States' Reactions to EPA Greenhouse Gas Emissions Standards | 2014 State Action

House Bill 2636

(Enacted)

Authorize the Secretary of Health and Environment to establish separate standards of performance for carbon dioxide emissions based on adequately demonstrated technology, cost, efficiency and other measures that can be undertaken without requirements for fuel switching, co-firing or limiting the utilization of the unit. Allows for flexibility in meeting federal greenhouse gas standards through alternative standards, compliance schedules or flexible regulatory mechanisms.

Kentucky

House Bill 388 (Enacted)

Authorizes the Energy and Environment Cabinet to establish performance standards for the regulation of carbon dioxide emissions from existing fossil fuel-fired electric generating units. Establishes different criteria for coal-fired electric generating units and natural gas-fired electric generating units. Allows for flexibility in meeting federal greenhouse gas standards through alternative standards or compliance schedules. Establishes that any plan or performance standard for existing fossil-fuel generating units has no legal effect if EPA does not issue federal rules or guidelines for regulating carbon dioxide emissions from existing electric generating units or if the rules are withdrawn or invalidated by a court of competent jurisdiction.

Senate Bill 650 (Enacted)

Creates the "Louisiana Carbon Dioxide Emission Fuel-Fired Electrical Generating Unit Control Act." Authorizes the Department of Environmental Quality to establish performance standards for the regulation of carbon dioxide emissions from existing fossil fuel-fired electric generating units. Establishes different criteria for coal-fired electric generating units and natural gas-fired electric generating units. Standards will be based on adequately demonstrated technology, efficiency, achievable means and other factors. Allows for flexibility in meeting federal greenhouse gas standards through alternative standards or compliance schedules.

House Bill 1631 (Enacted)

Authorizes the Air Conservation Commission to develop emissions standards for generating plants on a case-by-case basis by considering a number of factors, including the useful life of existing affected sources and commercially available and economically feasible technology. Allows for flexibility in meeting federal greenhouse gas standards through alternative standards or compliance schedules. Clarifies the commission's legal authority to carry out state plans with emission standards and compliance schedules.

Authorizes the Air Conservation Commission to establish standards of performance for carbon dioxide emissions from existing fossil fuel-fired electric generating units on a case-by-case basis. Standards will be based on adequately demonstrated technology, efficiency and achievable means. Allows for flexibility in meeting federal greenhouse gas standards through alternative standards, compliance schedules or regulatory mechanisms.

Identical to PA S 1453 as introduced.

Virginia

House Bill 1261 (Enacted)

Requires the Virginia Energy Plan to include an analysis of the costs and benefits to energy producers and electric utility customers resulting from EPA regulations to reduce carbon dioxide emissions from fossil-fueled electric generating units, including the effect on energy markets and reliability and the commercial availability of technology required to comply with such regulations. Requires the Division of Energy of the Department of Mines, Minerals and Energy to establish energy policy positions relevant to any potential regulations of the State Air Pollution Control Board to reduce carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuel-fired electric generating units under Section 111(d) of the Clean Air Act. The division is required to address policy options for establishing separate standards of performance for carbon dioxide emissions from existing fossil fuel-fired electric generating units to promote the plan's overall goal of fuel diversity. The plan is also required to examine policy options for state regulatory action to adopt less stringent standards or longer compliance schedules than those provided for in applicable federal rules or guidelines and identify options, to the maximum extent permissible, for any federally required regulation of carbon dioxide emissions from existing fossil fuel-fired electric generating units. Companion bill to Senate Bill 615.

Virginia

Senate Bill 615 (Enacted)

AS INTRODUCED: Requires the State Air Pollution Control Board to establish separate CO2 performance standards for coal-fired and gas-fired electric generating units on a case-by-case basis, and based on the best system of emission reduction that has been adequately demonstrated and can be reasonably achieved without requiring the unit to switch fuel. Allows for flexibility in meeting federal greenhouse gas standards through alternative standards, compliance schedules or alternative regulatory mechanisms.

