Alabama
Ala. Code § 17-11-3
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With a valid excuse, all voters may submit an absentee ballot request up to five days before the election. Within five days of an election, voters with medical or work-related emergencies may qualify for an absentee ballot. If emergency workers are responding to an emergency, they can vote by absentee ballot.
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Alaska
Alaska Stat. § 15.20.081
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The deadline to request an absentee ballot by mail is 10 days before the election. Voters may request absentee ballots be delivered by electronic transmission until 5 p.m. on the day before Election Day.
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Arizona
Ariz. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 16-549
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In the case of a medical emergency after the absentee request deadline (the second Friday before the election), the county board of electors will personally deliver a ballot to a voter's place of confinement.
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Arkansas
Ark. Stat. Ann. § 7-5-404(3)
Ark. Stat. Ann. § 7-5-403
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A voter with a valid excuse can appoint an agent to submit an absentee request on Election Day. The agent may obtain ballots from the county clerk for no more than two voters per election who cannot cast a ballot at the appropriate polling place on Election Day because the voter is a patient in a hospital or long-term care facility.
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California
Cal. Elec Code § 3021.5
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All eligible voters receive mail ballots. Out-of-state emergency responders can receive a vote by mail or faxed ballot to their location.
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Colorado
Colo. Rev. Stat. § 1-7.5-115
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All eligible voters receive mail ballots. If an emergency or natural disaster occurs after the deadline by which ballots are mailed and a voter cannot vote in person, they may designate an authorized representative to obtain a replacement ballot on his behalf. If the voter is unable to do so, the election official shall deliver a replacement ballot by electronic transfer, and the voter may return the ballot by electronic transfer.
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Connecticut
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 9-150c
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If a voter becomes hospitalized within six days of the election, the voter can designate someone to deliver an absentee application to the clerk.
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Delaware
Del. Code Ann. tit. 15, § 5503
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There is not an emergency statute, but a voter can request an absentee ballot until noon the day before the election.
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Florida
Fla. Stat. § 101.62(4)(c)
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A vote-by-mail ballot can be picked up by a voter or the voter's family member before 7 p.m. on Election Day in case of an emergency.
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Georgia
Ga. Code § 21-2-384
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Hospitalized voters can have an absentee ballot delivered to the hospital by an election official during the period 10 days before the election.
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Hawaii
Hawaii Rev. Stat. §15-4
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All eligible voters receive mail ballots. A person who is unable to receive a ballot at the address on their voter registration file may submit a written request to the clerk before 4:30 p.m. on the seventh day before the election.
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Idaho
Idaho Code § 34-1002
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Voters can request an emergency absentee ballot within 96 hours of the election if they are unable to make it to the polls.
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Illinois
Ill. Rev. Stat. Ch. 10, § 5/19-13
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Voters hospitalized within 14 days of an election are entitled to personal delivery of an absentee ballot subject to certain conditions.
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Indiana
Ind. Code § 3-11-4-1 Ind. Code § 3-11-8-25.7
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County board of elections must approve an emergency ballot by unanimous vote in cases where a person has been hospitalized or suffered an injury that would prevent the person from voting at the polls after the deadline for applying for an absentee ballot. The state election division prescribes a way for military and public safety officers to vote when responding to an emergency.
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Iowa
Iowa Code § 53.22(3)
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Voters hospitalized can request an absentee ballot up to four hours before the polls close.
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Kansas
Kan. Stat. Ann. § 25-1122
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Voters with a temporary illness or disability or who is not proficient in reading the English language or a person rendering assistance to such a voter can apply for an advanced ballot up until the polls close on Election Day.
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Kentucky
Ky. Rev. Stat. § 117.077
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A voter suffering some medical emergency 14 days or less before the election can request an absentee ballot.
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Louisiana
La. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 18:1303, 1308
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A person hospitalized, expected to be hospitalized or bedridden during early voting or on Election Day can vote by mail. Out-of-state emergency workers can vote by mail, fax, or other methods.
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Maine
Me. Rev. Stat. Ann. tit. 21-A, § 753-B(2)(D)
Me. Rev. Stat. Ann. tit. 21-A, § 663
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The deadline to request an absentee ballot for all voters is the third business day before the election. A voter with an unexpected absence, illness, physical disability, or inability to travel to the polls can request an absentee ballot after the deadline. First responders can vote absentee when responding to an emergency on Election Day.
