Deceptive Audio or Visual Media (“Deepfakes”) 2024 Legislation

Technology

Deepfake technology uses artificial intelligence to manipulate audio or video to create a false but realistic video of people doing or saying things they did not actually do or say. For example, a person's face can be swapped with another's and lip-syncing can be added. Machine learning and sophisticated technical tools have made deepfakes relatively easy to create and increasingly commonplace, creating an impetus for new legislation.

Before the internet, most states enacted general criminal impersonation laws, including ones making it illegal to impersonate a lawyer, doctor or government official. Potentially, these laws could apply to all types of media, including online communications and videos.

As social media sites and email became commonplace, lawmakers in at least 17 states enacted laws that specifically refer to online impersonation done with an intent to intimidate, bully, threaten or harass a person through social media sites, email or other electronic or online communications. These states are California, Connecticut, Florida, Hawaii, Illinois, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Mississippi, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Oklahoma, Rhode Island, Texas, Utah, Washington and Wyoming.

Beginning in 2019, several states passed legislation aimed at the use of deepfakes. These laws do not apply exclusively to deepfakes created by AI. Rather, they more broadly apply to deceptive manipulated audio or visual images, created with malice, that falsely depict others without their consent.

Most of these laws are targeted at sexually explicit or pornographic video images, with some expanding existing nonconsensual intimate image laws. States have begun to prohibit the distribution of deceptive audio or visual media with the intent to injure a candidate's reputation or to deceive a voter into voting for or against a candidate.

At least 40 states have pending legislation in the 2024 legislative session. At least 20 bills have been enacted including:

Alabama enacted a bill providing that a person commits the crime of creating a private image if he or she knowingly creates, records, or alters a private image when the depicted individual has not consented to the creation, recording, or alteration and the depicted individual had a reasonable expectation of privacy.
Florida requires certain political advertisements, electioneering communications, or other miscellaneous advertisements to include a specified disclaimer and provides for criminal and civil penalties.
Iowa enacted a bill relating to the sexual exploitation of a minor by the creation, adaptation, or modification of a visual depiction to give the appearance that an identifiable minor is engaged in a prohibited sexual act or the simulation of a prohibited sexual act.
South Dakota provided that a person is guilty of possessing child pornography if the person knowingly possesses any visual depiction of a minor engaging in a prohibited sexual act, or in a simulation of a prohibited sexual act, or any computer-generated child pornography.
Tennessee replaced the Personal Rights Protection Act with the Ensuring Likeness, Voice and Image Security Act of 2024, to provide that every individual has a property right in the use of that individual's name, photograph, voice, or likeness in any medium in any manner.
Utah amended the definition of counterfeit intimate image to include generated depictions.

Jurisdiction	Bill Number	Bill Title	Bill Status	Bill Summary
Alabama	H 161	Crime of Private Image Distribution	Enacted	Provides that a person commits the crime of creating a private image if he or she knowingly creates, records or alters a private image when the depicted individual has not consented to the creation, recording, or alteration and the depicted individual had a reasonable expectation of privacy; provides for criminal penalties for violations; provides that no developer or provider of technology shall be held in violation solely for providing or developing technology used by another person.
Alabama	H 172	Distribution of Materially Deceptive Media	Pending	Relates to elections; provides that the distribution of materially deceptive media to influence an upcoming election is a crime; authorizes certain parties to seek permanent injunctive relief against anyone who distributes materially deceptive media to influence an upcoming election; provides definitions.
Alabama	S 29	Private Image and Visual Depiction Definition	Pending	Relates to crimes and offenses; amends sections 13A-6-240, as last amended by Act 2023-464, 2023 Regular Session, 13A-12-190, 13A-12-191, 13A-12-192, 13A-12-193, 13A-12-194, 13A-12-196, 13A-12-197 and 13A-12-198, Code of Alabama 1975; provides for the definitions of private image and visual depiction; provides for the age of a child for offenses involving obscene materials containing visual depictions of children; makes non-substantive, technical revisions.
Alaska	H 306	Artificial Intelligence	Pending	Relates to AI; requires disclosure of deepfakes in campaign communications; relates to cybersecurity; and relates to data privacy.
Alaska	H 358	Artificial Intelligence Usage	Pending	Relates to use of AI to create or alter a representation of the voice or likeness of an individual.
Alaska	S 177	Artificial Intelligence	Pending	Relates to artificial intelligence; requires disclosure of deepfakes in campaign communications; relates to cybersecurity; relates to data privacy.
Arizona	H 2138	Sexual Exploitation	Pending	Relates to sexual exploitation; relates to minor; relates to computer-generated.
Arizona	H 2394	Candidates and Digital Impersonation	Pending	Provides that a candidate for public office who will appear on the ballot in the state or any citizen of the state may bring an action for digital impersonation within a specified number of years after the date that the person knows, or in the exercise of reasonable diligence should know, that a digital impersonation of that person was published; provides that the sole remedy on this cause of action is preliminary and permanent declaratory relief, with certain exceptions.
Arizona	S 1078	Fraudulent Voice Recordings	Pending	Relates to fraudulent voice recordings.
Arizona	S 1336	Deepfake Recordings or Images	Pending	Provides that it is unlawful to intentionally disseminate a deepfake recording or image if all of the specified conditions apply, including when the person that intentionally creates and disseminates the deepfake recording or image knows or reasonably should know that the depicted individual does not consent to the dissemination and the deepfake recording or image realistically depicts the intimate parts of another individual that are presented as the intimate parts of the depicted individual.
Arizona	S 1359	Election Communications and Deepfakes and Prohibition	Pending	Relates to election communications; relates to deepfakes; relates to prohibition.
Arizona	S 1515	Election Communications and Prohibition	Pending	Relates to election communications; relates to prohibition; relates to deepfakes.
Arkansas	None
California	A 1721	Crimes: False Depictions	Failed	Makes it a crime for a person to knowingly and without the consent of the depicted individual, distribute to, exhibit to, or exchange with others, or offer to distribute to, exhibit to, or exchange with others audio or visual media that falsely depicts an individual engaging in sexual conduct that would appear to a reasonable observer to be an authentic record of the conduct.
California	A 1831	Crimes: Child Pornography	Pending	Provides that existing law prohibits the production, development, duplication, distribution, or possession of matter, in specified formats, that depicts a person under 18 engaging in or simulating sexual conduct. Provides that existing law prohibits the employment or use of a minor, or the permitting by a parent guardian of the employment or use of a minor to produce such matter. Expands the scope of these provisions to include matter that is generated using AI.
California	A 1836	Use of Likeness: Digital Replica	Pending	Makes a person who produces, distributes, or makes available the digital replica of a deceased personality's voice or likeness in an expressive audiovisual work or sound recording without specified prior consent liable to any injured party in an amount equal to the greater of a specified amount or the actual damages suffered by a person controlling the rights to the deceased personality's likeness, with certain exceptions. Defines digital replica.
California	A 1856	Disorderly Conduct: Distribution of Intimate Images	Pending	Makes it a crime for a person to intentionally distribute a deepfake of an intimate body part or parts of another identifiable person, or a deepfake of the person depicted engaged in certain sexual acts, if the person distributing the deepfake knows or should know that the person depicted did not consent to the distribution and that the distribution of the deepfake will cause serious emotional distress and the person depicted suffers that distress. Defines deepfake.
California	A 1872	Crimes: Extortion	Pending	Provides that a threat to post, distribute, or create AI-generated images or videos of another may also induce fear sufficient to constitute extortion.
California	A 1873	Crimes: Sexual Exploitation of a Child	Pending	Makes a person guilty of a misdemeanor or a felony if the person knowingly develops, duplicates, prints, or exchanges any representation of information, data, or image, generated using AI, that depicts a person under the age of 18 years engaged in an act of sexual conduct.
California	A 2355	Political Advertisements: Artificial Intelligence	Pending	Relates to the use of AI in political advertisements. Specifies that any image, audio, video, or other media is generated, in whole or substantially, using AI if it is entirely created using AI or materially altered by AI such that a reasonable person would have a fundamentally different understanding of the altered media when comparing it to an unaltered version.
California	A 2602	Contracts Against Public Policy	Pending	Provides that a provision in an agreement between an individual and any other person for the performance of personal or professional services is unenforceable only as it relates to a new performance, on or after the specified date, by a digital replica of the individual if the provision meets specified conditions relating to the use of a digital replica of the voice or likeness of an individual in lieu of the work of the individual. Defines digital replica.
California	A 2655	Defending Democracy from Deepfake Deception Act of 2024	Pending	Establishes the Defending Democracy from Deepfake Deception Act for the purpose of preventing the online dissemination of manipulated media and disinformation meant to deceive voters and to prevent voting. Requires a large online platform to block the posting or sending of materially deceptive and digitally modified or created content related to elections, during certain periods before and after an election. Requires a large online platform to develop procedures for state residents to report content.
California	A 2691	Crimes: Sexual Harassment	Pending	Makes a person guilty of sexual harassment if the person intentionally posts, distributes, or creates, or threatens to post, distribute, or create an intimate digital depiction of another individual without consent of that individual. Defines intimate digital depiction as an image or video of an individual that has been created or altered using digital manipulation and that depicts, among other things, an identifiable individual engaging in sexually explicit conduct.
California	A 2839	Elections: Deceptive Media in Advertisements	Pending	Prohibits a person, committee, or other entity from knowingly distributing an advertisement or other election communication that contains certain materially deceptive and digitally altered or digitally created images or audio or video files with the intent to influence an election or solicit funds for a candidate or campaign. Authorizes, for a violation, certain persons to file a civil action to enjoin the distribution of the media and to seek damages.
California	A 3050	Artificial Intelligence	Pending	Requires the Department of Technology to issue regulations to establish standards for watermarks to be included in covered AI-generated material. Requires the department's standard to, at a minimum, require an AI-generating entity to include digital content provenance in the watermarks.
California	S 926	Crimes: Distribution of Intimate Images	Pending	Makes it a crime for a person to intentionally distribute or cause to be distributed any photo realistic image, digital image, electronic image, computer image, computer-generated image, or other pictorial representation of an intimate body part or parts of another identifiable person, or an image of the person depicted engaged in specified sexual acts, that was created in a manner that would cause a reasonable person to believe the image is an authentic image, under specified circumstances.
