Cryptocurrency, Digital or Virtual Currency and Digital Assets 2025 Legislation

Financial Services

Digital or virtual currencies are a medium of exchange but are not regular money.

Unlike paper bills and coins, cryptocurrencies are not issued or backed by the U.S. government or any other government or central bank. The lack of a physical token to count and hold may confuse some. Rather, Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies are a form of digital currency used in electronic payment transactions—no coins, paper money or banks are involved; there are zero to minimal transaction fees; transactions are fast and not bound by geography; and, like using cash, transactions are anonymous.

Digital currencies are stored in digital wallets, which are software or apps installed by users on their computer or mobile device.

Each digital wallet contains encrypted information, called public and private keys, that is used to send and receive the digital currency. All digital currency transactions are recorded in a virtual public ledger called the “blockchain,” which is maintained by digital currency “miners.” These miners can be anyone, anywhere in the world, who is willing to invest in the specialized computer hardware needed to rapidly process complex computations. Miners are awarded digital currency, like Bitcoin, Ripple, Dogecoin and Litecoin, in exchange for verifying each transaction and adding it to the blockchain.

At least 40 states have introduced or pending legislation regarding cryptocurrency, digital or virtual currencies and other digital assets in the 2025 legislative session.

Examples of enacted legislation include:

Arizona required cryptocurrency kiosk operators to disclose relevant terms and conditions and required that an operator use blockchain analytics and tracing software to help prevent fraud. In a second bill, the state established the Bitcoin and Digital Assets Reserve Fund.
Arkansas amended the Uniform Commercial Code to provide that the term “money” does not include a central bank digital currency.
Georgia created a Senate Study Committee on Artificial Intelligence and Digital Currency.
Iowa defined charges associated with digital financial asset transaction kiosks.
Michigan declared May 13, 2025, is Digital Asset Awareness Day.
Montana prohibited the use of central bank digital currency by governing authorities.
Nebraska adopted the Controllable Electronic Record Fraud Prevention Act.
North Dakota required virtual currency kiosk operators to be licensed under the state money transmitter law.
Oregon added an article regulating controllable electronic records to its Uniform Commercial Code.
South Dakota updated its Uniform Unclaimed Property Act to include provisions related to virtual currency and notice requirements.
Utah authorized the state treasurer to invest public funds in certain digital assets.
Wyoming provided that no state agency shall use public funds to assist in any manner in the testing, adoption or implementation of a central bank digital currency.

Jurisdiction and Summary	Bill Number	Bill Title	Bill Status	Bill Summary
Alabama	H 482	State Government	Pending	Relates to state treasurer, investment of funds in digital assets.
Alabama	H 483	Government Administration	Pending	Relates to virtual currency, declares preemption of virtual currency or cryptocurrency regulation by the legislature and exempts virtual currency from ad valorem tax.
Alabama	H 617	Consumer Protection	Pending	Relates to abandoned property, management of abandoned digital assets provided for, state treasurer authorized to select a qualified custodian.
Alabama	S 17	Digital Assets	Pending	Prohibits the state from certain actions related to digital assets; exempts certain actions from classification as a security or money transfer.
Alabama	S 282	Government Administration	Pending	Relates to virtual currency, declares preemption of virtual currency or cryptocurrency regulation by the Legislature and exempts virtual currency from ad valorem tax.
Alabama	S 283	State Government	Pending	Relates to state treasurer, investment of funds in digital assets.
Alaska	H 99	Money Transmission	Pending	Relates to the business of money transmission; relates to licenses for money transmission, licensure requirements and registration through a nationwide multistate licensing system; relates to the use of virtual currency for money transmission; relates to authorized delegates of a licensee; relates to acquisition of control of a license; relates to record retention and reporting requirements; authorizes the Department of Commerce, Community, and Economic Development; cooperates with other states.
Alaska	S 86	Money Transmission	Pending	Relates to the business of money transmission; relates to licenses for money transmission, licensure requirements and registration through a nationwide multistate licensing system; relates to the use of virtual currency for money transmission; relates to authorized delegates of a licensee; relates to acquisition of control of a license; relates to record retention and reporting requirements; authorizes the Department of Commerce, Community, and Economic Development to cooperate with other states.
Arizona	H 2324	Forfeiture of Digital Assets	Pending	Provides that property subject to forfeiture may be seized for forfeiture by a peace officer by making a seizure of a digital asset by gaining access to a private key, passphrase or other access mechanism, securing a digital wallet through blockchain technology and transferring the digital asset to a state approved, secure digital wallet or platform; establishes the Bitcoin and Digital Assets Reserve Fund to store, manage and allocate digital assets securely.
Arizona	H 2387	Cryptocurrency Kiosks and Fraud Prevention	Enacted	Provides that a cryptocurrency kiosk operator shall disclose in a clear, conspicuous and easily readable and understandable manner in the chosen language of the customer all relevant terms and conditions that are generally associated with the products, services and activities of the cryptocurrency kiosk operator and virtual currency; provides that an operator shall use blockchain analytics and tracing software to help prevent fraud.
Arizona	H 2654	Cryptocurrency and Blockchain Commission	Pending	Establishes the State Cryptocurrency and Blockchain Commission to advise on cryptocurrency and blockchain related matters including policies, pilot programs and initiatives; provides that the commission may work with national and international blockchain experts that provide strategic guidance and expert recommendations to the commission on blockchain trends, technologies and global best practices.
Arizona	H 2749	Digital Assets	Enacted	Establishes the Bitcoin and Digital Assets Reserve Fund; provides that digital assets are presumed abandoned after a specified number of years after a written or electronic communication is returned to the owner as undeliverable by the U.S. Postal Service or email; relates to the public sale of abandoned property; provides that the Department of Revenue shall sell digital assets that are listed on an established digital asset exchange at prices prevailing on the exchange at the time of the sale.
Arizona	H 2906	Financial Technology and Digital Assets Program	Vetoed	Relates financial technology, digital assets and blockchain sandbox program.
Arizona	S 1024	State Agencies	Vetoed	Relates to state agencies; relates to cryptocurrency.
Arizona	S 1025	Virtual Currency	Vetoed	Relates to public monies; relates to virtual currency.
Arizona	S 1026	Virtual Currency	Pending	Relates to property tax exemptions; provides that virtual currency is exempt from taxation; defines virtual currency as a digital representation of value that functions as a medium of exchange, a unit of account and a store of value other than a representation of the U.S. dollar or a foreign currency.
Arizona	S 1062	Legal Tender and Cryptocurrency	Pending	Relates to legal tender; relates to cryptocurrency; provides that legal tender in this state consists of any medium of exchange that is authorized by the U.S. Constitution or Congress for the payment of debts, public charges, taxes and dues, specie and cryptocurrency.
Arizona	S 1095	Central Bank Digital Currency	Vetoed	Relates to central bank digital currency; relates to ban.
Arizona	S 1373	Digital Assets Strategic Reserve Fund	Vetoed	Establishes the Digital Assets Strategic Reserve Fund, which consists of monies appropriated by the legislature and digital assets that are seized by the state; provides that the state treasurer shall deposit digital assets that are seized by the state in the fund; provides that the treasurer may loan digital assets from the fund to generate additional returns if the loan does not increase any financial risks to the state; provides that digital assets include, among other things, virtual currency and coins.
Arizona	SCR 1001	Property Tax Exemptions	Pending	Relates to property tax exemption; relates to virtual currency.
Arkansas	H 1467	Uniform Money Services Act	Enacted	Provides that an applicant for a money transmission license shall provide security consisting of a surety bond; provides that the securities commissioner has the discretion to require the applicant to obtain additional security coverage to address related cybersecurity risks inherent in the applicants business model as it relates to virtual currency transmission; relates to money transmission and virtual currency kiosks; requires training regarding financial abuse and exploitation of an elder adult.
Arkansas	H 1508	Public Finance	Enacted	Concerns the recodification of specified title of the state code concerning public finance; amends laws resulting from Initiated Acts 2000; relates to insurance taxes and fees; relates to franchise taxes, back taxes and sand and gravel taxes; relates to property tax. Amends statutory citation reference in provision regarding the prohibition on ownership of a digital asset mining business by prohibited foreign-party-controlled businesses.
Arkansas	H 1533	Decentralized Unincorporated Nonprofit Association	Failed - Adjourned	Creates the Decentralized Unincorporated Nonprofit Association Act.
Arkansas	H 1746	Uniform Commercial Code	Enacted	Amends the Uniform Commercial Code. Adds Controllable Electronic Records.
Arkansas	S 10	States Data Centers	Failed	Amends the State Data Centers Act of 2023; regulates the impact on water usage and the electric grid by blockchain networks and digital asset mining.
Arkansas	S 11	State Data Centers	Failed	Amends the State Data Centers Act of 2023; amends the Uniform Money Services Act.
Arkansas	S 47	Uniform Commercial Code	Failed - Adjourned	Amends the Uniform Commercial Code; defines central bank digital currency under the Uniform Commercial Code; modifies the definitions of money and deposit account; modifies the definitions of deposit and deposit account under the State Banking Code of 1997; provides that money does not include a central bank digital currency.