AS AMENDED: Requires the Virginia Energy Plan to include an analysis of the costs and benefits to energy producers and electric utility customers resulting from EPA regulations to reduce carbon dioxide emissions from fossil-fueled electric generating units, including the effect on energy markets and reliability and the commercial availability of technology required to comply with such regulations. Requires the Division of Energy of the Department of Mines, Minerals and Energy to establish energy policy positions relevant to any potential regulations of the State Air Pollution Control Board to reduce carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuel-fired electric generating units under Section 111(d) of the Clean Air Act. The division is required to address policy options for establishing separate standards of performance for carbon dioxide emissions from existing fossil fuel-fired electric generating units to promote the plan's overall goal of fuel diversity. The plan is also required to examine policy options for state regulatory action to adopt less stringent standards or longer compliance schedules than those provided for in applicable federal rules or guidelines and identify options, to the maximum extent permissible, for any federally required regulation of carbon dioxide emissions from existing fossil fuel-fired electric generating units. Amended bill is companion bill to House Bill 1261.

West Virginia

House Bill 4346 (Enacted)

Authorizes the Department of Environmental Protection and the Department of Environmental Protection Advisory Council to establish separate standards of performance for carbon dioxide emissions from existing coal-fired electric generating units and existing natural gas-fired electric generating units. Standards should address cost, adequately-demonstrated and achievable means and efficiency. Allows for flexibility in meeting federal greenhouse gas standards through alternative standards, compliance schedules or regulatory mechanisms.

Florida

House Bill 703 (Introduced, not enacted)

Includes multiple environmental provisions, including local government, and land and water use provisions.

AS INTRODUCED: Would authorize the Department of Environmental Protection to use flexibility in developing greenhouse gas performance standards for existing industrial sources that is based on adequately demonstrated technology, including implementing less stringent performance standards and establishing longer compliance schedules. If federal regulations are withdrawn or repealed, would require the repeal of substantively identical department rules.

AS AMENDED: Bill text no longer contains reference to state-developed greenhouse gas standards.

Idaho

House Bill 473 (Introduced, not enacted)

Declares that the regulatory authority of EPA is not authorized by the Constitution of the United States, and is therefore declared invalid by the state of Idaho. Establishes that it is the duty of the legislature of Idaho to adopt and enact necessary measures to prevent the enforcement of EPA regulations that are not adopted by the state of Idaho or adopted by Congress.

Illinois

House Bill 4465 (Introduced, not enacted)

Creates the Climate Change and Emissions Management Act. Beginning in 2016, requires facilities with direct greenhouse gas emissions totaling 1,000,000 metric tons or more to reduce greenhouse gas emission by a specified amount; reductions can be accomplished by applying emission offsets and emission performance credits or by making payments to the Climate Change and Emissions Management Fund. Creates the Climate Change and Emissions Management Fund. Contains provisions concerning reports, records, penalties, and rulemaking.

Louisiana

House Bill 1217 (Introduced, not enacted)

Creates the "Louisiana Carbon Dioxide Emission Fuel-Fired Electrical Generating Unit Control Law." Authorizes the Department of Environmental Quality to establish performance standards for the regulation of carbon dioxide emissions from existing fossil fuel-fired electric generating units. Establishes different criteria for coal-fired electric generating units and natural gas-fired electric generating units. Standards will be based on adequately demonstrated technology, efficiency, achievable means and other factors. Allows for flexibility in meeting federal greenhouse gas standards through alternative standards or compliance schedules.

House Bill 2140 (Introduced, not enacted)

Authorizes the Air Conservation Commission to establish standards of performance for carbon dioxide emissions from existing fossil fuel-fired electric generating units on a case-by-case basis. Standards will be based on adequately demonstrated technology, efficiency and achievable means. Allows for flexibility in meeting federal greenhouse gas standards through alternative standards, compliance schedules or regulatory mechanisms.

Senate Bill 965 (Introduced, not enacted)

Authorizes the Air Conservation Commission to establish standards of performance for carbon dioxide emissions from existing fossil fuel-fired electric generating units on a case-by-case basis. Standards will be based on adequately demonstrated technology, efficiency and achievable means. Allows for flexibility in meeting federal greenhouse gas standards through alternative standards, compliance schedules or regulatory mechanisms.

