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State
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Year Enacted
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Location Within Jurisdiction
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Number Required
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Method of Verifying Voter Identity
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Arizona
Ariz. Rev. Stat. §16-411(B)(4)
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2011
HB 2303
2019
SB 1090
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The county board of supervisors and the county recorder establish voting centers at county offices or other locations in the county deemed appropriate.
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Not specified.
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A voter must show acceptable identification.
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Arkansas
Ark. Stat. Ann.
§7-1-113
§7-5-101
(e)(1)(A)
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2013
HB 1875
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Not specified, but locations must have a secure electronic connection that prevents unauthorized access to the computerized registration book.
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A county board of election commissioners may establish 1 or more vote centers.
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The vote center shall have a secure electronic connection to prevent an elector from voting more than once.
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California
West's Ann. Cal. Elec. Code § 4005
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2017
SB 117
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Equitably distributed across the county so as to afford maximally convenient options for voters and at accessible locations near to public transportation routes. When locating vote centers election officials must also consider a variety of factors outlined in § 4005(10)(B).
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1 vote center for every 50,000 registered voters from 10 days before until 4 days before the election. 1 vote center for every 10,000 registered voters in the three days before the election through election day.
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Vote centers must have an electronic mechanism for county election officials to immediately access voter registration data and determine whether or not the voter has been issued a vote by mail ballot, and whether or not a ballot has been received by the election officials. The electronic mechanism shall not be connected in any way to the voting system.
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District of Columbia
D.C. Code Ann. § 1-1001.02 (37)
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2023
D.C. Law 24-342
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Centralized polling place at which registered qualified electors may vote, regardless of their address within the District.
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Not specified.
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Not specified.
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Colorado
Colo. Rev. Stat. §1-5-102.9
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2004
SB 153
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Must consider proximity to public transportation and availability of parking; geographic features that affect access and convenience; equitable distribution across county; existence and location of population centers; access for voters with disabilities; use of existing voting locations that serve a significant number of electors; and use of public buildings.
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Counties with 25,000+ active electors: 1 center per 30,000 active electors (at least 1) during early voting; 1 per 15,000 active electors on Election Day (at least 3).
Counties with 10,000 to 25,000 active electors: at least 1 center during early voting and at least 3 centers on Election Day.
Counties with <10,000 active electors: at least 1 center during early voting and on Election Day.
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Each voter service and polling center must provide secure computer access and access to the centralized statewide voter registration system.
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Hawaii
Haw. Rev. Stat. §11-109
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2019 HB 1248 (in effect beginning 2020) |
At the office of the clerk and may be established at additional locations within a county as designated by a clerk to service the particular needs of a county's voters. |
At least one at the office of the clerk, and others as designated by the clerk to service the particular needs of a county's voters. Beginning in 2020 all elections will be conducted by mail and voter service centers are established to receive ballots, provide return identification envelopes, machines for voters with disabilities, and other voting services. |
Not specified. |
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Illinois
10 ILCS 5/11-9
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2022 HB 4838
(pilot project, Champaign County)
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There must be at least one vote center: in each minority-majority county board district (based upon the federal decennial census immediately preceding the election); on a university campus; in the clerk's office or appropriate designation as determined by the clerk; and in every 10 contiguous precincts, regardless of township, where there are no more than 10,000 active voters.
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At least one vote center per political subdivision (excluding townships) with a population of at least 2,500. Additional sites must be added for every 5,000 registered voters in the political subdivision. If a geographical area exists in a county where there is no voting center required based on population within a 7.5 mile radius of a political subdivision, a precinct-based polling location or a vote center must be utilized. The number and placement of multiple vote centers in a political subdivision must include abutting precincts that are in unincorporated areas. |
Not specified. |
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Indiana
Ind. Code §3-11-18.1
Vote Center Information
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2006
HB 1011 (pilot project)
2011
SB 32
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Among other things, the vote center plan must include the total number of centers to be established, the number of voters within the county, the number of precincts whose polls will be located at the vote center and a certification that the center complies with accessibility requirements.
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Counties with 25,000+ active voters: at least 1 center for each 10,000 active voters and a center for any fraction of 10,000 voters.
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Vote centers must have electronic poll books that create a secure electronic connection between the county election board and precinct election officials administering a vote center.
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Iowa
Iowa Code §49.11
§49.21
Iowa Admin. Code 721-21.75(49)
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2008
HF 2620
Note: Vote centers are authorized only for city, school and special elections in Iowa
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Must be in a central location and accessible to persons with disabilities. At least 1 must be located within the boundaries of the political subdivision for which the election is being conducted.