California	S 933	Crimes: Child Pornography	Pending	Includes an image generated using AI as a computer-generated image, relative to crimes and child pornography.
California	S 970	Artificial Intelligence Technology	Pending	Requires the Judicial Council, by no later than specified date, to review the impact of AI on the introduction of evidence in court proceedings and develop any necessary rules of court to assist courts in assessing claims that evidence that is being introduced has been generated by or manipulated by AI.
California	S 981	Sexually Explicit Digital Images	Pending	Requires a social media platform to provide a mechanism that is reasonably accessible to a natural person located within the state to report digital identify theft to the social media platform. Requires a social media platform to permanently block a reported instance of digital identity theft from being publicly viewable on the social media platform if the social media platform determines there is a reasonable basis to believe the reported digital identity theft is digital identity theft.
California	S 1235	Public Postsecondary Education: Artificial Intelligence	Pending	Requires California State University, Long Beach, in consultation with other public institutions of higher education, to establish the Artificial Intelligence and Deepfake Working Group and authorizes California State University, Long Beach to develop a scoping plan in the first year to establish the topics that may be evaluated by and the stakeholders that may be included in, the working group.
Colorado	H 1147	Candidate Election Deepfake Disclosures	To governor	Creates a statutory scheme to regulate the use of deepfakes produced using generative AI in communications about candidates for elective office; expands the existing authority of an administrative hearing officer under the Fair Campaign Practices Act to impose civil penalties for distribution of a communication that includes a deepfake related to a candidate for elective office.
Connecticut	H 5421	Unlawful Dissemination of Intimate Images	Pending	Concerns unlawful dissemination of intimate images that are digitally altered or created using AI; criminalizes unauthorized dissemination of intimate images that are digitally altered or created using AI.
Connecticut	H 5450	Artificial Intelligence Deceptive Synthetic Media	Pending	Concerns AI, deceptive synthetic media and elections; provides that no person shall distribute, or enter into any agreement to distribute, a communication containing any image, audio or video of an individual during the 90-day period preceding any election or primary if such person knows or should reasonably know that such image, audio or video is deceptive synthetic media, the communication containing such deceptive synthetic media is distributed without the consent.
Connecticut	S 2	Artificial Intelligence	Pending	Concerning AI to: (1) establish requirements concerning the development, deployment and use of certain artificial intelligence systems; (2) establish an Artificial Intelligence Advisory Council; (3) prohibit dissemination of certain synthetic images; (4) prohibit distribution of, and agreements to distribute, certain deceptive media concerning elections; (5) require state agencies to study potential uses of generative artificial intelligence and propose pilot projects; (6) require the commissioner of administrative services to provide training concerning generative AI; (7) require the chief workforce officer to (A) incorporate AI training into workforce training programs, and (B) design a broadband outreach program; (8) require the Board of Regents for Higher Education to establish (A) a "Connecticut Citizens AI Academy," and (B) certificate programs in fields related to AI; and (9) require the Department of Economic and Community Development to (A) develop a plan to offer high-performance computing services, (B) establish a confidential computing cluster, and (C) conduct a "CT AI Symposium."
Delaware	H 316	Deepfakes in Elections	Pending	Relates to deepfakes in elections; provides that, with certain exceptions, it is unlawful for a person to distribute a deepfake or enter into a contract or other agreement to distribute a deepfake if the person knows or reasonably should know that the item being distributed is a deepfake and specified elements are present, including but not limited to when the distribution takes place within a specified number of days before an election.
Delaware	H 353	Deepfakes	Pending	Provides civil and criminal remedies for the wrongful disclosure of deepfakes that depict individuals in the nude or engaging in sexual conduct.
District of Columbia	None
Florida	H 757	Defamation False Light and Unauthorized Publication	Failed - Adjourned	Provides venue for damages for defamation or privacy tort based on material broadcast over radio or television; provides venue for damages for defamation or privacy tort based on material published, exhibited, or uttered on internet; provides rebuttable presumption that publisher of false statement acted with actual malice in certain circumstances; provides that a person who uses artificial intelligence to create or edit any form of media in certain manner is subject to liability in certain circumstances.
Florida	H 919	Artificial Intelligence Use in Political Advertising	Enacted	Requires certain political advertisements, electioneering communications, or other miscellaneous advertisements to include a specified disclaimer; specifies requirements for the disclaimer; provides for criminal and civil penalties; authorizes any person to file certain complaints; provides for expedited hearings.
Florida	H 1459	Artificial Intelligence Transparency	Failed	Creates Government Technology Modernization Council within Department of Management Services; requires entities and persons to create safety and transparency standards for content, images and videos generated by ai; requires disclosures for certain communications, interactions, images, likenesses and content; prohibits use of natural persons image or likeness without consent; provides certain political ads are subject to specified requirements.
Florida	S 850	Use of Artificial Intelligence in Political Advertising	Failed	Defines the term generative AI; requires that certain political advertisements, electioneering communications, or other miscellaneous advertisements include a specified disclaimer; provides for civil penalties; authorizes the filing of complaints regarding violations with the Florida Elections Commission.
Florida	S 1086	Defamation	Failed	Provides proper venue in a county where defamatory material was accessed by a third party; provides that publication of certain media forms the basis of a defamation action; designates the Protection of Public Figures from False Narratives and Defamation Law; prohibits journalists and media outlets from knowingly publishing or disseminating a false narrative or defamatory material about a public figure; provides an alternative standard of proof for actions where the defendant does not identify the source.
Florida	S 1220	Schemes to Defraud	Failed	Relates to schemes to defraud; revises the definition of the term scheme to defraud; provides for the reclassification of certain scheme-to-defraud offenses committed against persons of a specified age or older or persons with certain disabilities; authorizes a person whose image or likeness is used without his or her consent in a scheme to defraud to file a civil action for damages.
Florida	S 1680	Artificial Intelligence Transparency	Enacted	Creates the Government Technology Modernization Council; requires the council to submit specified recommendations to the Legislature and specified reports to the governor and the Legislature by specified dates; prohibits a person from knowingly possessing or controlling or intentionally viewing photographs, motion pictures, representations, images, data files, computer depictions, or other presentations which the person knows to include generated child pornography; provides for criminal penalties.
Florida	S 1780	Defamation False Light and Unauthorized Publication	Failed	Provides that provisions concerning journalists privilege do not apply to defamation claims when the defendant is a professional journalist or media entity; specifies that certain persons may not be considered public figures for purposes of certain actions; creates a presumption that a statement by an anonymous source is presumptively false for purposes of a defamation action; provides that a public figure does not need to show actual malice to prevail in a defamation action in certain circumstances.
Georgia	H 986	Elections and Primaries	Failed - Adjourned	Establishes the criminal offenses of fraudulent election interference and solicitation of such; provides for the attorney general to have concurrent jurisdiction over such crimes; provides for injunctive relief; requires the state Election Board to publish results of investigations into such offenses; provides that any person may use AI generated content in any campaign advertisement, so long as the campaign advertisement discloses specified information.
Georgia	H 1361	Obscene Material	Failed - Adjourned	Prohibits the distribution of computer-generated obscene material depicting a child; provides for the offenses of doxing and aggravated doxing; provides for penalties; provides for construction; provides for definitions; provides for related matters; provides for an effective date and applicability; repeal conflicting laws.
Georgia	S 392	Elections and Primaries Generally	Failed - Adjourned	Relates to elections and primaries generally, to establish the criminal offense of election interference with a deepfake and solicitation of such; provides for definitions; provides for exceptions; provides for punishment; provides for the state Election Board to publish results of investigations into such offenses.
Guam	None
Hawaii	H 1734	Campaign Advertisements	Pending	Requires any campaign advertisement that contains any image, video footage, or audio recording that is created with the use of generative AI to include a disclosure statement regarding the use of that technology; subjects violators to administrative fines.
Hawaii	H 1766	Electioneering Communications	Pending	Prohibits the distribution of advertisements before an election that a person knows or should have known are deceptive and fraudulent deepfakes of a candidate; provides that, with certain exceptions, no person shall, within a specified number of days before a primary or general election, distribute a synthetic media message in an advertisement that the person knows or should have known is a deceptive and fraudulent deepfake of a candidate; provides for a cause of action.
Hawaii	S 914	Schools Media Literacy Curriculum	Pending	Authorizes school complexes to incorporate media literacy in its standards-based curriculum, including content that prevents negative impacts of misinformation, disinformation, digital discrimination and online hate speech.
Hawaii	S 2396	Electioneering Communications	Pending	Prohibits the distribution of electioneering communications before an election that a person knows or should have known are deceptive and fraudulent deepfakes of a candidate or party.
Hawaii	S 2687	Deceptive Media	To governor	Prohibits a person from distributing or entering into an agreement with another person to distribute, materially deceptive media with exceptions; establishes criminal penalties for distributing materially deceptive media; establishes remedies for parties injured by the distribution of materially deceptive media.
Hawaii	SCR 95	Artificial Intelligence and Art	Pending	Encourages the U.S. Congress to pass the Nurture Originals, Foster Art and Keep Entertainment Safe Act of 2023 (No Fakes Act) and the No Artificial Intelligence Fake Replicas and Unauthorized Duplications Act of 2024 (No AI Fraud Act).
Hawaii	SR 81	Artificial Intelligence and Art	Pending	Encourages the U.S. Congress to pass the Nurture Originals, Foster Art and Keep Entertainment Safe Act of 2023 (No Fakes Act) and the No Artificial Intelligence Fake Replicas and Unauthorized Duplications Act of 2024 (No AI Fraud Act).
Idaho	H 382	Crimes Against Children	Failed - Adjourned	Amends existing law to provide that digital, computer-generated images may be considered in the crime of sexual exploitation of a child; revises provisions regarding the internet unit.
Idaho	H 391	Explicit Synthetic Media	Failed - Adjourned	Adds to existing law to provide for the crime of disclosing explicit synthetic media.
Idaho	H 407	Freedom From AI-Rigged Elections Act	Failed - Adjourned	Adds to existing law to provide for relief prohibiting the publication of synthetic media in electioneering communications, to establish provisions regarding an action prohibiting the publication of synthetic media in electioneering communications and to provide exceptions.
Idaho	H 426	Freedom From Ai-Rigged Elections Act	Failed - Adjourned	Adds to existing law to provide for relief prohibiting the publication of synthetic media in electioneering communications, to establish provisions regarding an action prohibiting the publication of synthetic media in electioneering communications and to provide exceptions.
