment; Studies
New York	S 4455	Computer Science Courses Regulations	Failed	Requires regulations authorizing computer science courses to count towards liberal arts content at institutions of higher learning, defines computer science.	Education/Training
New York	S 6428	Automated Decision Systems Task Force	Pending – Carryover	Creates the Automated Decision Systems Task Force to make specific recommendations on whether and how existing state laws, regulations, programs, policies, and practices related to the use of automated decision systems should be changed to promote fairness, accountability, and transparency.	Government Use; Studies
North Carolina	H 330	Energy and Water Consumption	Pending – Carryover	Saves state taxpayer dollars by requiring reductions in energy and water consumption in public buildings. Includes within the definition of energy conservation measure building analytics systems that allow for advanced software utilizing statistical modeling and machine learning, whether supervised or unsupervised, to establish data‑driven benchmarks, predict future energy performance, and find additional energy savings opportunities.	Government Use
North Dakota	None
N. Mariana Islands	Not available
Ohio	None
Oklahoma	None
Oregon	H 2035	Development of Evidence Based Algorithms	Failed – Adjourned	Reestablishes Mental Health Clinical Advisory Group in Oregon Health Authority to continue development of evidence-based algorithms for prescription drug treatment of mental health disorders; specifies membership.	Health Use
Oregon	S 138	Prescription Drug Treatment of Mental Health Disorders	Enacted	Reestablishes Mental Health Clinical Advisory Group in state Health Authority to continue development of evidence based algorithms for prescription drug treatment of mental health disorders; specifies membership; declares emergency, effective on passage.	Health Use; Studies
Pennsylvania	None
Puerto Rico	None
Rhode Island	None
A. Samoa	Not available
South Carolina	None
South Dakota	None
Tennessee	None
Texas	H 3919	Prosecutorial Transparency	Failed – Adjourned	Relates to prosecutorial transparency; a prosecutor's office shall collect and disclose the following information for each case prosecuted by the office, including whether a risk assessment or other algorithm-based or quantitative tool was used in determining pretrial detention or the amount of bail or bond and, if so: the name of the office or agency that conducted the risk assessment; and the name of offices, agencies, individuals, or attorneys that received the risk assessment results.	Government Use
Texas	H 4214	Governmental Cybersecurity Efficiency and Planning	Failed – Adjourned	Relates to matters concerning governmental entities, including cybersecurity, governmental efficiencies, information resources, and emergency planning. Provides that each state agency and local government shall, in the administration of the agency or local government, consider using next generation technologies, including cryptocurrency, blockchain technology, and artificial intelligence.	Government Use
Texas	S 64	Cybersecurity for Information Resources	Enacted	Each state agency and local government shall, in the administration of the agency or local government, consider using next generation technologies, including cryptocurrency, blockchain technology, and artificial intelligence.	Government Use
Texas	S 2174	Prosecutorial Transparency	Failed – Adjourned	Relates to prosecutorial transparency; a prosecutor's office shall collect and disclose the following information for each case prosecuted by the office, including whether a risk assessment or other algorithm-based or quantitative tool was used in determining pretrial detention or the amount of bail or bond and, if so: the name of the office or agency that conducted the risk assessment; and the name of offices, agencies, individuals, or attorneys that received the risk assessment results.	Government Use
Utah	None
Vermont	H 16	Boards and Commissions	Enacted	Requires the State Archives and Records Administration to maintain and make available on its website a registry of state boards and commissions, and to update that registry when changes are made that affect the information provided in the registry. Amends the number of times the Artificial Intelligence Task Force can meet and the deadline for its final report.	Studies
Virginia	None
U.S. Virgin Islands	None
Washington	H 1655	Governmental Automated Decision Systems	Failed – Adjourned	Establishes guidelines for government procurement and use of automated decision systems to protect consumers, improve transparency, and create more market predictability.	Government Use
Washington	S 5527	Automated Decision Systems	Failed – Adjourned	Establishes guidelines for government procurement and use of automated decision systems to protect consumers, improve transparency, and create more market predictability.	Government Use
West Virginia	H 3097	State Free Trade	Failed – Adjourned	Relates to the West Virginia Innovation Free Trade Business Technology Property Valuation Act and the West Virginia Innovation Free Trade Tax Credit Act.	Effect on Labor/Employment
Wisconsin	None
Wyoming	None

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