Arkansas	S 60	Digital Asset Mining Business	Failed	Amends the State Data Centers Act of 2023; provides that unless the digital asset mining business was issued a permit by the Oil and Gas Commission on or before the specified date, a digital asset mining business shall not operate within a specified radius of a military facility and cease construction of a location that is in such radius; provides that if the attorney general concludes that a violation has occurred, the attorney general shall order the digital asset mining business to shut down operations.
Arkansas	S 133	Uniform Commercial Code	Enacted	Amends the Uniform Commercial Code; defines central bank digital currency; modifies the definitions of money and deposit account; provides that the term money does not include a central bank digital currency; defines central bank digital currency as a digital currency, a digital medium of exchange or a digital monetary unit of account issued by the Federal Reserve System, a federal agency, foreign government, foreign central bank or a foreign reserve system that is made directly available to a consumer.
Arkansas	S 171	Business and Commercial Law	Enacted	Makes technical corrections to provisions concerning business and commercial law; relates to a prohibition on a digital currency tracker from tracking an individual’s purchases or location through the use by an individual of digital currency; provides that this does not prohibit a financial institution or an officer, employee or agent of a financial institution, from complying with the Right to Financial Privacy Act, the Bank Secrecy Act or Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council regulations.
California	A 236	Digital Financial Asset Businesses: Regulatory Fees	Pending	Relates to existing law that requires an applicant for a license under the Digital Financial Assets Law to submit the application with a nonrefundable fee in an amount determined by the Department of Financial Protection and Innovation to cover the reasonable costs of application review. Prohibits that fee from exceeding a specified amount.
California	A 1029	Statements of Financial interest: Digital Financial	Pending	Expands the definition of investment for purposes of the Political Reform Act of 1974 to include a digital financial asset. Requires public officials to disclose interests in their digital financial assets. Requires an agency's conflict of interest code to require designated employees to disclose interests in digital financial assets.
California	A 1118	Criminal Procedure: Search Warrants	Pending	Allows a search warrant for stolen or embezzled currency to include an order for such currency to be returned to a lawful owner identified in the warrant pursuant to specified procedures including a hearing, if requested, to determine that the currency was stolen or embezzled before it is returned to its owner. Requires the agency seizing the property to notify the prosecuting authority in the jurisdiction where the embezzlement or theft may reasonably be prosecuted.
California	A 1180	Department of Financial Protection and Innovation	Pending	Requires the Department of Financial Protection and Innovation to adopt regulations to allow any payment required under the Digital Financial Assets Law to be made with digital financial assets and requires the department to submit, on or before the specified date, a report to the Legislature on those regulations. Provides that this bill would become operative on the specified date. Sunsets provisions on the specified date.
California	S 97	Digital Financial Assets: Stablecoins	Pending	Provides that the Digital Financial Assets Law authorizes the commissioner of financial protection and innovation to approve a stablecoin for various purposes. Removes exchanging one or more digital representations of value used within one or more online games, game platforms or family of games from the definition of digital financial business activity. Includes additional factors the commissioner must consider in determining whether to approve stablecoin.
California	S 822	Unclaimed Property: Digital Financial Assets	Pending	Relates to the Unclaimed Property Law, which prescribes the circumstances under which intangible property escheats to the state, including how and when apparent owners must be notified that their property is at risk of escheating and the way escheated property must be delivered to the state controller. Specifies intangible property is only subject to the UPL if the apparent owner's last known address is within the state or, if that address is unknown, if there is another link to the state.
Colorado	H 1067	Criminal Asset Forfeiture	Failed - Adjourned	Concerns the Criminal Asset Forfeiture Act.
Colorado	H 1224	Revised Uniform Unclaimed Property Act Modifications	To governor	Concerns modification of the Revised Uniform Unclaimed Property Act; relates to disposition of unclaimed preneed funeral contracts unclaimed property trust fund; relates to any virtual currency held or owing by any banking organization, corporation, custodian, exchange or other entity engaged in virtual currency business activity, three years after the latest indication of interest in the property by the apparent owner of the virtual currency; relates to tax-deferred retirement account presumed abandoned.
Colorado	S 79	Vending of Digital Assets Act	To governor	Enacts the Colorado Vending of Digital Assets Act; establishes a daily transaction limit of specified amount for a customer of a virtual currency kiosk; defines virtual currency as a type of digital unit that is used as a medium of exchange or a form of digitally stored value or that is incorporated into payment system technology.
Colorado	S 81	Treasurer’s Office	To governor	Concerns public financing; establishes the Building Urgent Infrastructure and Leverages Dollars Authority, modifies the state public financing cash fund and allows the state treasurer to use a security token offering for state capital financing.
Connecticut	H 5237	Cryptocurrency Pig Butchering Scams	Failed	Concerns cryptocurrency, pig butchering scams and asset forfeiture; establishes specific penal code and procedural provisions concerning crimes related to cryptocurrency and pig butchering scams.
Connecticut	H 6651	Cryptocurrency Theft	Failed	Concerns cryptocurrency theft and the resources of the Department of Emergency Services and Public Protection to fight such theft; makes cryptocurrency theft easier to prosecute, allow for compensation of victims and provide resources to ease the pursuit of such cases to the Department of Emergency Services and Public Protection.
Connecticut	H 6990	Seizure and Forfeiture of Digital Wallets	Pending	Concerns the seizure and forfeiture of virtual currency and virtual currency wallets; provides that if the property seized is virtual currency or a virtual currency wallet and the chief state's attorney or a deputy chief state's attorney, state's attorney or assistant or deputy assistant state's attorney demonstrates that notice by other means, including, but not limited to, electronic means, would be sufficient and appropriate under the circumstances, by such other means.
Connecticut	H 6991	Definitions Applicable to the Money Transmission	Pending	Concerns definitions applicable to the money transmission statutes and solicitations and advertisements by money transmission licensees; defines digital wallet and redefine money transmission and stored value for the purposes of the money transmission statutes.
Connecticut	H 7082	Certain Requirements Applicable to Virtual Currency	Pending	Concerns various revisions to the money transmission statutes, state payments and investments in virtual currency and minors' money sharing application accounts.
Delaware	None
District of Columbia	None
Florida	H 319	Virtual Currency Kiosk Businesses	Failed	Requires Office of Financial Regulation; supervises virtual currency kiosk businesses; prohibits virtual currency kiosk business from operating without registering or renewing its registration in accordance with certain provisions; specifies that certain money transmitters are exempt from registration but are subject to certain provisions; requires that certain entities; performs or prevents certain actions be licensed as money services businesses.
Florida	H 487	Investment of Public Funds in Bitcoin	Failed	Authorizes the chief financial officer (CFO) to invest in Bitcoin any money from certain public funds; provides limits to such investments; provides requirements for holding such Bitcoin; authorizes CFO and other parties to loan Bitcoin in state funds; requires taxes and fees paid in Bitcoin to be transferred to General Revenue Fund; requires General Revenue Fund to reimburse designated funds in U.S. currency for such payments.
Florida	H 515	Uniform Commercial Code	To governor	Relates to controllable electronic records; prohibits actions from being asserted against qualifying purchasers under certain circumstances; specifies that filing a certain financial statement is not notice of a claim of a property right in a controllable electronic record; specifies when a person has control of a controllable electronic record; authorizes account debtors on a controllable account or controllable payment intangible to discharge obligations; relates to perfecting security interests.
Florida	S 132	Legal Tender	Failed	Specifies that specie legal tender and electronic currency are legal tender; specifies that certain transactions of specie do not give rise to tax liability; prohibits persons from compelling others to tender or accept specie as legal tender; authorizes governmental entities to recognize specie legal tender for certain payments.
Florida	S 292	Virtual Currency Kiosk Businesses	Failed	Defines terms and revising the definition of the term control person; requires the Office of Financial Regulation of the Financial Services Commission to supervise virtual currency kiosk businesses; prohibits a virtual currency kiosk business from operating without registering or renewing its registration in accordance with certain provisions; provides criminal penalties for certain entities that operate or solicit business as a virtual currency kiosk business under certain circumstances.
Florida	S 550	Investment of Public Funds in Bitcoin	Failed	Authorizes the chief financial officer to make investments in Bitcoin and other digital assets for a certain purpose; requires the CFO to maintain flexibility in certain investment decisions; authorizes the CFO to invest money in Bitcoin from certain public funds; authorizes the trustees of the State Board of Administration to invest and reinvest available funds of the System Trust Fund in Bitcoin.
Florida	S 1666	Uniform Commercial Code	Failed	Creates the Uniform Commercial Code Controllable Electronic Records; specifies when a purchaser of a controllable account or controllable payment intangible is a qualifying purchaser; specifies when a person has control of a controllable electronic record; authorizes account debtors on a controllable account or controllable payment intangible to discharge obligations under certain circumstances; specifies requirements for perfecting security interests that are enforceable and perfected before a specified.