Idaho	H 465	Crimes Against Children	Enacted	Relates to crimes against children; provides immunity for law enforcement officers in certain instances; provides for the crime of visual representations of the sexual abuse of children; provides for penalties; provides that a certain element of the crime is not required; provides for an affirmative defense; revises provisions regarding a certain duty of the attorney general; revises provisions regarding the Internet Crimes Against Children Unit.
Idaho	H 565	Electioneering Communications	Failed - Adjourned	Adds to and amends existing law to revise the definition of electioneering to provide for relief and prohibiting the publication of synthetic media in electioneering communications; establishes provisions regarding an action prohibiting the publication of synthetic media in electioneering communications; provides exceptions.
Idaho	H 575	Disclosing Explicit Synthetic Media	Enacted	Provides that a person is guilty of disclosing explicit synthetic media when the person knowingly, among other things, discloses explicit synthetic media and knows or reasonably should know that an identifiable person portrayed in whole or in part in the explicit synthetic media did not consent to such disclosure and disclosure of the explicit synthetic media would cause the identifiable person substantial emotional distress; provides for criminal penalties; provides for exceptions.
Idaho	H 664	Freedom From AI-Rigged (FAIR) Elections Act	Enacted	Provides that a candidate whose action or speech is deceptively represented through the use of synthetic media in an electioneering communication may seek injunctive or other equitable relief prohibiting the publication of such synthetic media; provides that a candidate whose action or speech is deceptively represented through the use of synthetic media in an electioneering communication may bring an action for damages; provides an affirmative defense if the communication includes a specified disclosure.
Illinois	H 3285	Artificial Intelligence Consent Act	Pending	Creates the Artificial Intelligence Consent Act; provides that if a person creates an image or video that uses AI to mimic or replicate another person's voice or likeness in a manner that would otherwise deceive an average viewer and displays the content for public viewing, the creator must provide a disclosure on the bottom of the image or video that the image or video is not authentic and does not reflect the original voice or likeness of the person being depicted.
Illinois	H 4623	Vehicle Code	Pending	Provides that a person who is convicted of obscene depiction of a purported child is ineligible to receive a school bus driver permit; provides that a person convicted of committing or attempting to commit obscene depiction of a purported child is ineligible for a CDL with a school bus driver endorsement; provides that child pornography does not include images or materials in which the creator of the image or materials is the sole subject of the depiction.
Illinois	H 4624	Election Code	Pending	Amends the Election Code; in provisions concerning the prevention of voting or candidate support and conspiracy to prevent voting, provides that the term deception or forgery includes, but is not limited to the creation and distribution of a digital replica or deceptive social media content that a reasonable person would incorrectly believe is a true depiction of an individual, is made by a government official or candidate for office within the state, or is an announcement or communication.
Illinois	H 4644	Election Code	Pending	Amends the Election Code; provides that a person shall not distribute, or enter into an agreement with another person to distribute, materially deceptive media if: the person knows the media falsely represents a depicted individual; the distribution occurs within specified number of days before an election; the person intends the distribution to harm the reputation or electoral prospects of a candidate in an election and the distribution is reasonably likely to cause that result.
Illinois	H 4762	Digital Voice and Likeness Protection Act	Pending	Creates the Digital Voice and Likeness Protection Act; removes a provision that provides that any person who is currently under, or has entered, an agreement with an individual performing personal or professional services containing an unenforceable provision shall notify that individual in writing that the provision is unenforceable by the specified date.
Illinois	H 4763	Digital Forgeries Act	Pending	Creates the Digital Forgeries Act; provides that an individual depicted in a digital forgery has a cause of action against any person who, without the consent of the depicted individual, knowingly distributes a digital forgery, creates a digital forgery with intent to distribute, or solicits the creation of a digital forgery with the intent to distribute: to harass, extort, threaten, or cause physical, emotional, reputational, or economic harm to an individual falsely depicted.
Illinois	H 4837	Criminal Code of 2012 and Child Pornography	Pending	Amends the Criminal Code of 2012; provides that for purposes of violating the child pornography law, depicting a person under specified years of age personally engaging in or personally simulating any act of sexual penetration or sexual conduct includes a representation of a real or fictitious person through use of artificially intelligent software or computer-generated means, who is, or who a reasonable person would regard as being, a real person under specified years of age.
Illinois	H 4869	Consumer Fraud and Deceptive Business Practices Act	Pending	Amends the Consumer Fraud and Deceptive Business Practices Act; provides that any person who, for any commercial purpose, makes, publishes, disseminates, airs, circulates, or places an advertisement for goods or services before the public or causes, directly or indirectly, an advertisement for goods or services to be made, published, disseminated, aired, circulated, or placed before the public, that the person knows or should have known contains synthetic media.
Illinois	H 4875	Publicity Act	Pending	Amends the Right of Publicity Act; grants additional enforcement rights and remedies to recording artists; provides for the liability of any person who materially contributes to, induces, or otherwise facilitates a violation of a specified provision of the act by another party after having reason to know that the other party is in violation; limits, in a subsection concerning enforcement of rights and remedies by recording artists, references to enforcement of rights and remedies.
Illinois	H 4933	Digital Forgeries in Politics Act	Pending	Creates the Digital Forgeries in Politics Act; provides that an individual depicted in a digital forgery who is an resident and a candidate for office in this state has a cause of action against any person who knowingly distributes, or enters into an agreement with another person to distribute, a digital forgery if the distribution occurs within specified number of days before a regular election.
Illinois	H 5594	Digital Replicas	Pending	Creates the Nurture Originals, Foster Art and Keep Entertainment Safe Act, which may be referred to as the NO FAKES Act; creates a civil action for a violation of specified provisions may be brought by an individual, the image, voice, or visual likeness of whom is used in the digital replica that is the subject of the action; provides that any other person that owns or controls; includes by virtue of an exclusive license, the rights to the image, voice, or visual likeness of this individual.
Illinois	S 1392	Digital Forgeries Act	Pending	Creates the Digital Forgeries Act; provides that an individual depicted in a digital forgery has a cause of action against any person who, without the consent of the depicted individual, knowingly distributes a digital forgery, creates a digital forgery with intent to distribute, or solicits the creation of a digital forgery with the intent to distribute in order to harass, extort, threaten, or cause physical, emotional, reputational, or economic harm to an individual falsely depicted.
Illinois	S 1742	Election Code	Pending	Amends the Election Code; provides that a person commits a Class A misdemeanor if the person, with intent to injure a candidate or influence the result of an election, creates a deepfake video and causes the deepfake video to be published or distributed within 30 days of an election.
Illinois	S 2741	Unlawful Deepfake and Minors	Pending	Amends the Criminal Code of 2012; creates the offense of unlawful deepfake of a minor engaging in sexual activity; provides that any person who, with knowledge that the material is a deepfake depicting a minor under 18 years of age, knowingly distributes, advertises, exhibits, exchanges with, promotes, or sells any material that depicts a minor engaging in sexual conduct or sexual penetration is guilty of a Class 1 felony.
Illinois	S 2762	Election Code	Pending	Amends the Election Code; provides that, if a person, committee, or other entity creates, originally publishes, or originally distributes a qualified political advertisement, the qualified political advertisement shall include, in a clear and conspicuous manner, a statement that the qualified political advertisement was generated in whole or substantially by AI that satisfies specified requirements; provides for civil penalties and exceptions to the provision.
Illinois	S 2786	Digital Forgeries Act	Pending	Creates the Digital Forgeries Act; provides that an individual depicted in a digital forgery has a cause of action against any person who, without the consent of the depicted individual, knowingly distributes a digital forgery, creates a digital forgery with intent to distribute, or solicits the creation of a digital forgery with the intent to distribute: in order to harass, extort, threaten, or cause physical, emotional, reputational, or economic harm to an individual falsely depicted.
Illinois	S 2940	Vehicle Code	Pending	Amends the Vehicle Code; provides that a person who is convicted of obscene depiction of a purported child is ineligible to receive a school bus driver permit; amends the Criminal Code of 2012; provides that child pornography includes the depiction of a part of an actual child under 18 who by manipulation, creation, or modification, appears to be engaged in sexual activity.
Illinois	S 2983	Election Code and Vote Prevention	Pending	Amends the Election Code; relates to provisions concerning the prevention of voting or candidate support and conspiracy to prevent voting, provides that the term deception or forgery includes, but is not limited to the creation and distribution of a digital replica or deceptive social media content that a reasonable person would incorrectly believe is a true depiction of an individual, is made by a government official or candidate for office within the state, or is an announcement or communication made.
Illinois	S 3248	Artificial Intelligence and Fake Replicas	Pending	Creates the No Artificial Intelligence Fake Replicas and Unauthorized Duplications Act and may be referred to as the No AI Fraud Act; defines terms such as personalized cloning service, digital voice replica, voice, likeness and digital technology; provides that every individual has a property right in his or her own likeness and voice; creates a private cause of action against any person or entity who, without consent of the individual whose voice or likeness rights are affected.
Illinois	S 3325	Right of Publicity Act	Pending	Amends the Right of Publicity Act; grants additional enforcement rights and remedies to recording artists; provides for the liability of any person who materially contributes to, induces, or otherwise facilitates a violation of a specified provision of the act by another party after having reason to know that the other party is in violation; deletes the phrase exercise and the phrase exercised and, in the provisions regarding a recording artist enforcing remedies under this act.
Illinois	S 3705	Digital Voice and Likeness Protection Act	Pending	Creates the Digital Voice and Likeness Protection Act; provides that a provision in an agreement between an individual and any other person for the performance of personal or professional services is contrary to public policy and is deemed unenforceable if the provision meets all of the following conditions, the provision allows for the creation and use of a digital replica of the individual's voice or likeness in place of work the individual would otherwise have performed in person.
Indiana	H 1047	Sexual Offenses	Enacted	Relates to an action for injury to a person that: results from the sexual abuse of a child, is barred due to the expiration of the statute of limitations period and is brought against a congressionally chartered organization that was incorporated before June 16, 1916.
Indiana	H 1133	Digitally Altered Media in Elections	Enacted	Defines fabricated media; provides that if a campaign communication includes fabricated media depicting a candidate, the person that paid for the campaign communication must include a disclaimer, separate from the disclaimer; provides that a candidate depicted in fabricated media that is included in a campaign communication that does not include a disclaimer required may bring a civil action.