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Not specified. Designated by the county commissioner of elections.
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Voting centers may have paper or electronic registers, but may not have interactive, direct access to the statewide voter registration database. It is a crime of election misconduct in the first degree if a person knowingly votes or attempts to vote at more than one voting center for the same election.
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Kansas
Kan. Stat. Ann. § 25-2701(a)(1)
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2018
SB 130
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At the discretion of the county election officer, all voters within a county may be allowed to vote at any polling location on election day, provided all rules and regulations are followed as established by the secretary of state for such purpose. |
Not specified. |
Not specified. |
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Kentucky
Ken. Rev. Stat. § 117.066
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2021
HB 574
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At any voting location where voters of more than one precinct vote. |
Not specified. |
Separate precinct voter rosters are maintained for each precinct.
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Nevada
Nev. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 293.3072
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2019
AB 345
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At the discretion of county clerks. |
A county clerk may establish one or more locations. |
County clerks shall determine if a person is registered to vote in the county and has not already voted, instruct the voter to sign the roster or a signature card, and verify the signature of the voter. If the signature of the voter does not match, the voter must be identified by providing relevant personal data or proof of identification. |
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New Mexico
N. M. Stat. Ann. §1-3-4
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2011
SB 337
2019
HB 407
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Any voter of the county may vote on a regular ballot at any voter convenience center in the county, which must be accessible and centrally located within a consolidated precinct. The board of county commissioners shall give due consideration to input received from any local public body in the county regarding the location.
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One voter convenience center within each consolidated precinct, which shall be a consolidated precinct made of no more than 10 precincts. The county clerk may maintain any alternate voting locations or mobile alternative voting locations previously used in the same election.
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Each consolidated precinct polling location shall have a broadband internet connection and real-time access to the statewide voter registration electronic management system.
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North Dakota
N.D. Cent. Code §16.1-04-02
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2007
HB 1378
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Accessible to the elderly and physically disabled. Must serve as a designated polling place for at least one precinct in the county in addition to serving as the site where any county voter may cast a ballot.
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Not specified.
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Not specified.
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South Dakota
S.D. Codified Laws §12-14-17
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2012
SB 58
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Not specified.
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Not specified.
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Secure, encrypted electronic poll books shall be used in lieu of paper registration books.
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Tennessee Tenn. Code Ann. §2-3-301 to §2-3-308
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2008
HB 3687
(pilot project for some municipalities)
2011
HB 1268
(pilot project expanded to additional municipalities)
2017
SB 2101
(pilot project expanded to some counties)
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Locations must consider
the density of the county population, the geographic dividers, and all other facts and circumstances that exist within the county.
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1 for every 10,000 registered voters, but at least 2 in the county.
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Each center must have a secure electronic connection to the computerized voter registration system permitting all voting information processed by any computer at a convenient voting center to be immediately accessible to all other computers at all convenient voting centers in the county. The secure electronic connection shall be sufficient to prevent any voter from voting more than once and to prevent unauthorized access to the computerized voter registration system.
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Texas
Tex. Election Code §43.007
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2009
HB 719
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Counties must adopt a methodology for determining where each vote center (known in Texas as a countywide polling place) will be located and solicit input from organizations who represent minority voters during this process.
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The total number of countywide polling places may not be less than 50% the number of precinct polling places that would otherwise be located in that county; or 65% of the number of total precinct polling places in the first year in which the county participates in the program. The total number of permanent branch and temporary branch polling places open for voting in a county commissioners precinct does not exceed more than twice the number of permanent branch and temporary branch polling places in another county commissioners precinct.
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Countywide polling places require a computerized voter registration list that allows an election officer at the polling place to verify that a voter has not previously voted in the election.
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Utah
Utah Code Ann. §20A-3-701 to §20A-3-703
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2011
HB 130
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Must be located in a government building or office (unless there is none available) that can be scheduled for use during election day voter hours, has the physical facilities necessary to accommodate election day voting requirements, has adequate space and has adequate security, public accessibility and parking.
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Not specified.
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A voting center ballot must be capable of being retrieved by the election official during the canvass if the voter cast a ballot at another location or before election day.
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Washington
RCW 29A.40.160
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2011 |
Voting centers shall be located in public buildings or buildings that are leased by a public entity including, but not limited to, libraries. |
Not specified. |
The county auditor shall require any person desiring to vote at a voting center to either sign a ballot declaration or provide identification. |
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Wyoming
Wyo. Stat. § 22-1-102
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2015
SF 52
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Not specified.
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Not specified.
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Vote centers must be connected through secure internet connections to provide voting information to and receive voting information from the electronic poll book maintained by the county clerk.
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