Georgia	HR 905	Department of Education	Pending - Carryover	Encourages the Department of Education to implement a public awareness campaign for grade levels K-12 regarding blockchain, cryptocurrency and Web3.
Georgia	S 178	State Depository Board	Pending - Carryover	Relates to state depositories to provide for the state Depository Board to allow the state treasurer to invest in Bitcoin; provides for a limit on such investment; provides for requirements for the safe handling of such assets; provides for the loaning of such assets; provides for definitions; provides for related matters; repeals conflicting laws.
Georgia	S 228	State Depositories	Pending - Carryover	Relates to state depositories, so as to provide for the state Depository Board to allow the state treasurer to invest in bitcoin; requires the state treasurer to develop policies and procedures for the acceptance, storage and transacting of bitcoin by the state; requires that bitcoin received or otherwise owned by the state shall be held in accordance with such policies and procedures; provides for definitions; provides for related matters; repeals conflicting laws.
Georgia	SR 391	Artificial Intelligence and Digital Currency	Adopted	Creates the Senate Study Committee on Artificial Intelligence and Digital Currency.
Guam	None
Hawaii	H 1277	Digital Financial Asset Transaction Kiosk	Pending - Carryover	Imposes a daily maximum of specified amount on transactions through a digital financial asset transaction kiosk.
Hawaii	S 362	Digital Currency	Pending - Carryover	Clarifies that HRS chapter 489d, relating to the Money Transmitters Modernization Act, applies to digital currency companies and activity.
Idaho	None
Illinois	H 742	Digital Assets and Consumer Protection Act	Pending	Creates the Digital Assets and Consumer Protection Act; provides that the Department of Financial and Professional Regulation shall regulate digital asset business activity in the state; sets forth provisions concerning, among other things, applicability, the powers and duties of the department, funds, customer protections, custody and protection of customer assets, covered exchanges, compliance, registration, supervision, records, additional procedural provisions, confidentiality and violations.
Illinois	H 1844	Strategic Bitcoin Reserve Act	Pending	Creates the Strategic Bitcoin Reserve Act; creates the Strategic Bitcoin Reserve Fund as a special fund in the state treasury for the purpose of holding bitcoin as a financial asset; provides that the state treasurer may accept gifts, grants and donations of bitcoin from residents and governmental entities for deposit into the fund; provides that the state treasurer shall hold all bitcoin deposited into the fund for a duration of at least five years from the date that the bitcoin enters the state's custody.
Illinois	S 1429	Environmental Protection Act	Pending	Amends the Environmental Protection Act; provides that cryptocurrency mining facilities shall apply noise-reduction techniques, including certain specified techniques; provides that the Pollution Control Board shall adopt rules implementing these provisions; provides that the Environmental Protection Agency, as the noise control agency for the state, shall enforce these provisions, as well as the rules adopted under these provisions; provides that the agency may adopt rules to administer and implement.
Illinois	S 1797	Digital Assets and Consumer Protection Act	Pending	Provides that the Department of Financial and Professional Regulation shall regulate digital asset business activity in the state; provides that, in provisions concerning control over a registrant, there is a rebuttable presumption of control if a person directly or indirectly owns, controls, holds with the power to vote or holds proxies representing a specified percent or more of the then outstanding voting securities issued by the registrant.
Illinois	S 2319	Virtual Currency Kiosk Consumer Protection Act	Pending	Creates the Virtual Currency Kiosk Consumer Protection Act; provides that specified information reported to the Department of Financial and Professional Regulation by virtual currency kiosk shall be confidential, except as otherwise provided in the Act; establishes warning and general terms and conditions disclosure requirements for a virtual currency kiosk operator opening an account for a new customer and prior to entering into an initial transaction for, on behalf of or with the customer.
Indiana	H 1156	Digital Asset Mining	Failed - Adjourned	Prohibits a county, municipality or township from adopting or enforcing an ordinance that would have the effect of prohibiting, restricting or impairing an individual's or a business's ability to; uses digital assets to purchase legal goods and services; accepts digital assets as a method of payment for legal goods and services; uses a hardware wallet or self-hosted wallet to store the individual's or business's digital assets; takes custody of digital assets by using a hardware.
Indiana	S 542	Electronic Payments	Failed - Adjourned	Amends the definition of electronic payment for purposes of the statute governing electronic payments to a governmental body (defined as the state or a state agency) to include a payment made by means of any of the following, interactive voice response, as digital wallet, as digital currency; provides that after a specified date, a governmental body may not enter into or renew a contract, that is made with a provider or vendor of payment processing.
Iowa	H 246	Investment of Public Moneys in Digital Assets	Pending	Relates to the investment of public money in digital assets and precious metals.
Iowa	S 403	Investment of Public Moneys in Digital Assets	Pending	Relates to the investment of public money in digital assets and precious metals.
Iowa	S 449	Digital Financial Asset Transaction Kiosks	Enacted	Relates to digital financial asset transaction kiosks; provides that charges mean either a fee or expense paid by a consumer or the difference between the current market price of a digital financial asset on a licensed digital financial asset exchange and the price of the digital financial asset charged to a consumer.
Kansas	H 2235	Technology Enabled Fiduciary Financial Institutions Act	Failed - Adjourned	Relates to updating provisions of the Technology Enabled Fiduciary Financial Institutions (TEFFI) Act; makes the act part of the state banking code; adjusts and provides certain definitions; reduces the TEFFI charter application fee; authorizes the issuance of certificates and trust certificates; provides for the supervision of TEFFI's by the state bank commissioner; includes state nonprofit corporations as qualified charities for the TEFFI income tax credit.
Kansas	S 34	Investing in Bitcoin Exchange Traded Products	Failed - Adjourned	Relates to retirement and pensions; relates to the state Public Employees Retirement System; authorizes the board of trustees to invest up to a specified percent of the money of the state Public Employees Retirement Fund in Bitcoin exchange traded products; provides requirements, limitations and definitions regarding such investments.
Kentucky	H 376	State Financial Practices	Failed - Adjourned	Authorizes the state Investment Commission to make investments in certain digital assets and bullion; defines terms; establishes requirements for investments; prohibits investments in central bank digital currency; makes technical corrections; specifies administrative regulation authority of commission regarding investment powers and requirements; authorizes state retirement funds and state deferred compensation fund participants to invest in exchange traded products; authorizes state agencies to accept.
Kentucky	H 377	Digital Assets	Failed - Adjourned	Amend KRS 41.070 and 45.345 and create a new section of KRS Chapter 65 to prohibit state and local governments from requiring use or payment of central bank digital currency; establishes KRS Chapter 355A and create new sections thereof to define terms, establishes property classifications for digital assets and prohibit KRS Chapter 355A from applying to central bank digital currency; supplements and modifies provisions of the Uniform Commercial Code, KRS Chapter 355, relating to the classification.
Kentucky	H 701	Blockchain Digital Assets	Enacted	Defines terms relating to blockchain technology; provides that an individual shall not be prohibited from accepting digital assets for payment for legal goods or services or the use of a wallet; provides that digital assets used as a method of payment shall not be subject to additional taxes, withholdings, assessments or charges that are based solely on the use of the digital asset as the method of payment; prohibits the imposition or collection of taxes, withholdings, assessments on digital asset.
Louisiana	H 37	Contracts	Pending	Establishes a duty of care for online platforms who contract with minors.
Louisiana	H 483	Banks and Banking	Pending	Provide relative to virtual currency kiosks.
Maine	S 494	Limits on Virtual Currency Kiosks	Pending - Carryover	Sets limits on virtual currency kiosks.
Maine	H 967, Special Session	Commission to Study the Taxation of Digital Assets	Pending	Establishes the commission to study the taxation of digital assets.
Maine	H 1313, Special Session	State Revised Unclaimed Property Act	Pending	Amends the state Revised Unclaimed Property Act.
Maine	S 515, Special Session	Commission to Study Fostering a Positive Economic	Pending	Establishes the commission to study fostering a positive economic environment for blockchain technology and cryptocurrency.
Maine	S 553, Special Session	Virtual Currency Kiosks	Pending	Regulates virtual currency kiosks.
Maryland	H 454	Digital Asset and Blockchain Technology Task Force	Failed - Adjourned	Establishes the Digital Asset and Blockchain Technology Task Force to study and make recommendations regarding the use and regulation of blockchain technology and cryptocurrency in the state; requires the task force to report its findings and recommendations on or before a specified date.
Maryland	H 761	Uniform Disposition of Abandoned Property Act	To governor	Makes certain virtual currency subject to the abandoned property laws in the state; establishes provisions to determine certain information about certain apparent owners of abandoned property; provides that a certain operation does not prevent certain insurance policies from maturing or terminating; relates to pension account or retirement account that qualifies for tax deferral under the income tax.
Maryland	H 900	Electric Company Data Centers	Failed - Adjourned	Requires each electric company in the state to submit to the Public Service Commission for approval a specific rate schedule for certain data center customers with certain required provisions, including minimum durations, financial responsibilities and fees.