Indiana	H 1225	Fabricated Media Usage	Failed - Adjourned	Relates to use of fabricated media; defines fabricated media as recorded audio, a recorded image, or recorded video of an individual's speech, appearance, or conduct, that has been altered without the individual's consent such that, the media conveys a materially inaccurate depiction of the individual's speech, appearance, or conduct and a reasonable person would be unable to recognize that the recording has been altered.
Indiana	H 1228	Fabricated Media	Failed - Adjourned	Relates to fabricated media; defines fabricated media as recorded audio, a recorded image, or recorded video of an individual's speech, appearance, or conduct, that has been altered without the individual's consent such that, the media conveys a materially inaccurate depiction of the individual's speech, appearance, or conduct as recorded in the unaltered recording and a reasonable person would be unable to recognize that the recording has been altered.
Indiana	H 1283	Altered Media in Elections Usage	Failed - Adjourned	Relates to use of altered media in elections; defines fabricated media; allows a candidate depicted in fabricated media disseminated by a person in violation of this prohibition to bring a civil action against the person and specifies the relief that a court may grant a prevailing plaintiff.
Indiana	S 7	Use of Fabricated Media in Elections	Failed - Adjourned	Relates to use of fabricated media in elections; defines fabricated media as any of the following that is created through a generative adversarial network or other generative AI technology, an altered facsimile of an audio or visual recording depicting an individual's speech, appearance, or conduct, the alteration of which, is made without the individual's consent, results in a materially inaccurate depiction of the individual's speech, appearance, or conduct.
Iowa	H 2048	Harassment	Failed	Relates to harassment by the dissemination, publishing, distribution, or posting of a visual depiction showing another person in a state of full or partial nudity or engaged in a sex act that has been altered to falsely depict another person and makes penalties applicable.
Iowa	H 2049	Sexual Exploitation of a Minor	Failed	Relates to sexual exploitation of a minor by the creation, adaptation, or modification of a visual depiction to give the appearance that an identifiable minor is engaged in a prohibited sexual act or the simulation of a prohibited sexual act and making penalties applicable.
Iowa	H 2241	Sexual Exploitation of a Minor	Failed	Relates to sexual exploitation of a minor by the creation, adaptation, or modification of a visual depiction to give the appearance that an identifiable minor is engaged in a prohibited sexual act or the simulation of a prohibited sexual act and makes penalties applicable.
Iowa	H 2499	Publication of Synthetic Media Concerning an Election	Failed - Adjourned	Relates to the publication of synthetic media concerning an election and provides penalties.
Iowa	H 2549	Conduct of Elections	Failed - Adjourned	Relates to the conduct of elections, including the use of AI and deceptive statements and provides penalties.
Iowa	S 2136	Sexual Exploitation of a Minor	Failed - Adjourned	Relates to sexual exploitation of a minor by the creation, adaptation, or modification of a visual depiction to give the appearance that an identifiable minor is engaged in a prohibited sexual act or the simulation of a prohibited sexual act and makes penalties applicable.
Iowa	S 2243	Sexual Exploitation of a Minor	Enacted	Relates to sexual exploitation of a minor by the creation, adaptation, or modification of a visual depiction to give the appearance that an identifiable minor is engaged in a prohibited sexual act or the simulation of a prohibited sexual act and makes penalties applicable.
Iowa	S 2318	Publication of Synthetic Media Concerning an Election	Failed - Adjourned	Relates to the publication of synthetic media concerning an election and provides penalties.
Kansas	H 2559	Generative Artificial Intelligence in Election Campaign	Failed	Relates to prohibiting the use of generative AI to create false representations of candidates in election campaign media or of state officials.
Kansas	H 2576	Signed Statements of Fair Campaign Practices	Pending	Relates to requiring the publication of signed statements of fair campaign practices and providing a cause of action for violations of such statements.
Kansas	S 375	Generative Artificial Intelligence in Election Campaign	Pending	Relates to prohibiting the use of generative AI to create false representations of candidates in election campaign media or of state officials.
Kansas	S 525	The Protection Against Deepfakes Act	Pending	Relates to creating the protection against deepfakes act to provide a cause of action for damages arising from the use of generative AI to create an image or likeness of another person without such person's consent for use in obscene material.
Kentucky	H 45	Privacy Protection	Failed - Adjourned	Defines terms related to automated license plate readers; establishes limitations on use and sale of data captured by automated license plate readers; defines terms and establishes limitations on the use of an unmanned aircraft system; establishes a cause of action for the unauthorized use of an unmanned aircraft system; establishes a statute of limitations for an action filed for the unauthorized use of an unmanned aircraft system; defines terms and establishes limitations on deepfakes.
Kentucky	H 82	Child Pornography	Failed - Adjourned	Includes any computer-generated image, picture, or motion picture in the definition of matter; makes technical corrections.
Kentucky	H 207	Crimes and Punishments	Enacted	Defines child sex doll and traffic; provides that a person is guilty of trafficking a child sex doll when he or she knowingly traffics a child sex doll; provides that any person who has in his or her possession more than one child sex doll shall be rebuttably presumed to have that child sex doll in his or her possession with the intent to traffic it.
Kentucky	S 131	Election Provisions	Failed - Adjourned	Defines electioneering communication, information content provider, interactive computer service, sponsor and synthetic media; establishes a cause of action for the use of synthetic media in an electioneering communication; establishes an affirmative defense that the electioneering communication includes a conspicuous disclosure; provides that the sponsor of the electioneering communication may be held liable, but the medium is not liable, except in certain circumstances.
Kentucky	S 317	Commercial Rights to Individuals	Failed - Adjourned	Defines terms; establishes property rights in every individual's name, voice, or likeness; establishes how those property rights may be transferred or terminated; provides for liability, enforcement and damages resulting from violation of those property rights.
Louisiana	H 154	Elections and Candidates	Pending	Provides for prohibited political materials and applicable criminal penalties.
Louisiana	S 6	Crime and Punishment	Pending	Prohibits the distribution of misleading synthetic media.
Louisiana	S 9	Liability	Pending	Provides for civil liability for distributing certain synthetic media.
Louisiana	S 97	Political Campaigns	Pending	Regulates the use of deepfakes and AI technology in political advertising.
Louisiana	S 217	Election Code	Pending	Defines deepfake in the Election Code.
Maine	None
Maryland	H 145	Revenge Porn Visual Representation	Pending	Clarifies what constitutes a visual representation for purposes of a certain prohibition against distributing a certain visual representation in a certain manner.
Maryland	H 872	Campaign Materials Synthetic Media Use Disclosure	Pending	Requires that candidates, campaign finance entities and certain other persons, or agents of candidates, campaign finance entities, or certain other persons, that publish, distribute, or disseminate, or cause to be published, distributed, or disseminated, to another person in the state certain campaign materials that use or contain synthetic media include a certain disclosure in a certain manner.
Maryland	H 1062	Digitally Altered or Generated Visual Representations	Pending	Prohibits a person from knowingly distributing an intentionally digitally altered or generated representation of another identifiable person that displays the other person with his or her intimate parts exposed or while engaging in an act of sexual activity under certain circumstances; establishes a certain cause of action for a victim of a violation of the act.
Maryland	S 65	Child Pornography Prohibitions	Pending	Prohibits a person from possessing more than specified number of images of certain child pornography or possessing images of certain child pornography depicting a minor or an individual indistinguishable from a minor under certain age.
Maryland	S 858	Revenge Porn Civil Action and Reporting Requirement	Pending	Authorizes a person to bring a civil action for the nonconsensual distribution of a visual representation of the person with the person's intimate parts exposed or while the person is engaged in sexual activity; authorizes the attorney general to bring a civil action under the act; prohibits visual representations in court documents under the act from being made available for public inspection; requires the Administrative Office of the Courts to submit a certain annual report to the General Assembly.
Maryland	S 978	Election Law Synthetic Media Disclosure and Regulation	Pending	Requires certain persons that publish, distribute, or disseminate, or cause to be published, distributed, or disseminated synthetic media, to publish on their website or submit to the state Board of Elections for publication certain original media content; requires certain persons that publish, distribute, or disseminate or cause to be published, distributed, or disseminated synthetic media to include a certain disclosure in a certain manner.
Massachusetts	H 72	Deepfake and Digital Provenance Task Force	Pending	Establishes a state Deepfake and Digital Provenance Task Force to protect against deepfakes used to facilitate criminal or torturous conduct.
Massachusetts	H 4406	Deepfake and Digital Content Forgery	Pending	Relates to establishing a task force on the use of deepfake and digital content forgery.
Massachusetts	S 2703	Prevent Abuse and Exploitation	Pending	Relates to prevent abuse and exploitation.
Massachusetts	S 2710	Abuse and Exploitation Prevention	Pending	Relates to the prevention of abuse and exploitation (House, No. 4241, amended) (being the text of Senate document numbered 2703, printed as amended).
Massachusetts	S 2730	Election Communications	Pending	Relates to deceptive and fraudulent deepfakes in election communications.
Michigan	H 5142	Campaign Finances	Pending	Modifies sentencing guidelines for campaign finance violations.
Michigan	H 5569	Civil Actions	Pending	Provides cause of action for media that falsely depicts an individual engaging in sexual conduct.
Michigan	H 5570	Deepfake Images	Pending	Enacts guidelines for dissemination of deepfake sexual images.
Minnesota	H 2391	Crime of Digital Picture or Recording Misrepresentation	Pending	Relates to crime; provides for the crime of digital picture and recording misrepresentation.
Minnesota	H 2890	State Government	Pending	Relates to state government; provides for certain crime, public safety, victim, sentencing, expungement, clemency, evidence, policing, private security, corrections, firearm, controlled substances, community supervision and 911 Emergency Communication System policy provisions in statutes and laws; provides for reports; authorizes rulemaking; appropriates money.
Minnesota	H 3625	Public Safety	Pending	Relates to public safety; modifies the deepfake election crime; disqualifies a convicted person from holding elected office.
Minnesota	H 4772	Voting Rights	Pending	Relates to elections; provides for policy and technical changes to elections and campaign finance provisions, including elections administration, campaign finance and lobbying and census and redistricting; establishes the Minnesota Voting Rights Act; modifies the crime of using deepfakes to influence election.