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Maryland
Md. Election Law Code Ann. § 9-305
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Voters can request an absentee ballot be sent by mail or fax until the Tuesday before the election, or by internet by the Friday before the election. Voters can have their agent apply for an absentee ballot until the polls close on Election Day.
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Massachusetts
Mass. Gen. Laws Ann. ch. 54, § 89
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Voters admitted to the hospital after noon on the seventh day before an election can apply for an absentee ballot until the polls close.
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Michigan
Mich. Comp. Laws § 168.759b
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If a voter becomes physically disabled or is absent from the polling location due to sickness or death in the family after the absentee request deadline, the voter can request an absentee ballot up until 4 p.m. on Election Day.
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Minnesota
Minn. Stat. § 203B.04
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A voter who becomes hospitalized on the day before the election may apply for an absentee ballot on election day, and can have the absentee ballot delivered by election officials.
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Mississippi
Miss. Code Ann. § 23-15-715
Miss. Code Ann. § 23-15-673
Miss. Code Ann. § 23-15-699
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Emergency responders deployed during the time period for absentee voting or election day are eligible to return ballots electronically (by email, fax or web-based system). Emergency response providers can vote by mail, fax, or e-mail if responding to an emergency on Election Day.
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Missouri
Mo. Rev. Stat. § 115.279
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There is no emergency exception to the absentee ballot deadline, which is the Wednesday before the election.
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Montana
Mont. Code Ann. § 13-13-212
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Voters experiencing a health-related emergency can request an emergency absentee ballot.
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Nebraska
Neb. Rev. Stat. § 32-941
Neb. Rev. Stat. § 32-943
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There is not an emergency absentee extension, but if the voter requested an absentee ballot before the deadline (close of business on the second Friday before the election) then an agent can retrieve and deliver the ballot for them.
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Nevada
Nevada Secretary of State
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All voters receive mail ballots. An absentee ballot can be brought to a voter at a hospital or other medical facility in certain emergency circumstances. Requests for an emergency absentee ballot must be made in writing and submitted any time before 5 p.m. on the day of the election. Such requests must be due to an illness or disability resulting in confinement to a medical facility (includes nursing homes), sudden hospitalization, serious illness, or being called away from home after the time has elapsed for requesting a standard absentee ballot.
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New Hampshire
N.H. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 657:1
N.H. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 657:21-a
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There is no absentee request deadline, but voters must send in an absentee application in time to receive a ballot and cast the ballot by 5 p.m. on Election Day. If emergency service workers are called away before they can vote, election officials shall make every reasonable effort to ensure absentee ballot requests, ballots, and all related materials are transported to the emergency service workers and returned to the correct election jurisdiction.
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New Jersey
N.J. Rev. Stat. § 19:63-3(d)
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Any registered voter can apply for a mail-in ballot in person to the county clerk up until 3 p.m. the day before the election.
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New Mexico
N.M. Stat. Ann. § 1-6-16.2
N.M. Stat. Ann. § 1-6B-9
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If a voter contracts an unforeseen illness or disability resulting in confinement, the voter can cast a provisional ballot via an authorized representative until the time the polls close on Election Day. Emergency response providers can use the same procedures as UOCAVA voters if called away for an emergency no later than 35 days before an election.
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New York
N.Y. Election Law § 8-400
N.Y. Election Law § 11-308
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Voters absent from the county, unable to go to the polls due to their own or a family member's physical illness, at hospital, or detained waiting trial can request an absentee ballot up until the day of the election. Applications can be requested and delivered by a family member or a member of the voter's household. Emergency responders can apply for an emergency absentee ballot by fax, mail, or email if responding to an emergency.
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North Carolina
N.C. Gen. Stat. §163-230.1(b)
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Voters who cannot vote in person on Election Day due to their own illness or the illness of a family member can request or have a family member request an application to vote between 5 p.m. on the Tuesday before the election and 5 p.m. on the day of the election.
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North Dakota
N.D. Cent. Code, § 16.1-07-05
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In case of an emergency, a voter can request an absentee ballot through an agent on Election Day.
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Ohio
Ohio Rev. Code Ann. § 3509.08
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If the voter or the voter's minor child is confined to a hospital because of an unforeseen emergency, then the voter can request an absentee ballot by 3 p.m. on Election Day. The ballot can be delivered in person, by mail, a family member, or by members of both parties.