Maryland	H 1389	Strategic Bitcoin Reserve Act	Failed - Adjourned	Establishes the state Bitcoin Reserve Fund to serve as a reserve asset for the state through the investment of Bitcoin; authorizes the state treasurer to invest the funds obtained by the state through the enforcement of certain gambling violations in Bitcoin.
Maryland	S 305	Virtual Currency Kiosk Operator	Enacted	Establishes registration and operating requirements for a virtual currency kiosk operator to operate a virtual currency kiosk in the state; authorizes the commissioner of financial regulation to investigate and enforce this act in a certain manner; authorizes the commissioner to assess and recover certain penalties for a knowing and willful violation of this act.
Maryland	S 665	Uniform Disposition of Abandoned Property Act	To governor	Makes certain virtual currency subject to the abandoned property laws in the state; establishes provisions to determine certain information about certain apparent owners of abandoned property; provides that a certain operation does not prevent certain insurance policies from maturing or terminating; alters and establishes certain provisions pertaining to the presumption of abandonment for certain types of property; alters the dollar value at which the comptroller is required to publish certain notice.
Massachusetts	H 46	Financial Education in Schools	Pending	Requires financial education in schools; includes understanding emerging technologies and cryptocurrency in the financial literacy standards.
Massachusetts	H 88	Blockchain and Cryptocurrency	Pending	Relates to blockchain and cryptocurrency.
Massachusetts	H 89	Cryptocurrencies and Digital Assets	Pending	Requires that the office of the state treasurer develop and periodically review and update a digital module and resources on cryptocurrencies and digital assets.
Massachusetts	H 1089	Virtual Currency Kiosk Operators	Pending	Relates to virtual currency kiosk operators.
Massachusetts	H 1247	Regulations on Certain Virtual Currencies	Pending	Relates to regulations on certain virtual currencies.
Massachusetts	H 3279	Taxation and Investment in Digital Financial Assets	Pending	Relates to taxation and investment in digital financial assets.
Massachusetts	S 38	Special Commission on Blockchain and Cryptocurrency	Pending	Provides that provision be made for an investigation and study by a special commission on blockchain and cryptocurrency technology.
Massachusetts	S 40	Office of the State Treasurer	Pending	Requires that the office of the state treasurer develop and periodically review and update a digital module and resources on cryptocurrencies and digital assets.
Massachusetts	S 707	Certain Virtual Currencies	Pending	Relates to prevent fraud and establish regulations on certain virtual currencies.
Massachusetts	S 757	Certain Virtual Currencies	Pending	Establishes regulations on certain virtual currencies for fraud prevention.
Massachusetts	S 804	Qualifying Virtual Currency Kiosk Operators	Pending	Provides regulation and reporting requirements for qualifying virtual currency kiosk operators.
Massachusetts	S 1967	Bitcoin Strategic Reserve	Pending	Relates to a Bitcoin strategic reserve.
Massachusetts	S 2008	Purchasing Power of State Funds	Pending	Permits the inclusion of Bitcoin and other stable digital financial assets to serve as stores of value and provide a hedge against inflation, thereby protecting the purchasing power of state funds.
Michigan	H 4085	Cryptocurrency Mining	Pending	Allows mining cryptocurrency inside of an area that is zoned for industrial use.
Michigan	H 4086	State Treasury	Pending	Creates Office of the Michigan Bullion Depository and Michcoin Act.
Michigan	H 4087	State Treasury	Pending	Establishes strategic Bitcoin reserve.
Michigan	HR 100	Date Designation	Adopted	Declares May 13, 2025, is Digital Asset Awareness Day in the state of Michigan.
Minnesota	H 2946	Minnesota Bitcoin Act	Pending	Relates to finance; proposes the Minnesota Bitcoin Act; allows payments to the state by cryptocurrency; authorizes the state Board of Investment to invest in cryptocurrency; modifies various tax provisions.
Minnesota	H 3253	Defines Central Bank Digital Currency	Pending	Relates to commerce; defines central bank digital currency and revising the definition of money for purposes of the Uniform Commercial Code.
Minnesota	S 1879	Energy Savings Goals	Pending	Relates to energy; exempts sales to cryptocurrency and artificial intelligence data centers from certain energy savings goals.
Minnesota	S 2661	Minnesota Bitcoin Act	Pending	Relates to finance; proposes the state Bitcoin Act; allows payments to the state by cryptocurrency; authorizes the state Board of Investment to invest in cryptocurrency; modifies various tax provisions.
Minnesota	S 2768	Campaign Finance	Pending	Relates to campaign finance; requires disclosure of virtual currency on the statement of economic interest.
Minnesota	S 3096	Elections	Pending	Relates to elections; relates to campaign finance; modifies various laws related to election administration; modifies absentee voting requirements and procedures; modifies timelines; modifies provisions related to voter registration; amends notice provisions; modifies requirements relating to appointing election judges; formalizes the election reporting system; clarifies terminology; expands laws relating to reprisals for political activity; expands election-related bribery.
Mississippi	H 557	Central Bank Digital Currency Use	Failed	Prohibits governmental entities from using a central bank digital currency; defines the terms governmental entity and central bank digital currency; amends section 75 1 201, to provide that the term money does not include a central bank digital currency.
Mississippi	H 1042	Mississippi Bullion Depository	Failed	Establishes the Mississippi Bullion Depository; defines the term legal tender as specie legal tender and electronic and/or digital currency whose entire and exclusive value is correlated against the market value of gold or silver; defines other terms relating to the depository; provides that such depository is established to serve as the custodian, guardian and administrator of certain bullion and specie that may be transferred to or otherwise acquired by the state or an agency, department, institution.
Mississippi	H 1043	Mississippi Bullion Depository	Failed	Establishes the Mississippi Bullion Depository; defines the term legal tender as specie legal tender and electronic and/or digital currency whose entire and exclusive value is correlated against the market value of gold or silver; defines other terms relating to the depository; provides that such depository is established to serve as the custodian, guardian and administrator of certain bullion and specie that may be transferred to or otherwise acquired by the state or an agency, department, institution.
Mississippi	H 1590	Blockchain Basics Act	Failed	Establishes the Blockchain Basics Act for the purpose of regulating the use of digital assets and cryptocurrency in the State; defines terminology used in the act; prohibits any government agency of the State any political subdivision thereof from accepting or requiring a payment using central bank digital currency and from participating in any test of central bank digital currency by any federal reserve branch; provides that no agency of the State nor any political subdivision thereof shall prohibit.
Missouri	H 433	Storage and Use of Gold and Silver	Pending	Modifies standards for the storage and use of gold and silver.
Missouri	H 630	Constitutional Money Act	Pending	Establishes the Constitutional Money Act which regulates the treatment and use of gold and silver.
Missouri	H 733	Storage and Treatment of Gold and Silver	Pending	Establishes standards for the storage and treatment of gold and silver.
Missouri	H 754	Standards for Certain Financial Organizations	Pending	Modifies standards for certain financial organizations; provides that no bank shall be liable for the actions of a trusted contact; provides that no bank shall be liable for declining to interact with a trusted contact when the bank, in good faith and exercising reasonable care, determines that a trusted contact is not acting in the best interests of the customer.
Missouri	H 970	Video Lottery Gaming Terminals	Pending	Establishes provisions relating to video lottery gaming terminals, licenses and regulation.
Missouri	H 1136	Digital Assets Authorization Act	Pending	Establishes the Digital Assets Authorization Act.
Missouri	H 1217	Bitcoin Strategic Reserve Fund	Pending	Creates the Bitcoin Strategic Reserve Fund and allows the state treasurer to receive, invest and hold Bitcoin under certain circumstances.
Missouri	H 1428	Virtual Currency Kiosk Consumer Protection Act	Pending	Establishes the Virtual Currency Kiosk Consumer Protection Act.
Missouri	S 25	Modifies Provisions Relating to Gold and Silver	Pending	Creates and modifies provisions relating to gold, silver and electronic currency.
Missouri	S 98	Financial Institution Accounts Fraud	To governor	Creates the offense of financial institution accounts fraud; relates to Virtual Currency Kiosk Consumer Protection Act.
Missouri	S 194	Legal Tender	Pending	Creates and modifies provisions relating to legal tender.
Missouri	S 309	Digital Assets	Pending	Creates new provisions relating to digital assets.
Missouri	S 614	New Provisions Relating to Digital Assets	Pending	Creates new provisions relating to digital assets.
Missouri	S 779	Virtual Currency	Pending	Creates new provisions governing virtual currency.
Montana	H 263	Digital Asset Mining and Data Center Ratemaking Laws	Failed	Requires the reporting of electricity use for certain energy users; provides that, by the specified date of each year, any data center or digital mining business operating in the state, excluding home digital asset mining, shall report to the Public Service Commission and the Energy and Telecommunications Interim Committee the total megawatt hours of electricity consumed in the previous calendar year and the anticipated megawatt hours of electricity needed for the current calendar year.