Minnesota	S 1026	Digital Picture and Recording Misrepresentation	Pending	Relates to crime; provides for the crime of digital picture and recording misrepresentation.
Minnesota	S 1267	Public Safety	Pending	Relates to public safety; modifies certain policy for corrections, probation, public safety, law enforcement and crime; provides for a report.
Minnesota	S 3550	Public Safety	Pending	Relates to public safety; modifies the deepfake election crime; disqualifies a convicted person from holding elected office.
Minnesota	S 4003	Higher Education	Failed	Relates to higher education; makes policy and technical changes to certain higher education provisions including student sexual misconduct, student aid and institutional licensure provisions; imposes requirements for contracts with online programming companies; establishes policies and procedures for students with disabilities; requires reports.
Minnesota	S 4029	Public Safety	Pending	Relates to public safety; modifies the deepfake election crime.
Minnesota	S 4729	Elections	Failed	Modifies various provisions related to election administration; modifies various provisions relating to campaign finance and lobbying; amends requirements related to voter registration; amends absentee voting laws; modifies the authority of the Campaign Finance and Public Disclosure Board to impose a civil penalty and late fees; amends electioneering communications laws; requires the allocation and exclusion of certain incarcerated persons based on their last known address.
Mississippi	H 1267	Political Communications	Failed	Creates a new section of law to provide that if any political communications were generated in whole or in part by synthetic media using AI algorithms, then such political communications shall have a clear and prominent disclaimer stating that the information contained in the political communication was generated using AI algorithms; provides that if any published campaign materials or published printed materials were generated in whole or in part.
Mississippi	H 1504	Campaign Finance Laws	Failed	Revises the campaign finance laws; provides definitions for candidate committee and independent expenditure only committee; provides the content of the statement of organization for a candidate committee; requires both candidate committees and political committees to keep detailed accounts of funds received or expended by the committee; provides when those accounts may be viewed.
Mississippi	H 1689	Election Crime for Dissemination of a Deepfake	Failed	Provides that a person who disseminates a deepfake shall be guilty of a crime if the person knows or had reason to know that the information being disseminated is a deepfake and the dissemination occurs within 90 days of an election, was disseminated without the consent of the depicted individual and was disseminated with the intent to injure a candidate, influence the result of an election or deter any person from voting; provides definitions; provides the sentencing for the crime.
Mississippi	S 2288	Unlawful Dissemination of Intimate Image	Failed	Criminalizes the unlawful dissemination or publication of an intimate or nonintimate image or audio created or altered by digitization where the image or audio is disseminated or published with intent to cause harm to the emotional, financial or physical welfare of another person and the actor knew or reasonably should have known that the person depicted did not consent to such dissemination or publication; defines terms; provides that the crimes include the use of images or audio created or altered.
Mississippi	S 2423	Political Advertisements Using AI	Failed	Requires qualified political advertisements that use AI to disclose the use of AI to the public; defines what is considered a qualified political advertisement and AI as used in this section; clarifies what information must be present in an advertisement to satisfy the disclosure requirement; specifies who is not liable for the failure of disclosure of the use of AI.
Mississippi	S 2577	Wrongful Dissemination of Digitizations	Enacted	Creates criminal penalties for the wrongful dissemination of digitizations.
Mississippi	S 2585	Campaign Finance Reform	Failed	Defines campaign committee and independent expenditure only committee; requires candidates and political committees to file a statement of organization prior to receiving contributions and making expenditures; requires candidate committees to file reports and amend the political committee filing process; requires a candidate committee to file a termination report to terminate obligations to submit required reports.
Mississippi	S 2778	Mississippians Right to Name Likeness and Voice Act	Failed	Establishes a short title for the Mississippians' Right to Name, Likeness and Voice Act; provide that every individual has a property right in their own name, likeness and voice; provides certain liability for persons or entity who infringe on an individual's rights under this act; provides a First Amendment defense to civil actions brought under this act; provides liability for the commercial use of an individual's name, voice, or likeness.
Missouri	H 2573	Penalties for Disclosure of Intimate Digital Depictions	Pending	Creates the offense and civil penalties for disclosure of intimate digital depictions.
Missouri	H 2628	Distribution of Synthetic Media	Pending	Creates the offense of distribution of synthetic media relating to elections or candidates for public office.
Missouri	S 1424	Disclosure of Intimate Digital Depictions	Pending	Establishes provisions relating to the civil and criminal liability of disclosure of intimate digital depictions.
Missouri	S 1444	Digitally Altered Media	Pending	Creates provisions relating to digitally altered media.
Montana	No 2024 regular session
Nebraska	L 1203	Nebraska Political Accountability and Disclosure Act	Failed - Adjourned	Regulates AI in media and political advertisement under the Nebraska Political Accountability and Disclosure Act.
Nebraska	L 1390	Elections Certain Activities Prohibition	Failed - Adjourned	Requires a report and prohibit certain activities related to elections and to change and provide penalties.
Nevada	No 2024 regular session
New Hampshire	H 1432	Artificial Intelligence	Pending	Establishes the crime of fraudulent use of deepfakes and sets penalties therefor; establishes a cause of action for fraudulent use of deepfakes; prohibits registration of lobbyists who have been found to have fraudulently used deepfakes in certain cases; provides that a person is guilty of a Class B felony if the person knowingly creates, distributes, or presents any likeness in video, audio, or any other media of an identifiable individual that constitutes a deepfake for certain purposes.
New Hampshire	H 1500	Unlawful Distribution of Misleading Synthetic Media	Pending	Establishes the crimes of unlawful distribution of misleading synthetic media and unlawful distribution of election-related misleading synthetic media.
New Hampshire	H 1596	Artificial Intelligence Usage in Political Advertising	Pending	Requires a disclosure of deceptive AI usage in political advertising; requires the disclosure of deceptive synthetic media and deceptive and fraudulent deepfakes usage in political advertising.
New Hampshire	H 1688	Artificial Intelligence	Pending	Relates to the use of AI by state agencies; prohibits state agencies from using AI to manipulate, discriminate, or surveil members of the public.
New Hampshire	H 1710	Prohibited Use of Synthetic Media	Failed	Creates a civil cause of action for distribution of misleading synthetic media and creates certain requirements and remedies for the use of synthetic media in election contexts; provides that a person engages in distribution of misleading synthetic media when the person purposely distributes or makes publicly available synthetic media purported to be of or by an identifiable person without the consent of the identifiable person, without displaying a conspicuous notice and with the intent to mislead.
New Jersey	A 1604	Intentionally Deceptive Media Disclosures	Pending	Requires certain disclosures of intentionally deceptive audio or visual media.
New Jersey	A 1892	Deepfake Pornography	Pending	Prohibits deepfake pornography and imposes criminal and civil penalties for nonconsensual disclosure.
New Jersey	A 2364	Deepfake Technology Unit	Pending	Establishes a Deepfake Technology Unit in the Department of Law and Public Safety; appropriates a specified amount.
New Jersey	A 2509	Child Pornography Law	Pending	Revises child pornography law.
New Jersey	A 2818	Deceptive Audio or Visual Election Media	Pending	Prohibits and imposes criminal penalty on distribution of certain intentionally deceptive audio or visual media within a specified number of days of election.
New Jersey	A 2819	Deceptive Audio or Visual Media	Pending	Prohibits creation or disclosure of deceptive audio or visual media, known as deepfakes, under certain circumstances.
New Jersey	A 3540	Deceptive Audio or Visual Media	Pending	Establishes criminal penalties for production or dissemination of deceptive audio or visual media, commonly known as deepfakes.
New Jersey	A 3838	Deceptive Audio or Visual Media	Pending	Prohibits distribution of certain intentionally deceptive audio or visual media within 60 days of election with intent to deceive voter.
New Jersey	A 3912	Identity Theft	Pending	Extends crime of identity theft to include fraudulent impersonation or false depiction by means of AI or deepfake technology.
New Jersey	AR 129	Deepfakes of Intimate Images Prevention	Pending	Urges Congress to enact Preventing Deepfakes of Intimate Images Act.
New Jersey	S 736	Fraudulent Impersonations or False Depictions	Pending	Expands crime of identity theft to include fraudulent impersonation or false depiction by means of AI or deepfake technology.
New Jersey	S 976	Deepfake Pornography	Pending	Prohibits deepfake pornography and imposes criminal and civil penalties for non-consensual disclosure.
New Jersey	S 2483	Deceptive Audio or Visual Media	Pending	Prohibits creation or disclosure of deceptive audio or visual media, known as deepfakes, under certain circumstances.
New Jersey	S 2543	Deceptive Audio or Visual Media During Elections	Pending	Prohibits and imposes criminal penalty on distribution of certain intentionally deceptive audio or visual media within 90 days of election.
New Jersey	S 2544	Deceptive Audio or Visual Media	Pending	Establishes criminal penalties for production or dissemination of deceptive audio or visual media, commonly known as deepfakes.
New Jersey	S 2545	Deepfake Technology Unit	Pending	Establishes a Deepfake Technology Unit in the Department of Law and Public Safety; appropriates a specified sum.
New Mexico	H 182	Campaign Reporting Act	Enacted	Provides that if a person creates, produces or purchases an advertisement that contains materially deceptive media, which includes but is not limited to AI, the advertisement shall include a disclaimer; creates the crime of distributing or entering into an agreement with another person to distribute materially deceptive media to, among other things, mislead electors; provides for civil and criminal penalties.
New York	A 216	Advertisements Disclosing the Use of Synthetic Media	Pending	Provides that any person engaged in the business of dealing in any property or service who for any commercial purpose makes, publishes, disseminates, circulates or places before the public or causes, directly or indirectly, to be made, published, disseminated, circulated or placed before the public any advertisement respecting any such property or service shall disclose if synthetic media is in such advertisement, where such person knows or should have known; provides for civil penalties for violations.
New York	A 3596	Deepfake Images	Pending	Provides that a person is guilty of unlawful dissemination or publication of an intimate image when they intentionally disseminate or publish a still or video image depicting another person with one or more intimate parts exposed or engaging in sexual conduct with another person, including an image created or altered by digitization, where such person may reasonably be identified and the actor knew or reasonably should have known that the person depicted did not consent to dissemination.