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Oklahoma
Okla. Stat. tit. 26, § 14-110.1
Okla. Stat. tit. 26, § 14-115.6
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If a voter is physically incapacitated or caring for another that is incapacitated and cannot be left alone, then the voter can request an absentee ballot by mail, fax, electronic communication or by an agent. If a first responder is called away within 10 days of an election, they can request an emergency absentee ballot that must be returned by 7 p.m. on Election Day.
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Oregon
Or. Rev. Stat. § 254.465
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All elections are conducted by mail.
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Pennsylvania
Pa. Stat. tit. 25, § 3146.2a
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If a voter learns they cannot go to the polls between the Tuesday and Friday prior to the election for medical or business reasons, they are entitled to an absentee ballot. If a voter learns they cannot go to the polls after 5 p.m. on the Friday prior to the election due to illness or business reasons, the voter can appeal to the court of common pleas for an emergency absentee ballot, which may be delivered by an authorized representative or deputy sheriff.
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Rhode Island
R.I. Gen. Laws § 17-20-2.2
R.I. Gen. Laws § 17-20-2
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The deadline to request an absentee ballot, with a valid excuse is the 21st day before the election. After the deadline, a voter who is incapacitated to the extent that it would be an undue hardship to vote at the polls or who is not able to vote at his or her polling place on the day of the election is entitled to an emergency ballot.
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South Carolina
S.C. Code Ann. § 7-15-330
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Absentee ballot requests for qualified voters must be received by 5 p.m. on the 11th day before the election. If a person is admitted to a hospital on the day of an election or within the four-day period before the election, an immediate family member may complete an absentee ballot application, receive the ballot, deliver it personally to the patient and personally carry the ballot back to election officials.
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South Dakota
S.D. Codified Laws § 12-19-2.1
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If a voter is confined because of sickness or disability, they can request an absentee ballot via application by a certified messenger until 3 p.m. on the day of the election.
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Tennessee
Tenn. Code Ann. § 2-6-401
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A voter can request an absentee ballot if they are hospitalized within 20 days of the election, delivered by "emergency registrars." A voter can vote in-person absentee between five days and one day before the election if there is a death in the family or they receive a subpoena requiring their absence on Election Day.
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Texas
Tex. Elec. Code § 102.001
Tex. Elec. Code § 103.001
Tex. Elec. Code § 106.002
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A voter can request a late ballot if they have a sickness or injury on or after the last day to request a ballot by mail. A voter can request a late ballot if they have a death in the family on or after the last day to request a ballot by mail. A voter may vote by electronic transmission if they are on a space flight.
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Utah
Utah Code Ann. § 20A-3a-301
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A voter that is hospitalized after the deadline for applying for an absentee ballot may obtain an absentee ballot on Election Day via a third party.
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Vermont
Vt. Stat. Ann. tit. 17, § 2531
Vt. Stat. Ann. tit. 17, § 2538
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All voters receive mail ballots for general elections. If an absentee voter needs their ballot delivered, then two justices of the peace (one from each party) will deliver a ballot to the voter.
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Virginia
Va. Code Ann. § 24.2-705
Va. Code Ann. § 24.2-700
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A voter that is incapacitated due to illness or death of an immediate family member after the seventh day preceding an election can request an emergency absentee ballot before 2 p.m. on the day before the election.
If a person learns they will be absent on Election Day after noon on the Saturday before an election due to business, hospitalization of themselves or immediate family, or the death of an immediate family member, then the voter can request an absentee ballot before 2 p.m. on the day before the election. There is not a specific emergency provision for first responders, but they are listed in general absentee and could fall under the business exception for emergency absentee ballots.
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Washington
Wash. Rev. Code § 29A.40.010
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All elections are conducted by mail.
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West Virginia
W. Va. Code § 3-3-1
W. Va. Code § 3-3-5c
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Voters confined to a health care facility or replacing a poll worker on Election Day qualify for an emergency absentee ballot. Upon the request for an emergency absentee ballot, two commissioners (one from each party) can deliver the emergency absentee ballot to a healthcare facility. Qualified first responders may vote by electronic absentee ballot.
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Wisconsin
Wis. Stat. § 6.86
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If a voter is a sequestered juror or hospitalized, then the voter can apply for an absentee ballot by 5 p.m. on Election Day.
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Wyoming
Wyo. Stat. § 22-9-102
Wyo. Stat. § 22-9-105
Wyo. Stat. § 22-2-121(c)
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Any voter can apply for an absentee ballot up until Election Day. The secretary of state can issue a directive so emergency personnel who cannot otherwise vote on Election Day can vote absentee.
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