Montana	H 382	Specie Legal Tender Act	Failed	Recognizes specie legal tender in the state; recognizes gold and silver coin or bullion issued by the United States; provides that exchanges of specie legal tender are exempt from individual income tax; defines specie legal tender; provides that, unless ordered by a district court, the state or any department, agency, court, political subdivision or instrumentality of the state, may not take the specified actions.
Montana	H 429	Precious Metals and Digital Assets Investment	Failed	Creates a state special revenue account for investment in precious metals and digital assets as determined by the Board of Investments; provides definitions; provides for a transfer.
Montana	H 453	Cryptocurrency Income Tax Payments	Failed	Requires Department of Revenue; accepts income tax payments in cryptocurrency.
Montana	H 639	Gambling Laws	Failed	Revises gambling laws.
Montana	S 265	Financial Freedom and Innovation Act	Enacted	Revises cryptocurrency laws; prohibits the use of central bank digital currency by governing authorities; permits the use of digital assets and blockchain protocols; provides certification requirements for issuers of network tokens; provides that certain provisions related to securities do not apply to a transaction by a network token issuer seeking to offer or sell a network token in certain transactions and a foreign corporation that has previously issued network tokens pursuant to specified requirements.
Montana	S 330	Blockchain and Digital Innovation Task Force	Enacted	Creates the state Blockchain and Digital Innovation Task Force; provides for membership; provides that the task force shall, among other things, develop and introduce recommendations regarding policy pertaining to the promotion in the state of the adoption of blockchain, financial technology and digital innovation and the development of nonfinancial incentives for industries in the state related to blockchain, financial technology and digital innovation.
Montana	S 426	Uniform Commercial Code	Enacted	Revises the Uniform Commercial Code; updates terminology for the digital age; provides rules for transactions involving certain digital assets including cryptocurrency; prohibits central bank digital currency; provides that in a hybrid transaction, if the sale of goods aspects do not predominate, certain provisions that relate primarily to the sale of goods aspects of the transaction apply and the provisions that relate primarily to the transaction as a whole do not apply; provides for hybrid leases.
Montana	S 535	Experimental Treatments	Enacted	Revises laws related to experimental treatments; provides for licensing of experimental treatment centers; authorizes an experimental treatment center may enter into provider agreements and establish any payment arrangement, including digital and alternative currencies, with patients, providers or third-party payers; amends the Right to Try Act; establishes a health freedom and access requirement for experimental treatment centers; establishes the insurance premium support account and related structure; provides definitions; provides rulemaking authority.
Nebraska	L 526	Cryptocurrency Mining Excise Tax	To governor	Relates to cryptocurrency mining; to define terms; provides powers and duties for public power suppliers; allows public power suppliers to impose requirements on cryptocurrency mining operations for the costs of certain infrastructure upgrades.
Nebraska	L 609	Controllable Electronic Record Fraud Prevention Act	Enacted	Adopts the Controllable Electronic Record Fraud Prevention Act; requires notice of potential fraud for purchasers of gift certificates and gift cards; changes provisions relating to search warrants.
Nevada	None
New Hampshire	H 302	State Treasury Investments	Enacted	Provides that the state treasurer may invest a portion of public funds in precious metals and any digital assets with a market capitalization of over a specified amount averaged over the previous calendar year from the General Fund, the Revenue Stabilization Fund and any other funds as authorized by the legislature; provides that any digital assets acquired by such funds shall be held in a specified manner; provides that precious metals shall be held in a specified manner.
New Hampshire	H 310	Real World Assets	To governor	Establishes a commission to study the creation of a regulatory framework for stable tokens and tokenized real-world assets in the state.
New Hampshire	H 639	Blockchain Basic Laws	Pending	Creates an act to protect blockchain technology and its users; establishes a blockchain dispute docket to oversee blockchain-related disputes.
New Jersey	A 449	Digital Payment Platform	Pending	Requires the Department of Treasury to review and approve a digital payment platform.
New Jersey	A 1517	Financial Literacy Instruction	Pending	Requires public high school students to receive financial literacy instruction on higher education costs, student financial assistance and cryptocurrencies.
New Jersey	A 2249	Digital Asset and Blockchain Technology Act	Pending	Relates to the Digital Asset and Blockchain Technology Act and Nationwide Multistate Licensing System; provides that the Bureau of Securities in the Division of Consumer Affairs in the Department of Law and Public Safety shall have the authority to determine whether a person is required to be licensed; provides that the bureau may deny, suspend or revoke a digital asset business license under certain conditions, including but not limited to upon finding that such actions are in the public interest.
New Jersey	A 2345	Virtual Currency and NFTs	Pending	Includes virtual currency and NFTs in definition of gift as applicable to public officials.
New Jersey	A 4880	Cryptocurrency Automatic Teller Machines	Pending	Prohibits cryptocurrency automatic teller machines.
New Jersey	A 5384	Virtual Currency Kiosk Consumer Protection	Pending	Establishes Virtual Currency Kiosk Consumer Protection Act.
New Jersey	S 666	Virtual Currency and Blockchain Regulation Act	Pending	Relates to Virtual Currency and Blockchain Regulation Act.
New Jersey	S 1304	Digital Asset and Blockchain Technology Act	Pending	Concerns digital assets and blockchain technology; prohibits license to be required if the subject of the digital asset business activity is a digital asset that is a digital consumer asset that is used solely within online gaming platforms, has no market or application outside of those gaming platforms and cannot be converted into or redeemed for, fiat currency or virtual currency; provides that it can be redeemed for goods, services, discounts or purchases as part of a customer affinity.
New Jersey	S 1618	Digital Payment Platform	Pending	Requires Department of Treasury to review and approve digital payment platform.
New Jersey	S 1634	Public Officials Gift Restrictions	Pending	Prohibits public officials from accepting virtual currency and non-fungible tokens as gifts.
New Jersey	S 3694	Cryptocurrency Automatic Teller Machines	Pending	Prohibits cryptocurrency automatic teller machines.
New Jersey	S 4288	Virtual Currency Kiosk Consumer Protection	Pending	Establishes Virtual Currency Kiosk Consumer Protection Act.
New Mexico	H 363	Decentralized Unincorporated Nonprofit Act	Failed - Adjourned	Relates to Decentralized Unincorporated Nonprofit Act.
New Mexico	S 275	Strategic Bitcoin Reserve Act	Failed - Adjourned	Relates to strategic Bitcoin reserve act.
New York	A 213	State-Issued Cryptocurrency	Pending	Establishes a task force to study the impact of a state-issued cryptocurrency on the state of New York.
New York	A 391	Virtual Tokens	Pending	Requires certain disclosures by a developer of virtual tokens in advertisements involving such virtual tokens; provides restrictions concerning advertising.
New York	A 3279	State Cryptocurrency and Blockchain Study Task Force	Pending	Relates to establishing the New York State Cryptocurrency and Blockchain Study Task Force; provides for the repeal of such provisions upon expiration thereof.
New York	A 3307	2022 Uniform Law Commission Recommended Amendments	Pending	Amends the Uniform Commercial Code, in relation to addressing emerging technologies; provides that in a hybrid transaction if the sale-of-goods aspects do not predominate, only the provisions of this article which relate primarily to the sale-of-goods aspects of the transaction apply and the provisions that relate primarily to the transaction as a whole do not apply; prohibits to apply to a transaction that operates only to create a security interest.
New York	A 5023	Election Contributions Made in Cash or Bitcoin	Pending	Provides that election contributions made in cash or in Bitcoin or any other form of cryptocurrency are not matchable for purposes of public financing.
New York	A 5353	Electric Generating Facilities	Pending	Extends the moratorium on air permit issuance and renewal for electric generating facilities that utilize a carbon-based fuel and that provide behind-the-meter electric energy consumed or utilized by cryptocurrency mining operations that use proof-of-work authentication methods to validate blockchain transactions.
New York	A 6266	Limited Purpose Trust Companies	Pending	Establishes requirements for the creation and operation of limited purpose trust companies; establishes how to apply to operate as a limited purpose trust company.
New York	A 6515	Offenses of Virtual Token Fraud	Pending	Amends the penal law in relation to establishing certain offenses relating to crypto fraud.
New York	A 6549	New York Children's Online Safety Act	Pending	Establishes the state Children's Online Safety Act; includes virtual currency in definition of financial transactions.
New York	A 7788	State Agencies Acceptance of Cryptocurrencies	Pending	Establishes that state agencies are allowed to accept cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin, Ethereum, Litecoin and Bitcoin cash as payment.
New York	A 7807	Fiat-Collateralized Stablecoins As a Form of Bail	Pending	Authorizes fiat-collateralized stablecoins as a form of bail; directs the commissioner of taxation and finance, in conjunction with the chief justice of the unified court system and the director of the office of information technology services, to promulgate rules and regulations identifying forms of fiat-collateralized stablecoin acceptable for posting bail to establish a system for the administration of the acceptance, recording and processing of stablecoins as a means of securing bail.