New York	A 4217	Crime of Aggravated Harassment	Pending	Establishes the crime of aggravated harassment by means of electronic or digital communication; provides for a private right of action for the unlawful dissemination or publication of deepfakes, which are digitized images which are altered to incorporate a person's face or their identifiable body part onto an image and such image depicts a pornographic or lewd sex act or graphic violence.
New York	A 5631	New York State Fashion Workers Act	Pending	Enacts the New York State Fashion Workers Act.
New York	A 6319	Consumers Foundational Data Privacy Rights	Pending	Establishes consumers' foundational data privacy rights; creates oversight mechanisms; establishes enforcement mechanisms; establishes the Privacy and Security Victims' Relief Fund.
New York	A 6775	Unlawful Dissemination or Publication	Pending	Establishes the crime of unlawful dissemination or publication of a fabricated photographic, videographic, or audio record as a class E felony.
New York	A 6790	Creation of Synthetic Media	Pending	Provides that a person who, with intent to injure a candidate or unduly influence the outcome of an election, creates or causes to be created a fabricated photographic, videographic, or audio record and causes such fabricated photographic, videographic, or audio record to be disseminated or published within a specified number of days of an election shall be guilty of a Class E felony; specifies exceptions.
New York	A 7106	Political Artificial Intelligence Disclaimer (PAID) Act	Pending	Amends the Election Law, in relation to the use and disclosure of synthetic media; provides that any political communication which was produced by or includes any synthetic media shall be required to disclose the use of such synthetic media; provides that the disclosure on printed or digital political communications, including but not limited to brochures, flyers, posters, mailings, or internet advertising shall be printed or typed in an appropriate legible form.
New York	A 7904	Disclosure of the Use of Artificial Intelligence	Pending	Requires disclosure of the use of AI in political communications; directs the state board of elections to create criteria for determining whether a political communication contains an image or video footage created through generative AI and to create a definition of content generated by AI.
New York	A 8105	Oaths of Responsible Use Requirement	Pending	Provides that every operator of a generative or surveillance advanced AI system that is accessible to residents of the state shall require a user to create an account prior to utilizing such service; provides that prior to each user creating an account, such operator shall present the user with a conspicuous digital or physical document that the user must affirm under penalty of perjury prior to the creation or continued use of such account.
New York	A 8138	Contract Requirements for Digital Replicas	Pending	Establishes contract requirements for contracts involving the creation and use of digital replicas.
New York	A 8158	Publications Using Artificial Intelligence	Pending	Requires that every newspaper, magazine or other publication printed or electronically published in the state, which contains the use of generative AI or other information communication technology, shall identify that certain parts of such newspaper, magazine, or publication were composed through the use of AI or other information communication technology.
New York	A 8808	Transportation and Economic Development Budget	Enacted	Enacts into law major components of legislation necessary to implement the state transportation, economic development and environmental conservation budget for the specified state fiscal year.
New York	A 9028	Disclosure of Political Communication Produced by AI	Pending	Requires the disclosure of political communication produced by AI technology; defines terms; provides that any person who, with intent to damage a candidate or deceive the electorate, creates and disseminates artificial media shall be guilty of a Class E felony; establishes the Fair Use of Artificial Intelligence Code; makes related provisions.
New York	A 9054	Political Communication Using Generative AI	Pending	Prohibits political communication containing any photo, video or audio depiction of a candidate created in whole or in part using generative AI.
New York	A 9180	New York AI Child Safety Act	Pending	Enacts the New York AI Child Safety Act; relates to the unlawful promotion or possession of a sexual performance of a child created by digitization; defines terms; increases penalties from a Class D or E felony to a class C felony.
New York	A 9181	Swift Act	Pending	Enacts the Swift Act; defines terms; requires social media platforms to promptly remove unlawful publications of intimate images within 24 hours of the submission of the report; provides for attorney general enforcement; makes unlawful dissemination or publication of an intimate image a Class E felony.
New York	A 9816	Candidate Depicted in Materially Deceptive Media	Pending	Permits a candidate who was depicted in materially deceptive media in a political communication to seek injunctive or other equitable relief prohibiting the publication of such materially deceptive media unless certain disclosures are provided; establishes an affirmative defense.
New York	S 5583	Aggravated Harassment by Electronic Communication	Pending	Establishes the crime of aggravated harassment by means of electronic or digital communication; provides for a private right of action for the unlawful dissemination or publication of deepfakes, which are digitized images which are altered to incorporate a person's face or their identifiable body part onto an image and such image depicts a pornographic or lewd sex act or graphic violence.
New York	S 6638	Political Artificial Intelligence Disclaimer Act	Pending	Provides that all political committees that make an expenditure for a political communication shall be required to disclose the identity of the political committee which made the expenditure for such political communication; provides that any political communication which was produced by or includes any synthetic media shall be required to disclose the use of such synthetic media; provides that all committees shall keep records of their use of synthetic media during each campaign cycle.
New York	S 6859	Advertisement Disclosures	Pending	Amends the General Business Law; requires advertisements to disclose the use of synthetic media; imposes a $1,000 civil penalty for a first violation and a $5,000 penalty for any subsequent violation.
New York	S 7592	Disclosure of the Use of Artificial Intelligence	Pending	Requires disclosure of the use of AI in political communications; provides that any political communication, regardless of whether such communication is considered a substantial or nominal expenditure, that uses an image or video footage that was generated in whole or in part with the use of AI, as defined by the state board of elections, shall be required to disclose that AI was used in such communication.
New York	S 7676	Contract Requirements	Pending	Establishes contract requirements for contracts involving the creation and use of digital replicas.
New York	S 7881	Dissemination of Sexual Images	Pending	Establishes that when an actor threatens to disseminate or publish a still or video image depicting such other person with one or more intimate parts exposed or engaging in sexual conduct with another person, including a still or video image created or altered by digitization, where such person may reasonably be identified from the still or video image itself or from information displayed in connection with the still or video image within the provisions of unlawful dissemination.
New York	S 8308	Transportation and Economic Development Budget	Pending	Enacts into law major components of legislation necessary to implement the state transportation, economic development and environmental conservation budget for the specified state fiscal year.
New York	S 8400	Creation of Synthetic Media to Influence Election	Pending	Provides that a person who, with intent to injure a candidate or unduly influence the outcome of an election, creates or causes to be created a fabricated photographic, videographic, or audio record and causes such fabricated photographic, videographic, or audio record to be disseminated or published within a specified number of days of an election shall be guilty of a Class E felony; exempts dissemination or publication of synthetic media that was created for the purpose of political or social commentary.
New York	S 8510	Prohibition on Sexually Explicit Depictions	Pending	Prohibits disseminating, publishing, distributing, or accessing certain sexually explicit depictions of individuals or children; establishes affirmative defense of consent; prohibits consent to such depictions by anyone under 18 years of age; makes such crimes eligible for bail; includes certain crimes as sex offenses.
New York	S 8631	Candidate Depicted in Materially Deceptive Media	Pending	Permits a candidate who was depicted in materially deceptive media in a political communication to seek injunctive or other equitable relief prohibiting the publication of such materially deceptive media unless certain disclosures are provided; establishes an affirmative defense.
North Carolina	None
North Dakota	No 2024 regular session
N. Mariana Islands	Not available
Ohio	H 367	Regards Unauthorized Use of An Individual's Persona	Pending	Makes changes to the law relating to the unauthorized use of an individual's persona and to prohibit certain unauthorized deepfake recordings.
Ohio	H 401	Offense of Nonconsensual Distribution of Deepfake	Pending	Creates the offense of nonconsensual distribution of a deepfake.
Ohio	H 410	Deepfake Media Dissemination	Pending	Regulates the dissemination of deepfake media for the purpose of influencing the results of an election.
Ohio	S 217	AI Generated Product Watermark	Pending	Requires AI-generated products have a watermark, to prohibit simulated child pornography and to prohibit identity fraud using a replica of a person.
Oklahoma	H 3073	Crimes and Punishments	Pending	Provides that a person who disseminates or publishes a digitization depicting another person's name, image, voice, or likeness without their written consent and attempts to deceive with the intent to cause emotional, financial, or physical harm shall be guilty of a misdemeanor on a first offense; provides that any digitization shall include a disclosure that the image is a digitization; provides that failure to disclose shall result in a misdemeanor; provides for penalties.
Oklahoma	H 3642	Oklahoma Law on Obscenity and Child Pornography	Enacted	Relates to crimes and punishments; relates to the Oklahoma law on obscenity and child pornography; modifies scope of certain unlawful act; relates to any visual depiction of a child that has been adapted, altered, or modified so that the child depicted appears to be engaged in any act of sexually explicit conduct; concerns to any visual depiction that appears to be a child, regardless of whether the image is a depiction of an actual child, a computer-generated image, or an image altered.
Oklahoma	H 3825	Elections and Definition	Pending	Relates to elections; defines terms; prohibits deceptive and fraudulent deepfakes of candidates for elective office; provides exception with certain disclosure; provides for certain relief; provides for penalties; provides exemptions; provides for codification; provides an effective date.
Oklahoma	H 3865	Crimes and Punishments	Pending	Relates to crimes and punishments; relates to the state law on obscenity and child pornography; expands scope of crime to include materials and pornography generated via AI; modifies certain terms to include AI-generated images; defines term; provides an effective date.
Oklahoma	H 4104	Crimes and Punishments	Pending	Relates to crime and punishments; expands scope of certain crimes to include deceptive audio or visual media; effective date.
Oklahoma	S 1655	Prohibited Media Distributions During Elections	Pending	Provides that a person, corporation, committee, or other entity shall not, within a specified number of days prior to an election at which a candidate for elective office will appear on the ballot, distribute a synthetic media message that the person, corporation, committee, or other entity knows or should have known is a deceptive and fraudulent deepfake of a candidate or party on the state or local ballot.
Oregon	S 1571	AI in Campaign Ads	Enacted	Relates to the use of AI in campaign communications; provides that a campaign communication that includes any form of synthetic media must include a disclosure stating that the image, audio recording or video recording has been manipulated; provides that the secretary of state may institute proceedings to enjoin any violation of this requirement; provides that the court shall impose a civil penalty.
Pennsylvania	H 1063	Sexual Abuse of Children	Pending	Amends specified title on crimes and offenses of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in sexual offenses; provides for the offense of unlawful dissemination of artificially generated depiction; relates to minors; provides for the offense of sexual abuse of children and for the offense of transmission of sexually explicit images by minor.