Ohio

House Bill 506 (Introduced, not enacted)

Authorizes the Department of Environmental Protection to establish performance standards for the regulation of carbon dioxide emissions from existing fossil fuel-fired electric generating units. Establishes different criteria for coal-fired electric generating units and natural gas-fired electric generating units. Standards should address cost, adequately demonstrated and achievable means and efficiency. Allows for flexibility in meeting federal greenhouse gas standards through alternative standards or compliance schedules. Establishes that any plan or performance standard for existing fossil-fuel generating units has no legal effect if EPA does not issue federal rules or guidelines for regulating carbon dioxide emissions from existing electric generating units or if the rules are withdrawn or invalidated by a court.

West Virginia

Senate Bill 530 (Introduced, not enacted)

Authorizes the Department of Environmental Protection and the Department of Environmental Protection Advisory Council to establish separate standards of performance for carbon dioxide emissions from existing coal-fired electric generating units and existing natural gas-fired electric generating units. Standards should address cost, adequately-demonstrated and achievable means and efficiency. Allows for flexibility in meeting federal greenhouse gas standards through alternative standards, compliance schedules or regulatory mechanisms.

Alabama

Senate Joint Resolution 57 (Adopted)

Urges EPA, in developing guidelines for regulating carbon dioxide emissions from existing power plants, to maintain Alabama's and other states' authority as provided by the Clean Air Act, to rely on state regulators to develop performance standards for carbon dioxide emissions that take into account the unique policies, energy needs, resource mix, and economic priorities of Alabama and other states. Urges EPA to honor state's authority to have maximum flexibility in implementing state-established carbon dioxide performance guidelines, including implementing less stringent performance standards and establishing longer compliance schedules. Urges EPA to issue standards based on adequately demonstrated carbon dioxide- specific controls at fossil-fueled power plants.

Arizona

Senate Concurrent Resolution 1022 (Adopted)

Opposes the implementation of rules for new electric generating units that require technology that is not commercially available or technologically feasible. Supports EPA in issuing guidelines for state-established performance standards that do not require new source review. Urges to EPA to honor state's primary authority to develop standards and using maximum flexibility to implement state-established carbon dioxide performance guidelines, including implementing less stringent performance standards and establishing longer compliance schedules. Supports congressional oversight of EPA to ensure state’s authority to develop guidelines is respected.

Senate Memorial 1174 (Adopted)

Urges EPA to respect the primacy of states and to rely on state regulators, who take into account the unique policies, energy needs, resource mix, and economic and environmental priorities of their respective states in developing performance standards, compliance schedules, and guidelines for regulating carbon dioxide emissions from existing power plants.

Georgia

House Resolution 1158 (Adopted)

Encourages the administration and Congress to establish a national energy policy. Encourages EPA to establish separate guidelines for coal-fueled electric generating units that are based on highly efficient units such as ultrasupercritical and supercritical technologies without carbon capture and sequestration, recognizing the fact that additional time is needed for carbon capture and storage to become an adequately demonstrated best system of emissions reduction. Supports further efforts to research and develop carbon capture and sequestration technologies. Encourages EPA to consult with Georgia and all of the states as it develops greenhouse gas emission guidelines for existing power plants, recognizing each state's authority under the Clean Air Act to set source performance standards. Supports maximum flexibility for states to implement carbon dioxide performance standards for fossil-fueled power plants. Identical to House Resolution 1159.

House Resolution 1159 (Adopted)

Encourages the administration and Congress to establish a national energy policy. Encourages EPA to establish separate guidelines for coal-fueled electric generating units that are based on highly efficient units such as ultrasupercritical and supercritical technologies without carbon capture and sequestration, recognizing the fact that additional time is needed for carbon capture and storage to become an adequately demonstrated best system of emissions reduction. Supports further efforts to research and develop carbon capture and sequestration technologies. Encourages EPA to consult with Georgia and all of the states as it develops greenhouse gas emission guidelines for existing power plants, recognizing each state's authority under the Clean Air Act to set source performance standards. Supports maximum flexibility for states to implement carbon dioxide performance standards for fossil-fueled power plants. Identical to House Resolution 1158.

House Resolution 782 (Adopted)

Urges EPA, when developing guidelines for regulating carbon dioxide emissions, to respect the primacy of Illinois and other states and to rely on state regulators to develop performance standards for carbon dioxide emissions that take into account the unique policies, energy needs, resource mixes, and economic priorities of Illinois and other states. Encourages EPA to establish achievable measures for regulating greenhouse gas emissions. Supports maximum flexibility for states to implement carbon dioxide performance standards for fossil-fueled power plants, including implementing less stringent performance standards and establishing longer compliance schedules. Companion bill to Senate Resolution 912.