New York	A 8104	Study on Designation of Economic Empowerment Zones	Pending	Establishes a task force to study the potential designation of economic empowerment zones for the mining of cryptocurrencies in the state.
New York	S 1840	2022 Uniform Law Commission Recommended Amendments	Pending	Amends the Uniform Commercial Code, in relation to addressing emerging technologies.
New York	S 3262	Limited Purpose Trust Companies	Pending	Establishes requirements; creates and operates of limited purpose trust companies; establishes how to apply; operates as a limited purpose trust company.
New York	S 3347	State Energy Research and Development Authority	Pending	Directs the New York State Energy Research and Development Authority to conduct a study on powering cryptocurrency mining facilities with renewable energy.
New York	S 3801	Digital Currency Task Force	Pending	Creates the Digital Currency Task Force to provide the governor and the legislature with information on the potential effects of the widespread implementation of digital currencies on financial markets in the state.
New York	S 3985	Task Force to Study State Issued Cryptocurrency	Pending	Establishes a task force to study the impact of a state-issued cryptocurrency on the state of New York.
New York	S 4728	State Cryptocurrency and Blockchain Study Task Force	Pending	Establishes the state Cryptocurrency and Blockchain Study Task Force within the Department of Financial Services to provide the governor and the legislature with information on the effects of the widespread use of cryptocurrencies and other forms of digital currencies and their ancillary systems, including but not limited to blockchain technology, in the state; provides for the repeal of such provisions upon expiration.
New York	S 5473	Disclosures By a Developer of Virtual Tokens	Pending	Requires certain disclosures by a developer of virtual tokens in advertisements involving such virtual tokens; provides restrictions concerning advertising.
New York	S 7824	Offenses of Virtual Token Fraud and Illegal Rug Pulls	Pending	Establishes the offenses of virtual token fraud, illegal rug pulls and private key fraud; relates to penalty.
North Carolina	H 92	NC Digital Assets Investments Act	Pending	Authorizes the state treasurer to invest in qualifying digital assets, examine the feasibility to allow members of the state Retirement Income Plan and the 457(b) Deferred Compensation Plan to invest in digital assets, and to study a state reserve to hold seized or forfeited digital assets; provides that the treasurer may invest the cash of the designated funds in digital assets, including virtual currencies, after obtaining an independent assessment by a third party that certain requirements have been met.
North Carolina	H 506	2025 State Investment Modernization Act	Pending	Enacts the 2025 State Investment Modernization Act; creates the state Investment Authority; provides that the authority shall be governed by a board of directors; provides that the board has specified investment-related powers and duties; provides that the board has the authority to approve investment policy statements, including investment objectives, strategic asset allocation and policy benchmarks, the appointment of a master global custodian bank and annual operating budgets for investment programs.
North Carolina	H 920	Digital Asset Freedom Act	Pending	Allows the use of digital assets in economic transactions and in the payment of taxes; establishes protections for new customers transmitting digital assets.
North Carolina	S 117	Uniform Commercial Code	Pending	Updates the Uniform Commercial Code to govern transactions involving certain emerging technologies.
North Carolina	S 327	Bitcoin Reserve and Investment Act	Pending	Enacts the state Bitcoin Reserve and Investment Act.
North Carolina	S 709	State Investment Modernization Act	Pending	Enacts the state Investment Modernization Act.
North Dakota	H 1149	Revised Uniform Unclaimed Property Act	Enacted	Relates to the Revised Uniform Unclaimed Property Act; declares an emergency.
North Dakota	H 1184	Digital Asset and Precious Metal Investment	Failed	Relates to digital asset and precious metal investments.
North Dakota	H 1239	Blockchain Technology Protection	Failed	Relates to blockchain technology, protection for digital asset mining and an exemption from a money transmitter license.
North Dakota	H 1441	Specie Legal Tender	Failed	Relates to specie legal tender, the taxation of specie legal tender and central bank digital currencies; relates to the definition of central bank digital currency and the definition of money.
North Dakota	H 1447	Virtual Currency Kiosks	Enacted	Relates to virtual currency kiosks; provides that a kiosk operator may not engage in virtual currency business activity or hold itself out as being able to engage in virtual currency business activity with or on behalf of another person unless the kiosk operator is licensed in the state as a money transmitter; provides that a virtual currency kiosk operator shall use blockchain analytics software to assist in the detection and prevention of suspicious activity.
North Dakota	HCR 3001	State Treasurer and State Investment Board	Failed	Encourages the state treasurer and state Investment Board to invest selected state funds in digital assets and precious metals.
North Dakota	HCR 3022	Political Subdivisions	Failed	Directs the Legislative Management to consider studying political subdivisions making investments in stablecoins.
N. Mariana Islands	None
Ohio	H 18	Strategic Cryptocurrency Reserve Act	Pending	Amends specified sections and to enact specified section of the Revised Code to address investments in exchange-traded products by the state retirement systems, to permit the state treasurer to invest certain interim funds in digital assets and to name this act the Ohio Strategic Cryptocurrency Reserve Act.
Ohio	H 116	Blockchain Basics Act	Pending	Enacts the state Blockchain Basics Act to address mining, taxation and regulation of digital assets and digital asset investments by the state retirement systems.
Ohio	S 57	Bitcoin Reserve Act	Pending	Authorizes investment of state funds in bitcoin, to require state entities to accept payment in cryptocurrency and to name this act the state Bitcoin Reserve Act.
Oklahoma	H 1203	Strategic Bitcoin Reserve Act	Pending	Relates to public finance; enacts the Strategic Bitcoin Reserve Act; permits certain investments by the state treasurer; limits investments; directs that certain taxes and fees be paid to the state General Fund; permits the investment of state retirement funds.
Oklahoma	H 1871	Digital Currency	Pending	Relates to digital currency; enacts the state Digital Currency Policy Act of 2025; provides for noncodification; and provides an effective date.
Oklahoma	H 1891	State Government	Pending	Relates to state government; provides definitions; permits the state treasurer to invest public funds in certain precious metals and digital assets; limits amount that may be invested; prescribes the way digital assets shall be held; clarifies stablecoins must be approved by certain competent authorities; permits engaging in staking by using a third-party solution; permits loaning of certain digital assets.
Oklahoma	S 325	Bitcoin	Pending	Relates to Bitcoin; defines terms; exempts certain firms from certain licensing requirements; authorizes state employees, private businesses and individuals to negotiate and receive payments in Bitcoin; authorizes certain employees and vendors to elect to receive compensation in Bitcoin; prescribes requirements; prescribes value; provides for the deposit of funds; requires the state treasurer to create certain request for proposal; stipulates consideration.
Oklahoma	S 785	Oklahoma Banking Code	Pending	Relates to Oklahoma Banking Code; relates to definitions; defines terms; updates statutory language; updates statutory references; provides an effective date.
Oklahoma	S 888	Digital Assets	Pending	Relates to digital assets; relates to definitions; updates statutory reference; defines terms; provides an effective date.
Oklahoma	S 1083	Digital Assets	To governor	Requires a license for digital asset kiosk operators to engage in transactions; authorizes the promulgation of rules; permits civil suits against digital asset kiosk operators; requires notice before location or relocation of a digital asset kiosk; requires submission of quarterly reports; requires digital asset kiosk operators to disclose terms and conditions; requires digital asset kiosk operators to provide certain receipts; directs all digital asset kiosk operators to use blockchain technology.
Oregon	H 2071	Blockchain Protocols and Digital Assets	Pending	Prohibits state and local governments from restricting certain activities related to blockchain protocols and digital assets.
Oregon	S 146	State Treasurer Study on Trust Property	Pending	Requires the state treasurer to study trust property.
Oregon	S 167	Uniform Commercial Code	Enacted	Amends portions of the Uniform Commercial Code to enable the code to govern the use of certain types of digital assets, electronic money, chattel paper, hybrid transactions, including bundles of goods and services, documents of title and payment systems.
Pennsylvania	H 501	Alternative Energy Portfolio Standards Act	Pending	Amends the act known as the Alternative Energy Portfolio Standards Act; provides for definitions; provides for force majeure; provides for alternative energy portfolio standards, for portfolio requirements in other states, for health and safety standards and for interagency responsibilities; provides for zero emissions credits; makes editorial changes.
Pennsylvania	H 883	Virtual Currency Lenders	Pending	Provides for collateral requirements for virtual currency lenders and for segregation of funds; imposes penalties.
Pennsylvania	H 1210	Crypto Asset Mining Operations	Pending	Provides for reporting requirements for qualifying crypto-asset mining operations and for an impact study; imposes duties on the Department of Environmental Protection.
Pennsylvania	S 66	Ethics Standards and Financial Disclosure	Pending	Amends Title 65, Public Officers, of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in ethics standards and financial disclosure; provides for definitions, for restricted activities and for penalties.
Pennsylvania	S 97	Code of Conduct	Pending	Amends Titles 65. Public Officers, and 74, Transportation, of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, in ethics standards and financial disclosure; provides for definitions, for restricted activities, for statement of financial interests and for penalties; relates to lobbying disclosure; provides for definitions, for reporting and for penalties; relates to Turnpike Commission standards of conduct; provides for code of conduct.