Pennsylvania	H 1373	Artificially Generated Impersonation of Individual	Pending	Amends specified title of crimes and offenses of the state Consolidated Statutes, in forgery and fraudulent practices; provides for the offense of unauthorized dissemination of artificially generated impersonation of individual.
Pennsylvania	H 1598	Child Sexual Abuse Material Generated By AI	Pending	Provides that it shall not be a defense for an offense relating to child pornography or child sexual abuse material that the creation of the child pornography or child sexual abuse material was generated through AI; provides that the attorney general or a district attorney shall prosecute an offense relating to child pornography or child sexual abuse material that was generated through AI in accordance with the laws of the commonwealth.
Pennsylvania	H 2079	Fraudulent Misrepresentation of a Candidate	Pending	Amends the act known as the Pennsylvania Election Code, in penalties; provides for the offense of fraudulent misrepresentation of a candidate; imposes a penalty.
Pennsylvania	H 2144	Election Advertising	Pending	Amends the act known as the Pennsylvania Election Code, in primary and election expenses; provides for advertising.
Pennsylvania	HR 170	Artificial Intelligence	Pending	Directs the Joint State Government Commission to establish an advisory committee to conduct a study on the field of AI and its impact and potential future impact.
Pennsylvania	S 1045	Artificially Generated Impersonations	Pending	Amends Title 18 Crimes and Offenses of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in forgery and fraudulent practices; provides for the offense of unauthorized dissemination of artificially generated impersonation of individual.
Puerto Rico	None
Rhode Island	H 5756	Criminal Offenses Regarding Children	Pending	Prohibits the distribution, transfer, or possession of any material that depicts a minor engaging in sexually explicit conduct, is obscene and lacks serious literary, artistic, political, or scientific value with violators subject to imprisonment and fines.
Rhode Island	H 7101	Criminal Offenses Created by Electronic Imaging Devices	Pending	Criminalizes the unauthorized dissemination of sexually explicit images of another person that are created by digital devices or created without the consent of the person depicted.
Rhode Island	H 7387	Deceptive and Fraudulent Synthetic Media in Election	Pending	Provides that a creator shall not, within a specified number of days of any election at which a candidate for elective office will appear on a ballot, distribute synthetic media that the creator knows or should know is deceptive and fraudulent synthetic media; provides that a candidate whose appearance, actions, or speech are depicted through the use of synthetic media in violation may seek injunctive or other equitable relief from the creator.
Rhode Island	H 8129	Electronic Imaging Devices	Pending	Includes visual images that are created or manipulated by digitization, or without the consent of the person, within the purview of the crime of unauthorized dissemination of indecent material; expands jurisdiction over the crime of unauthorized dissemination of indecent material to any county in which any part of the crime took place, in the county of residence of the victim or defendant, or any county wherein the image is received.
Rhode Island	S 352	Sexually Explicit Content Involving Minors	Pending	Prohibits the distribution, transfer, or possession of any material that depicts a minor engaging in sexually explicit conduct, is obscene and lacks serious literary, artistic, political, or scientific value with violators subject to imprisonment and fines of specified amounts.
Rhode Island	S 2104	Criminal Offenses Regarding Children Protection	Pending	Prohibits the distribution, transfer, or possession of any material that depicts a minor engaging in sexually explicit conduct, is obscene and lacks serious literary, artistic, political, or scientific value with violators subject to imprisonment and fines ranging to specified number of years and fines to specified amount.
Rhode Island	S 2456	Synthetic Media in Election Communications	Pending	Prohibits a person, corporation, or political action committee from using synthetic media, within 90 days of any election; defines synthetic media as an image, an audio recording or a video recording of an individual's appearance, speech or conduct that has been intentionally manipulated with the use of generative adversarial network techniques or other digital technology to create a realistic but fake image.
A. Samoa	Not available
South Carolina	H 4660	Deceptive and Fraudulent Deepfake Media	Pending	Prohibits the distribution of deceptive and fraudulent deepfake media of a candidate within ninety days of an election unless the media includes requisite disclosure language and to authorize a candidate whose likeness is depicted in media distributed in violation of this section to seek injunctive or other equitable relief as well as an action for damages against the distributor of the media.
South Carolina	H 4948	Applicable to Certain Offenses Against Minors	Pending	Relates to definitions applicable to certain offenses against minors; defines the term identifiable minor; relates to first degree sexual exploitation of a minor; amends relates to second degree sexual exploitation of a minor; amends relates to third degree sexual exploitation of a minor, all; incorporates identifiable minors into the purview of the statute to address morphed child images.
South Carolina	H 4972	Obscene Visual Representation	Pending	Provides that it is unlawful to produce or distribute obscene visual representations of child sexual abuse, or to possess such obscene visual representation; defines necessary terms; establishes penalties for violations; relates to the sex offender registry and offenses for which a conviction requires registration; adds the offense of obscene visual representations of child sexual abuse.
South Carolina	H 4973	Identifiable Minor	Pending	Relates to definitions applicable to certain offenses against minors; defines the terms identifiable minor and morphed image; relates to first degree sexual exploitation of a minor; amends relates to second degree sexual exploitation of a minor; amends relates to third degree sexual exploitation of a minor, all; incorporates identifiable minors and morphed images of identifiable children within the purview of these statutes; relates to the sex offender registry and offenses.
South Carolina	H 5374	Property Right in the Use of Individuals Information	Pending	Provides that every individual has a property right in the use of that individual's name, photograph, voice, or likeness in any medium in any manner and to provide penalties.
South Carolina	H 5393	Every Individual Has a Property Right	Pending	Provides that every individual has a property right in the use of that individual's name, photograph, voice, or likeness in any medium in any manner and to provide penalties.
South Carolina	H 5394	Crimes of Eavesdropping Peeping and Voyeurism	Pending	Relates to the crimes of eavesdropping, peeping and voyeurism; incorporates the realistic but false images, recordings, or digital electronic files created or altered using generative adversarial network techniques or other digital technology; increases penalties for violations; requires law enforcement agencies to destroy items when no longer needed as evidence; requires notification of additional potential victims by law enforcement agencies.
South Carolina	S 995	Sexual Exploitation of a Minor	Pending	Relates to definitions applicable to specified sections; defines identifiable minor and morphed image; relates to first degree sexual exploitation of a minor; includes morphed images of identifiable children as an offense; relates to second degree sexual exploitation of a minor; relates to third degree sexual exploitation of a minor; relates to the sex offender registry, so as to include those guilty of criminal sexual exploitation of a minor in the first, second, or third degree as a tier II offender.
South Carolina	S 996	Child Sexual Abuse	Pending	Create the offense of obscene visual representations of child sexual abuse, define terms and establish penalties; relates to the sex offender registry, to add the offense of obscene visual representations of child sexual abuse to the sex offender registry.
South Dakota	S 25	Child Pornography	Failed - Adjourned	Revises provisions regarding possessing, manufacturing, or distributing child pornography.
South Dakota	S 79	Child Pornography	Enacted	Revises provisions related to the possession, distribution and manufacture of child pornography; provides that a person is guilty of possessing child pornography if the person knowingly possesses any visual depiction of a minor engaging in a prohibited sexual act, or in a simulation of a prohibited sexual act, or any computer-generated child pornography; provides that a violation is a Class 4 felony; defines the crime of distributing child pornography.
South Dakota	S 96	Deepfake Election Influence	Failed - Adjourned	Prohibits the use of a deepfake to influence an election, to provide a penalty therefor.
South Dakota	S 107	Materially Deceptive Media Dissemination	Failed - Adjourned	Prohibits the dissemination of materially deceptive media without disclosure and to provide a penalty therefor.
Tennessee	H 1964	Criminal Offenses	Failed - Adjourned	Expands the offense of unlawful exposure to include the distribution, with the intent to cause emotional distress, of an image of the intimate parts of another identifiable person or an image of an identifiable person engaged in sexually explicit conduct and the image was created or modified by means of a computer software program, AI application, or other digital editing tools.
Tennessee	H 2030	Criminal Offenses	Failed - Adjourned	Expands the offense of unlawful exposure to include the distribution, with the intent to cause emotional distress, of an image of the intimate parts of another identifiable person or an image of an identifiable person engaged in sexually explicit conduct and the image was created or modified by means of a computer software program, artificial intelligence application, or other digital editing tools.
Tennessee	H 2091	Protection of Personal Rights	Enacted	Replaces the Personal Rights Protection Act with the Ensuring Likeness, Voice and Image Security Act of 2024; provides that every individual has a property right in the use of that individuals name, photograph, voice, or likeness in any medium in any manner; provides that the exclusive right to commercial exploitation of the property rights is terminated by proof of the non-use of the name, photograph, voice, or likeness of an individual for commercial purposes by an executor, assignee, heir, or devisee.
Tennessee	H 2163	Sexual Offenses	Enacted	Specifies that for the purposes of sexual exploitation of children offenses, the term material includes computer-generated images created, adapted, or modified by artificial intelligence; defines artificial intelligence.
Tennessee	H 2185	Election Laws	Failed - Adjourned	Requires political advertisements that are created in whole or in part by AI to include certain disclaimers; requires materially deceptive media disseminated for purposes of a political campaign to include certain disclaimers; establishes criminal penalties and the right to injunctive relief for violations.
Tennessee	H 2340	Consumer Protection	Failed - Adjourned	Creates a violation under the state Consumer Protection Act of 1977 for a person or entity that alters the appearance, action, or speech of an individual using synthetic media in a communication that is knowingly distributed publicly with the intent to malign, slander, defame, or otherwise intentionally mislead the public and damage the reputation of the individual.
Tennessee	H 2501	Election Laws	Failed - Adjourned	Requires political communications to contain a disclaimer if the communication was generated in whole or in part by synthetic media using AI algorithms.
Tennessee	H 2707	Consumer Protection	Failed - Adjourned	Requires a person to include a disclosure on certain content generated by AI that the content was generated using AI; makes it an unfair or deceptive act or practice under the Tennessee Consumer Protection Act of 1977 to distribute certain content generated using AI without the required disclosure.
Tennessee	S 1912	Criminal Offenses	Failed - Adjourned	Expands the offense of unlawful exposure to include the distribution, with the intent to cause emotional distress, of an image of the intimate parts of another identifiable person or an image of an identifiable person engaged in sexually explicit conduct and the image was created or modified by means of a computer software program, AI application, or other digital editing tools.