Supports the role of nuclear energy in Illinois. Among other provisions, urges EPA to adopt rules that treat low-carbon resources, such as nuclear power plants, equally, regardless of age or fuel source. Urges EPA to require actions to secure the continued operations of Illinois' nuclear power plants as a compliance mechanism to meet any new federal greenhouse gas regulations and to adopt rules that allow the state to offset and balance emissions from fossil fuel electric generational with emission-free nuclear generation. Urges the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency to prepare a report discussing how the closure of nuclear power plants in the state will affect the societal cost of increased greenhouse gas emissions.

Indiana

House Resolution 11 (Adopted)

Urges EPA, in developing guidelines for regulating carbon dioxide emissions from existing power plants, to respect the primacy of Indiana and other states and to rely on state regulators to develop performance standards for carbon dioxide emissions that take into account the unique policies, energy needs, resource mix, and economic priorities of Indiana and other states. Urges to EPA to honor state's authority to have maximum flexibility in implementing state-established carbon dioxide performance guidelines, including implementing less stringent performance standards and establishing longer compliance schedules. Urges EPA to issue guidelines based on achievable measures for reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

House Resolution 70 (Adopted)

Encourages the administration and Congress to establish a national energy policy. Encourages EPA to establish separate guidelines for coal-fueled electric generating units that are based on highly efficient units such as ultrasupercritical and supercritical technologies without carbon capture and sequestration, recognizing the fact that additional time is needed for carbon capture and storage to become an adequately demonstrated best system of emissions reduction. Supports further efforts to research and develop carbon capture and sequestration technologies. Supports regulations that are cost-effective for Indiana and do not require existing units to retire or curtail operation. Supports performance standards that recognize state and regional variations and would not mandate modifications to the mix of fuels in existing or future resource portfolios.

Urges EPA, in developing guidelines for regulating carbon dioxide emissions from existing power plants, to respect the primacy of Louisiana and other states and to rely on state regulators to develop performance standards for carbon dioxide emissions that take into account the unique policies, energy needs, resource mix, and economic priorities of states. Urges EPA to issue guidelines based on achievable measures for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Urges EPA to honor state's authority to have maximum flexibility in implementing state-established carbon dioxide performance guidelines, including implementing less stringent performance standards and establishing longer compliance schedules.

House Concurrent Resolution 30 (Adopted)

Urges EPA to reject any federal fossil fuel emission rules or regulations that would have the effect of removing coal as a viable fuel option for both new and existing electric generation in the state of Missouri and elsewhere, and to adopt rules and regulations that allow state utility and environmental regulators maximum flexibility and discretion in implementing rules and regulations.

House Concurrent Resolution 38 (Adopted)

Urges Congress to decrease EPA's authority to regulate water quality and the use of coal and wood as energy sources.

Nebraska

Legislative Resolution 482 (Adopted)

Urges EPA, in developing guidelines for regulating carbon dioxide emissions from existing power plants, to respect the primacy of Nebraska and other states and to rely on state regulators to develop performance standards for carbon dioxide emissions that take into account the unique policies, energy needs, resource mix, and economic priorities of each state. Urges EPA to issue guidelines based on achievable measures for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Urges to EPA to honor state's authority to have maximum flexibility in implementing state-established carbon dioxide performance guidelines, including implementing less stringent performance standards and establishing longer compliance schedules.

Senate Concurrent Resolution 39 (Adopted)

Urges EPA, in developing guidelines for regulating carbon dioxide emissions from existing power plants, to respect the primacy of Oklahoma and other states and to rely on state regulators to develop performance standards for carbon dioxide emissions that take into account the unique policies, energy needs, resource mix and economic priorities of Oklahoma and other states. Urges EPA to issue guidelines and approve state-established performance standards that are based on reductions of carbon dioxide emissions achievable by measures undertaken at fossil-fueled electric generation facilities. States that Oklahoma and other states should be given maximum flexibility by EPA to implement carbon dioxide performance standards for fossil- fueled electric generation facilities within their jurisdiction.