Pennsylvania	S 501	Alternative Energy Portfolio Standards Act	Pending	Amends the act known as the Alternative Energy Portfolio Standards Act; provides for definitions; provides for force majeure; provides for alternative energy portfolio standards, for portfolio requirements in other states, for health and safety standards and for interagency responsibilities; provides for zero emissions credits; makes editorial changes.
Puerto Rico	None
Rhode Island	H 5121	Virtual Currency Kiosks Regulation	Pending	Relates to financial institutions; currency transmissions; creates a process for the licensure and oversight by the Department of Business Regulation over the practices and procedures of virtual currency kiosk operators to prevent fraud related to the use of virtual currency kiosks, by establishing daily transaction limits and regulating fees.
Rhode Island	H 5564	The State Economic Growth Blockchain Act	Pending	Establishes an economic growth blockchain and would regulate virtual and digital assets and establish depository banks for these purposes.
Rhode Island	H 5636	Financial Institutions Currency Transmissions	Pending	Provides that operators of virtual currency kiosks must provide customers with a paper receipt, electronic receipt or both for the transaction.
Rhode Island	H 5810	Proposal to Study Blockchain and Cryptocurrency	Pending	(Joint Resolution) Creates a seven member special legislative study commission whose purpose it would be to recommended legislative proposals to encourage a positive economic environment for blockchain and cryptocurrency in this state and who would submit an interim progress report and recommendations to the secretary of commerce, the general treasurer and the General Assembly no later than Jan. 5, 2026, and a final report by Jan. 5, 2027, and whose life would expire on Feb. 5, 2027.
Rhode Island	H 5868	Prohibition of Production of Private Digital Asset Keys	Pending	Prohibits the compelled production of a private key as it relates to a digital asset, digital identity or other interest or right.
Rhode Island	H 6007	The State Digital Asset Retention Act	Pending	Allows the state treasurer to acquire, hold and have the option to invest uncommitted funds in digital assets.
Rhode Island	H 6290	Imposing a Wealth Tax on Individuals and Entities	Pending	Imposes a wealth tax on Rhode Island individuals and entities at a rate of 1% of worldwide wealth.
Rhode Island	S 16	Financial Institutions Currency Transmissions	Pending	Relates to financial institutions; currency transmissions; establishes regulation by Department of Business Regulation over the practices and procedures of virtual currency kiosk operators to prevent fraud related to the use of virtual currency kiosks, by establishing daily transaction limits and the regulating of fees.
Rhode Island	S 373	To Study Blockchain and Cryptocurrency	Pending	(Joint Resolution) Creates a special legislative study commission whose purpose it would be to recommended legislative proposals to encourage a positive economic environment for blockchain and cryptocurrency in this state and who would submit an interim progress report and recommendations to the secretary of commerce, the general treasurer and the General Assembly no later than Jan. 5, 2026, and a final report by Jan. 5, 2027, and whose life would expire on Feb. 5, 2027.
Rhode Island	S 375	Prohibition of Production of Private Digital Asset Keys	Pending	Provides that, with limited exception, prohibit the compelled production of a private key as it relates to a digital asset, digital identity or other interest or right.
Rhode Island	S 451	Personal Income Tax Exemptions	Pending	Exempts the sale of Bitcoin from state income tax, if such sale is valued at less than $1,000.
Rhode Island	S 779	Wealth Tax of Worldwide Wealth	Pending	Imposes a wealth tax on Rhode Island individuals and entities at a rate of 1% of worldwide wealth.
American Samoa	None
South Carolina	H 3304	Central Bank Digital Currency	Pending	Relates to commercial code general definitions; adds the definition of central bank digital currency and to exclude central bank digital currency; by amending relates to control of transferable records pursuant to the uniform electronic transactions act; makes a technical change; by amending relates to the general powers of a banking corporation; prohibits a banking corporation from offering any service or approving of or conducting any transaction that involves central bank digital currency.
South Carolina	H 3442	Definition of Money	Pending	Relates to the definition of money; provides that money does not include a central bank digital currency.
South Carolina	H 3751	Modifications of Gross Income	Pending	Relates to modifications of gross income; excludes income derived from the receipt, sale, exchange or otherwise disposal of digital assets such as cryptocurrency.
South Carolina	H 4256	Digital Assets	Pending	Provides that the state treasurer may invest in certain digital assets and provides that the state treasurer shall develop certain policies.
South Carolina	S 163	Central Bank Digital Currency	Pending	Prohibits a governing authority from accepting or requiring payment using central bank digital currency or participating in a test of central bank digital currency; permits individuals or businesses using digital currency for transactions; provides that digital assets may not be singled out for disparate tax treatment; provides that digital currency transaction may be taxed if the taxation is the same as if the transaction used U.S. legal tender.
South Carolina	S 444	Sports Wagering Act	Pending	Provides that the operation of sports wagering and ancillary activities are lawful in certain circumstances; creates the state sports wagering commission; provides a privilege tax; provides for licenses; includes digital, crypto and virtual currencies in the definition of cash equivalents.
South Dakota	H 1196	Uniform Unclaimed Property Act	Enacted	Updates Uniform Unclaimed Property Act to include provisions related to virtual currency and notice requirements.
South Dakota	H 1202	State to Invest in Bitcoin	Failed - Adjourned	Permits the state to invest in Bitcoin.
South Dakota	HCR 6006	State Investment Council Invest in Bitcoin	Failed - Adjourned	Urges the state Investment Council to invest in Bitcoin.
Tennessee	H 916	Campaigns and Campaign Finance	Pending	Requires, by the specified date, the registry of election finance to issue a report to the speakers, the legislative librarian and the office of legislative budget analysis on the use of digital currency being contributed to candidates and political campaign committees throughout the last five years.
Tennessee	S 590	Campaigns and Campaign Finance	Pending	Requires, by the specified date, the registry of election finance to issue a report to the speakers, the legislative librarian and the office of legislative budget analysis on the use of digital currency being contributed to candidates and political campaign committees throughout the last a specified year.
Texas	H 991	Abortion and Abortion Inducing Drugs	Pending	Relates to abortion, including civil liability for distribution of abortion-inducing drugs and duties of internet service providers; creates a criminal offense; includes the use of digital currency; authorizes a private civil right of action.
Texas	H 1598	Establishment of a Bitcoin Reserve	Pending	Relates to the establishment of a bitcoin reserve within the State Treasury and the management of cryptocurrencies by governmental entities.
Texas	H 2767	Regulation of Online Global Marketplaces	Pending	Relates to regulation of online global marketplaces.
Texas	H 2798	Virtual Currency Kiosk Transactions	Pending	Relates to disclosures and other requirements concerning virtual currency kiosk transactions; authorizes a fee.
Texas	H 3110	Civil Asset Forfeiture of Digital Currency	Pending	Relates to civil asset forfeiture of digital currency or other similar property.
Texas	H 3301	Establishing the Permanent Public School Fund	Pending	Relates to establishing the Permanent Public School Fund to reduce school district maintenance and operations ad valorem taxes and provide funding for public school prekindergarten programs. Provides that the comptroller shall invest money in the fund in: (1) cryptocurrencies; (2) corporate bonds; (3) municipal bonds; and (4) treasury bills issued by the U.S. government.
Texas	H 4233	Requirements for Digital Asset Service Providers	Pending	Relates to reporting and auditing requirements for digital asset service providers.
Texas	H 4258	Authority of the Comptroller of Public Accounts	Pending	Relates to the authority of the comptroller of public accounts and certain political subdivisions of this state to invest certain money in cryptocurrencies.
Texas	H 4853	Skimmers on Electronic Terminals	Pending	Relates to skimmers on electronic terminals; authorizes a civil penalty; creates criminal offenses.
Texas	H 4908	Establishment of the Texas Prosperity Payout Fund	Pending	Relates to the establishment of the state Prosperity Payout Fund; imposes taxes on the gross revenues of and consumption by certain industry participants; authorizes administrative penalties.
Texas	H 5510	Abortion Offenses	Pending	Relates to abortion, including civil liability for distribution of abortion-inducing drugs and to the destruction of certain property; makes conforming changes and harmonizing conforming provisions; creates criminal offenses; includes the use of digital currency; authorizes a private civil right of action.
Texas	HJR 175	Right to Own Medium of Exchange	Pending	Proposes a constitutional amendment relating to the right to own, hold and use a mutually agreed upon medium of exchange.
Texas	HJR 177	Constitutional Amendment	Pending	Proposes a constitutional amendment relating to the right to own, hold and use a mutually agreed upon medium of exchange.
Texas	S 21	Strategic Bitcoin Reserve	Pending	Relates to the establishment and administration of the state Strategic Bitcoin Reserve for the purpose of investing in cryptocurrency and the investment authority of the comptroller of public accounts over the reserve and certain other state funds.
Texas	S 665	Issuance of Gold and Silver Specie	Pending	Relates to the issuance of gold and silver specie and the establishment of a digital currency based on gold and silver; authorizes a fee.