Tennessee	S 2003	Criminal Offenses	Failed - Adjourned	Expands the offense of unlawful exposure to include the distribution, with the intent to cause emotional distress, of an image of the intimate parts of another identifiable person or an image of an identifiable person engaged in sexually explicit conduct and the image was created or modified by means of a computer software program, AI application, or other digital editing tools.
Tennessee	S 2057	Election Laws	Failed - Adjourned	Requires political advertisements that are created in whole or in part by AI to include certain disclaimers; requires materially deceptive media disseminated for purposes of a political campaign to include certain disclaimers; establishes criminal penalties and the right to injunctive relief for violations.
Tennessee	S 2096	Trade Regulation	Failed - Adjourned	Defines and adds voice as a protected personal right; adds commercial availability of a sound recording or audiovisual work in which the individual's name, voice, likeness, or image is readily identifiable to considerations for determining whether non-use has occurred; makes other related changes.
Tennessee	S 2386	Election Laws	Failed - Adjourned	Requires political communications to contain a disclaimer if the communication was generated in whole or in part by synthetic media using AI algorithms.
Tennessee	S 2431	Consumer Protection	Failed - Adjourned	Requires a person to include a disclosure on certain content generated by AI that the content was generated using AI; makes it an unfair or deceptive act or practice under the Tennessee Consumer Protection Act of 1977 to distribute certain content generated using AI without the required disclosure.
Tennessee	S 2460	Consumer Protection	Failed - Adjourned	Creates a violation under the Tennessee Consumer Protection Act of 1977 for a person or entity that alters the appearance, action, or speech of an individual using synthetic media in a communication that is knowingly distributed publicly with the intent to malign, slander, defame, or otherwise intentionally mislead the public and damage the reputation of the individual.
Tennessee	S 2668	Sexual Offenses	Failed - Adjourned	Specifies that for the purposes of sexual exploitation of children offenses, the term material includes computer-generated images created, adapted, or modified by AI; defines AI.
Texas	No 2024 regular session
Utah	H 148	Artificial Pornographic Images Amendments	Enacted	Amends provisions in Title 76, Chapter 5b, Sexual Exploitation Act; clarifies that certain prohibited materials includes computer-generated videos.
Utah	H 238	Sexual Exploitation of a Minor Amendments	Enacted	Criminalizes certain conduct relating to child sexual abuse material; amends the definition of child sexual abuse material; provides a severability clause; makes technical and conforming changes.
Utah	H 329	Artificial Intelligence in Political Advertising	Failed	Addresses AI and political advertising.
Utah	S 66	Criminal Offense Amendments	Enacted	Amends the definition of counterfeit intimate image to include generated depictions.
Utah	S 131	Information Technology Act Amendments	Enacted	Relates to an audio or visual communication that, among other things, is intended to influence voting for or against a candidate or ballot proposition in an election or primary in the state; provides that an audio communication that contains synthetic audio media shall include specified words audibly at the beginning and end of the communication; provides that a visual communication that contains synthetic media shall display specified words during each portion containing synthetic media.
Vermont	H 613	Sexually Explicit Depiction Disclosure	Pending	Relates to disclosure of a sexually explicit depiction without consent.
Vermont	H 710	Artificial Intelligence Systems	Pending	Relates to regulating developers and deployers of certain AI systems.
Vermont	H 863	Deepfake Technology	Pending	Relates to recommendations on the education and potential Harms of deepfake technology.
Virginia	H 250	Department of Criminal Justice Services	Vetoed	Relates to Department of Criminal Justice Services; relates to law-enforcement officers; relates to interrogation practices; provides that the Department of Criminal Justice Services shall have the power and duty to establish a comprehensive framework for the custodial and noncustodial interrogation of adults and juveniles by law enforcement officers within the commonwealth, which shall include developing policies and procedures for interrogation practices.
Virginia	H 697	Synthetic Media	Failed - Adjourned	Relates to synthetic media; relates to penalty; expands the applicability of provisions related to defamation, slander and libel to include synthetic media, defined in the bill; makes it a Class 1 misdemeanor for any person to generate, create, or use or cause to be generated, created, or used any deceptive audio or visual media, defined in the bill, for the purpose of committing a criminal offense involving fraud; creates a rebuttable presumption that such deceptive audio or visual media was generated.
Virginia	H 1525	AI-Generated Image	Failed	Relates to unauthorized creation of image of another; relates to AI-generated image; relates to penalties; creates a Class 1 misdemeanor for any person who knowingly and intentionally creates any videographic or still image using AI of any nonconsenting person if that person is totally nude, performing sexual acts, clad in undergarments, or in a state of undress so as to expose the genitals, pubic area, buttocks or female breast and such.
Virginia	S 164	Virginia Consumer Protection Act	Pending - Carryover	Relates to specified state Consumer Protection Act; relates to prohibited practices; relates to AI disclosure; prohibits the dissemination or sale of an item created with AI technology that contains a videographic or still image intending to depict an actual person or an audio or audio-visual recording intending to depict the voice of an actual person where the creator has not disclosed the use of AI technology.
Virginia	S 571	Synthetic Media	Pending - Carryover	Relates to synthetic media; relates to penalty; expands the applicability of provisions related to defamation, slander and libel to include synthetic media, defined in the bill; makes it a Class 1 misdemeanor for any person to generate, create, or use or cause to be generated, created, or used any deceptive audio or visual media, defined in the bill, for the purpose of committing a criminal offense involving fraud.
Virginia	S 731	Child Pornography Financing	Enacted	Relates to production, publication, sale, financing of child pornography; relates to penalty; amends the definition of child pornography to include material that depicts a minor in a state of nudity or engaged in sexual conduct, as defined, where such depiction is obscene.
Virginia	SJR 14	Joint Commission on Technology and Science	Pending - Carryover	Relates to Joint Commission on Technology and Science; relates to study; relates to advancements in AI; relates to report; directs the Joint Commission on Technology and Science to study advancements in AI, including assessing the impacts of deepfakes, data privacy implications and misinformation; measures to ensure these technologies do not indirectly or directly lead to discrimination.
U.S. Virgin Islands	None
Washington	H 1442	Synthetic Media in Campaigns for Elective Office	Failed - Adjourned	Defines synthetic media in campaigns for elective office; provides relief for candidates and campaigns.
Washington	H 1999	Fabricated Intimate or Sexually Explicit Images	Enacted	Concerns fabricated intimate or sexually explicit images and depictions.
Washington	S 5838	Artificial Intelligence Task Force	Enacted	Establishes a task force to assess current uses and trends and make recommendations to the legislature regarding guidelines and legislation for the use of AI systems; provides that task force findings and recommendations must include, among other things, a literature review of public policy issues with AI, including benefits and risks to the public broadly and historically excluded communities, racial equity considerations, workforce impacts and ethical concerns.
Washington	S 5962	Intimate or Sexually Explicit Images and Depictions	Failed - Adjourned	Concerns fabricated intimate or sexually explicit images and depictions.
Washington	S 6184	Pornographic Material Involving Minors	Failed - Adjourned	Concerns deepfake AI-generated pornographic material involving minors.
West Virginia	H 4273	Criminal Code Revision	Failed - Adjourned	Relates to revising the criminal code generally.
West Virginia	H 4361	Impersonating Nonpublic Persons on Social Media	Failed - Adjourned	Provides for the crime of impersonating nonpublic persons on social media.
West Virginia	H 4963	Artificial Intelligence to Attribute Remarks	Failed - Adjourned	Prohibits the use of deepfake technology to influence an election; provides that a person who disseminates a deepfake or enters into a contract or other agreement to disseminate a deepfake is guilty of a crime and may be sentenced in a specified manner if the person knows or reasonably should know that, among other things, the item being disseminated is a deepfake; provides for exemptions; provides for a cause of action for injunctive relief.
West Virginia	H 5516	Criminalizing the Use of Deepfakes	Failed - Adjourned	Prohibits the use of deepfake images for the nonconsensual disclosure of private intimate images; prohibits the unlawful depiction of nude or partially nude minors or minors engaged in sexually explicit conduct; establishes such conduct as criminal offenses, subject to criminal penalties; defines deepfake.
West Virginia	S 720	Intimate Deepfake Media Act	Failed - Adjourned	Relates to the Stop Nonconsensual Distribution of Intimate Deepfake Media Act.
West Virginia	S 740	Digital Manipulation of Sexually Explicit Content	Failed - Adjourned	Relates to the filming of minors engaged in sexually explicit conduct; creates a new criminal offense of manipulating a photograph, image, video clip, movie, or similar recording containing sexually explicit conduct by the insertion thereof of a visual image of an actual minor to create the appearance that it is a minor engaged in the sexually explicit conduct.
West Virginia	S 741	Child Pornography	Failed - Adjourned	Relates to establishing the criminal offenses of creating, producing, distributing, or possessing with intent to distribute AI-created visual depictions of child pornography when no actual minor is depicted.
Wisconsin	A 315	Possession of Child Pornography	Pending	Concerns possession of child pornography; provides a penalty.
Wisconsin	A 608	Representations Depicting Nudity	Failed	Concerns representations depicting nudity; provides for a penalty.
Wisconsin	A 664	Artificial Intelligence Content Disclosure	Enacted	Concerns disclosures regarding content generated by AI in political advertisements; grants rule making authority; provides for a penalty.
Wisconsin	S 314	Possession of Child Pornography	Enacted	Relates to the possession of child pornography; provides for a penalty; relates to the child pornography surcharge; relates to the disposition of a child or unborn child of a child expectant mother adjudged in need of protection or services; provides for certain reporting requirements if a court imposes a sentence or places a person on probation for certain violations.
Wisconsin	S 553	Representations Depicting Nudity	Failed	Concerns representations depicting nudity; provides a penalty.
Wisconsin	S 644	Content Generated by Artificial Intelligence Disclosure	Failed	Concerns disclosures regarding content generated by AI in political advertisements; grants rule making authority; provides a penalty.
Wyoming	S 51	Unlawful Dissemination of Misleading Synthetic Media	Failed	Relates to consumer protection; prohibits the dissemination of synthetic media as specified; provides definitions; provides remedies; provides penalties; provides for an effective date.

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