Urges EPA, in developing guidelines for regulating carbon dioxide emissions from existing power plants, to respect the primacy of Pennsylvania and other states and to rely on state regulators to develop performance standards for carbon dioxide emissions that take into account the unique policies, energy needs, resource mix, and economic priorities of states. Urges EPA to issue guidelines based on achievable measures for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Urges EPA to honor state's authority to have maximum flexibility in implementing state-established carbon dioxide performance guidelines, including implementing less stringent performance standards and establishing longer compliance schedules.

South Dakota

House Concurrent Resolution 1022 (Adopted)

Urges the administration and Congress with input from federal agencies to establish a national energy policy that encourages access to and removal of impediments to all available domestic sources of energy so that it is affordable and reliable. States that the policy should not infringe upon states' authority already provided by the Clean Air Act that allows states to take into account existing power generation and resource mixes and provide for states to be able to demonstrate less stringent emission standards and longer compliance schedules. Urges the administration and Congress that policy should recognize state and regional variations in the provision of affordable and reliable electricity so that each state can minimize compliance costs to ratepayers and maintain reliability.

Utah

Senate Concurrent Resolution 9 (Adopted)

Calls upon EPA to issue greenhouse gas new source performance standards for fossil- fueled electric generating units and provide separate standards for coal-fueled steam electric and natural gas combined-cycle generating units that can be achieved with commercially demonstrated technologies and that will permit the economic utilization of coal.

West Virginia

House Resolution 13 (Adopted)

Urges EPA, in developing guidelines for regulating carbon dioxide emissions from existing power plants, to respect the primacy of West Virginia and other states and to rely on state regulators to develop performance standards for carbon dioxide emissions that take into account the unique policies, energy needs, resource mix, and economic priorities of West Virginia and other states. Urges EPA to issue guidelines based on achievable measures for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Urges to EPA to honor state's authority to have maximum flexibility in implementing state-established carbon dioxide performance guidelines, including implementing less stringent performance standards and establishing longer compliance schedules.

Wyoming

Senate Joint Resolution 1 (Adopted)

Urges EPA, in developing guidelines for regulating carbon dioxide emissions from existing power plants, to respect the primacy of Wyoming and to take into account the unique policies, energy needs, resource mix and economic priorities of Wyoming and other states. Urges EPA to issue guidelines that are practical and achievable measures for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Urges EPA to honor state's authority to have maximum flexibility in implementing state-established carbon dioxide performance guidelines.

Arizona

Senate Resolution 1003 (Introduced, not adopted)

Supports the nullification in the state of Arizona of all rules imposed by EPA and supports consultation between EPA and tribal governments before implementation of rules that affect tribal governments.

Florida

House Memorial 1027 (Introduced, not adopted)

Urges Congress to direct EPA to honor state's primary authority to develop greenhouse gas emission standards that take into account the unique policies, energy needs, resource mix, and economic priorities of the state. Urges Congress to direct EPA to allow Florida to use maximum flexibility to implement state-established carbon dioxide performance guidelines, including implementing less stringent performance standards and establishing longer compliance schedules.

Senate Resolution 912 (Introduced, not adopted)

Urges EPA, when developing guidelines for regulating carbon dioxide emissions, to respect the primacy of Illinois and other states and to rely on state regulators to develop performance standards for carbon dioxide emissions that take into account the unique policies, energy needs, resource mixes, and economic priorities of Illinois and other states. Encourages EPA to establish achievable measures for regulating greenhouse gas emissions. Supports maximum flexibility for states to implement carbon dioxide performance standards for fossil-fueled power plants, including implementing less stringent performance standards and establishing longer compliance schedules. Companion bill to House Resolution 782.

Indiana

House Concurrent Resolution 44 (Introduced, not adopted)

Encourages the administration and Congress to establish a national energy policy. Encourages EPA to establish separate guidelines for coal-fueled electric generating units that are based on highly efficient units such as ultrasupercritical and supercritical technologies without carbon capture and sequestration, recognizing the fact that additional time is needed for carbon capture and storage to become an adequately demonstrated best system of emissions reduction. Supports further efforts to research and develop carbon capture and sequestration technologies. Supports regulations that are cost-effective for Indiana and do not require existing units to retire or curtail operation. Supports performance standards that recognize state and regional variations and would not mandate modifications to the mix of fuels in existing or future resource portfolios.