Texas	S 778	Texas Strategic Bitcoin Reserve	Pending	Relates to the establishment and administration of the state Strategic Bitcoin Reserve; makes an appropriation.
Texas	S 1244	Unclaimed Securities and Virtual Currency	Pending	Relates to unclaimed securities and virtual currency that are presumed abandoned.
Texas	S 1498	Civil Asset Forfeiture of Digital Currency	Pending	Relates to civil asset forfeiture of digital currency or other similar property.
Texas	S 1648	Regulation of Online Global Marketplaces	Pending	Relates to regulation of online global marketplaces.
Texas	S 1705	Regulation of Virtual Currency Kiosks	Pending	Relates to the regulation of virtual currency kiosks.
Texas	S 1941	Digital Asset Service Provider Required Reports	Pending	Relates to certain reports required to be filed by digital asset service providers.
Texas	S 2174	Requirements for Digital Asset Service Providers	Pending	Relates to reporting and auditing requirements for digital asset service providers.
Texas	S 2223	Amendments to the Uniform Commercial Code	Pending	Relates to amendments to the Uniform Commercial Code, including amendments concerning certain intangible assets and the perfection of security interests in those assets.
Texas	S 2371	Skimmers on Electronic Terminals	To governor	Relates to skimmers on electronic terminals; authorizes a civil penalty; creates criminal offenses; provides that if a service technician discovers a skimmer in or on an electronic terminal, the service technician or service company that employs the technician shall notify the center and the merchant of the skimmer in the manner prescribed by center rule.
Texas	S 2880	Abortion Civil Liabilities	Pending	Relates to abortion; includes civil liability for distribution of abortion-inducing drugs and to the destruction of certain property; makes conforming changes and harmonizing conforming provisions; creates criminal offenses; includes the use of digital currency; authorizes a private civil right of action.
Texas	S 2922	Issuance and Regulation of an Oil Backed Stablecoin	Pending	Relates to the issuance and regulation of an oil-backed stablecoin; authorizes a fee; authorizes an administrative penalty.
Texas	SCR 8	Creation of a Central Bank Digital Currency	Pending	Expresses opposition to the creation of a central bank digital currency.
Texas	SJR 55	Constitutional Amendment	Pending	Proposes a constitutional amendment relating to the right to own, hold and use a mutually agreed upon medium of exchange.
Utah	H 230	Blockchain and Digital Innovation Amendments	Enacted	Authorizes the state treasurer to invest public funds in certain digital assets; prohibits certain entities from restricting the acceptance or custody of digital assets; establishes the right to operate nodes, develop software, transfer digital assets and participate in staking on blockchain protocols; creates exemptions from money transmitter licensing; restricts the ability of political subdivisions to impose sound limitations or zoning restrictions on digital asset mining businesses in industrial zones.
Utah	H 306	Gold-backed Digital Payment System	Vetoed	Enacts and modifies provisions relating to state investment in gold and the establishment of a gold-backed digital payment system; extends and adds a sunset date to the state treasurer's precious metals study requirement; requires the state treasurer to develop and issue a competitive procurement for a precious metals-backed electronic payment system; establishes requirements for the request for proposals.
Vermont	H 137	Regulation of Insurance Products and Services	Enacted	Proposes to make various amendments to state law primarily as it pertains to the regulation of insurance products and services subject to the jurisdiction of the Department of Financial Regulation; relates to captive insurance; relates to property and casualty; relates to regulation; relates to confidentiality of investigation and examination reports; relates to unfair methods of competition or unfair or deceptive acts or practices; relates to Medicare supplement insurance rate; relates to virtual currency kiosks.
Vermont	H 370	Public Welfare	Pending	Relates to cryptocurrency and protecting the public welfare.
Vermont	S 129	Regulation of Virtual Currency Kiosk Operators	Pending	Relates to the regulation of virtual currency kiosk operators.
Virginia	H 1796	Decentralized Autonomous Organization	Vetoed	Relates to corporations; relates to decentralized autonomous organizations; creates a regulatory framework for decentralized autonomous organizations, which are a form of limited liability company and provides that an entity seeking to become a decentralized autonomous organization must file its articles of organization with the state Corporation Commission to seek a certificate of organization.
Virginia	H 2428	Classification of Tangible Personal Property	Failed	Relates to classification of tangible personal property; relates to computer equipment and peripherals used in data centers; relates to facilities housing systems used to engage in digital asset mining business activities; provides that, for purposes of the separate tax classification of tangible personal property for computer equipment and peripherals used in a data center, a data center includes facilities housing systems used to engage in digital mining business activities.
Virginia	S 1170	Disclosure of Digital Assets	Failed	Relates to Virginia Conflict of Interest and Ethics Advisory Council; relates to disclosure of digital assets; directs the Virginia Conflict of Interest and Ethics Advisory Council to require the disclosure of digital assets on the Statement of Economic Interests form; defines digital assets to mean any digital representation of value recorded on a cryptographically secured distributed ledger or similar technology.
U.S. Virgin Islands	None
Washington	H 1268	Virtual Currency Transaction Kiosks	Pending - Carryover	Concerns virtual currency transaction kiosks.
Washington	H 2046	Select Financial Intangible Assets Tax	Pending - Carryover	Creates fairness in Washington's tax by imposing a tax on select financial intangible assets.
Washington	S 5280	Consumers of Virtual Currency Kiosks	Pending - Carryover	Protects consumers of virtual currency kiosks.
Washington	S 5316	Uniform Unclaimed Property Act	Enacted	Modifies provisions of the Revised Uniform Unclaimed Property Act by clarifying the abandonment period and reporting procedures for prearrangement funeral service contracts trusts, modifying holder reporting requirements, modifying owner notification requirements and making other changes not estimated to impact revenue.
Washington	S 5797	Tax on Stocks Bonds	Pending - Carryover	Enacts a wealth tax on stocks, bonds and other financial intangible assets for the benefit of public schools.
West Virginia	H 2383	Criminal Forfeiture Process Act	Failed - Adjourned	Relates to the creation of the Criminal Forfeiture Process Act replacing the state Contraband Forfeiture Act.
West Virginia	H 2463	Gold Silver and Crypto Currency Legal Tender	Failed - Adjourned	Makes gold, silver and crypto currency legal tender in state.
West Virginia	H 2673	Guilty Verdict	Failed - Adjourned	Requires a guilty verdict, before any property of any type is taken from an individual. Includes digital and cryptocurrency in the definition of proceeds.
West Virginia	HCR 99	Preventing Financial Fraud and Scams	Failed - Adjourned	Requests the Joint Standing Committee on the Judiciary to study policies aimed at preventing financial fraud and scams and report its findings and recommendations to the West Virginia Legislature, the governor’s office and the attorney general’s office not later than Dec. 31, 2025.
West Virginia	S 441	Digital Currency Backed by Gold	Failed - Adjourned	Establishes digital currency backed by gold.
West Virginia	S 465	Precious Metals and Digital Currency Act	Failed - Adjourned	Creates the State Treasurer's Investment in Precious Metals and Digital Currency Act.
West Virginia	S 591	Criminal Forfeiture Process Act	Failed - Adjourned	Creates Criminal Forfeiture Process Act to replace state Contraband Forfeiture Act.
Wisconsin	None
Wyoming	H 137	Revision of Statutes and Other Legislative Enactments	Enacted	Relates to the revision of statutes and other legislative enactments; corrects statutory references and language resulting from inadvertent errors and omissions in previously adopted legislation; provides that the state budget shall include the governors recommendations for a total appropriation from the Public School Foundation Program Account and, based upon recommendations of the Select School Facilities Committee, a total appropriation for school capital construction purposes for both fiscal years. Amends provision regarding Wyoming Stable Token Accounts.
Wyoming	H 201	State Funds Investment in Bitcoin	Failed	Relates to public funds; authorizes the investment of state funds and permanent funds in Bitcoin; specifies requirements for the investment in Bitcoin; requires rulemaking; requires reports; provides definitions; provides for an effective date.
Wyoming	H 264	Central Bank Digital Currencies	Enacted	Prohibits state agencies from requiring a central bank digital currency as payment; provides that no state agency shall use public funds to assist in any manner in the testing, adoption or implementation of a central bank digital currency.
Wyoming	H 308	Cryptographic Frontiers Act	Failed	Relates to trade and commerce; requires the attorney general; investigates specified federal overreach; involves blockchain or cryptocurrency; relates actions; reports by residents; authorizes the attorney general; files or intervene in lawsuits as specified; provides definitions; provides for an effective date.
Wyoming	S 95	Special Purpose Depository Institution Amendments	Enacted	Provides for the conversion of special purpose depository institutions into public trust companies; amends capital startup requirements; amends deposit requirements; repeals a supervision fee for banks providing digital asset custodial services; provides for unexpended fees; provides that no special purpose depository institution may be chartered without a paid-up surplus fund of not less than a specified percent of its legally authorized capital stock and undivided profits.

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