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Every 10 years following the decennial census, the 435 seats in Congress are reallocated among the states to reflect the nation’s changing demography. With the nation’s population steadily increasing, even states that have gained population may see their congressional delegations shrink, as seats are added for states that are growing even faster. Over time, the trend has been for states in the south and west to gain representation in Congress, with states in the north and east losing seats. The trend continues, with Texas (+2) receiving multiple additional congressional districts. The states losing population are clustered in the Midwest and Northeast, although California (-1) will lose a congressional seat for the first time in the state’s history.
This reallocation of seats in Congress is the first step of the redistricting process. The chart below shows how many congressional seats each state will have for the coming decade.
With these new numbers in hand, states across the country now know how many congressional seats they will draw once redistricting begins after additional data is provided by the U.S. Census Bureau later this summer. For state legislatures, this process is the most politically powerful act they will ever undertake because redistricting shapes how people elected their representatives in government.
The maps above show states’ gains and losses in congressional seats going back to 1990. The table below contains information on the exact number of congressional seats by state going back to 1990, with the number of seats states gained or lost. For additional data, see the Census Bureau’s interactive webpage on apportionment over the past century.
Please contact the NCSL Elections and Redistricting Program with questions or comments.
Congressional Apportionment Changes 1990-2020
|
State
|
1990
|
2000
|
2010
|
2020
|
|
Alabama
|
7
|
7
|
7
|
7
|
|
Alaska
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
|
Arizona
|
6 (+1)
|
8 (+2)
|
9 (+1)
|
9
|
|
Arkansas
|
4
|
4
|
4
|
4
|
|
California
|
52 (+7)
|
53 (+1)
|
53
|
52 (-1)
|
|
Colorado
|
6
|
7 (+1)
|
7
|
8 (+1)
|
|
Connecticut
|
6
|
5 (-1)
|
5
|
5
|
|
Delaware
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
|
Florida
|
23 (+4)
|
25 (+2)
|
27 (+2)
|
28 (+1)
|
|
Georgia
|
11 (+1)
|
13 (+2)
|
14 (+1)
|
14
|
|
Hawaii
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
|
Idaho
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
|
Illinois
|
20 (-2)
|
19 (-1)
|
18 (-1)
|
17 (-1)
|
|
Indiana
|
10
|
9 (-1)
|
9
|
9
|
|
Iowa
|
5 (-1)
|
5
|
4 (-1)
|
4
|
|
Kansas
|
4 (-1)
|
4
|
4
|
4
|
|
Kentucky
|
6 (-1)
|
6
|
6
|
6
|
|
Louisiana
|
7 (-1)
|
7
|
6 (-1)
|
6
|
|
Maine
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
|
Maryland
|
8
|
8
|
8
|
8
|
|
Massachusetts
|
10 (-1)
|
10
|
9 (-1)
|
9
|
|
Michigan
|
16 (-2)
|
15 (-1)
|
14 (-1)
|
13 (-1)
|
|
Minnesota
|
8
|
8
|
8
|
8
|
|
Mississippi
|
5
|
4 (-1)
|
4
|
4
|
|
Missouri
|
9
|
9
|
8 (-1)
|
8
|
|
Montana
|
1 (-1)
|
1
|
1
|
2 (+1)
|
|
Nebraska
|
3
|
3
|
3
|
3
|
|
Nevada
|
2
|
3 (+1)
|
4 (+1)
|
4
|
|
New Hampshire
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
|
New Jersey
|
13 (-1)
|
13
|
12 (-1)
|
12
|
|
New Mexico
|
3
|
3
|
3
|
3
|
|
New York
|
31 (-3)
|
29 (-2)
|
27 (-2)
|
26 (-1)
|
|
North Carolina
|
12 (+1)
|
13 (+1)
|
13
|
14 (+1)
|
|
North Dakota
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
|
Ohio
|
19 (-2)
|
18 (-1)
|
16 (-2)
|
15 (-1)
|
|
Oklahoma
|
6
|
5 (-1)
|
5
|
5
|
|
Oregon
|
5
|
5
|
5
|
6 (+1)
|
|
Pennsylvania
|
21 (-2)
|
19 (-2)
|
18 (-1)
|
17 (-1)
|
|
Rhode Island
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
|
South Carolina
|
6
|
6
|
7 (+1)
|
7
|
|
South Dakota
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
|
Tennessee
|
9
|
9
|
9
|
9
|
|
Texas
|
30 (+3)
|
32 (+2)
|
36 (+4)
|
38 (+2)
|
|
Utah
|
3
|
3
|
4 (+1)
|
4
|
|
Vermont
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
|
Virginia
|
11 (+1)
|
11
|
11
|
11
|
|
Washington
|
9 (+1)
|
9
|
10 (+1)
|
10
|
|
West Virginia
|
3 (-1)
|
3
|
3
|
2 (-1)
|
|
Wisconsin
|
9
|
8 (-1)
|
8
|
8
|
|
Wyoming
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
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