Iowa

House Resolution 118 (Introduced, not adopted)

Urges EPA, in developing guidelines for regulating carbon dioxide emissions from existing power plants, to respect the primacy of Iowa and other states and to rely on state regulators to develop performance standards for carbon dioxide emissions that take into account the unique policies, energy needs, resource mix, and economic priorities of Indiana and other states.

Kansas

House Resolution 6043 (Introduced, not adopted)

Urges Congress to take action to counteract the actions currently being considered by EPA related to the Climate Action Plan. States that EPA should consider the most cost-effective ways to address climate change.

House Resolution 6065 (Introduced, not adopted)

Urges EPA, in developing any emissions guidelines for regulating carbon emissions from existing power plants, to recognize the primacy of states to rely on both state utility and environmental regulators to lead the creation of emission performance systems that reflect the policies, energy needs, resource mix and economic conditions of each state and region. Urges EPA to honor state's authority to have maximum flexibility in implementing state-established carbon dioxide performance guidelines, including implementing less stringent performance standards and establishing longer compliance schedules. Urges EPA to issue guidelines based on feasible measures for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Supports performance standards that would not mandate modifications to the mix of fuels in existing or future resource portfolios.

Senate Concurrent Resolution 40 (Introduced, not adopted)

Urges EPA, in developing guidelines for regulating carbon dioxide emissions from existing power plants, to respect the primacy of Missouri and other states and to rely on state regulators to develop performance standards for carbon dioxide emissions that take into account the unique policies, energy needs, resource mix, and economic priorities of Missouri and other states. Urges EPA to issue guidelines based on achievable measures for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Urges to EPA to honor state's authority to have maximum flexibility in implementing state-established carbon dioxide performance guidelines, including implementing less stringent performance standards and establishing longer compliance schedules.

Ohio

House Concurrent Resolution 29 (Introduced, not adopted)

Supports the continued use of a diverse portfolio for electricity generation both in Ohio and in the United States and the continued development of coal-based power in the United States. Urges the president to halt EPA's regulations that restrict fuel diversity for electricity generation and to pursue new fuel diversity policies.

Senate Concurrent Resolution 34 (Introduced, not adopted)

Urges EPA to recognize the primacy of states to rely on state utility and environmental regulators in leading the creation of emission performance systems that reflect the policies, energy needs, resource mix, and economic conditions of each state and region in developing any emissions guidelines for regulating carbon emissions from existing power plants. Urges EPA to issue guidelines based on achievable measures for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Urges EPA to honor state's authority to have maximum flexibility in implementing state-established carbon dioxide performance guidelines, including implementing less stringent performance standards and establishing longer compliance schedules. Supports performance standards that would not mandate modifications to the mix of fuels in existing or future resource portfolios.

Tennessee

House Joint Resolution 663 (Introduced, not adopted)

Urges EPA, in developing guidelines for regulating carbon dioxide emissions from existing power plants, to respect the primacy of Tennessee and other states and to rely on state regulators to develop performance standards for carbon dioxide emissions that take into account the unique policies, energy needs, resource mix, and economic priorities of Tennessee and other states. Urges EPA to issue guidelines based on achievable measures for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Urges EPA to honor state's authority to have maximum flexibility in implementing state-established carbon dioxide performance guidelines, including implementing less stringent performance standards and establishing longer compliance schedules.

West Virginia

House Concurrent Resolution 91 (Introduced, not adopted)

Urges the president to reject policies that would further harm coal-based electricity generation that provides our residents and businesses the affordable, reliable power they need to prosper.

House Resolution 9 (Introduced, not adopted)

Urges EPA, in developing guidelines for regulating carbon dioxide emissions from existing power plants, to respect the primacy of West Virginia and other states and to rely on state regulators to develop performance standards for carbon dioxide emissions that take into account the unique policies, energy needs, resource mix, and economic priorities of West Virginia and other states. Urges EPA to issue guidelines based on achievable measures for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Urges EPA to honor state's authority to have maximum flexibility in implementing state-established carbon dioxide performance guidelines, including implementing less stringent performance standards and establishing longer compliance schedules.