This report summarizes NCSL's advocacy activities on issue priorities for the first session of the 107th Congress. It includes brief bill and regulation descriptions, summaries of their potential impact on states and NCSL's position and action taken.
MAJOR VICTORIES FOR STATES IN 2001.
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ISSUE |
BILLS/REGULATIONS |
STATUS |
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AIR-21; STATE AIRPORT IMPROVEMENT GRANTS |
The President's FY2002 budget and H.R 2299 (P.L107-87). H.R 2299, the congressional budget resolution and the president's budget provide guaranteed funding for AIR-21 aviation programs. The state airport improvement grant program is increased 3% over FY2001. |
NCSL supported funding levels as guaranteed in AIR-21. H.R.2299, H.Con.Res 83 (the '02 budget resolution) and the president's budget all supported guaranteed funding levels. NCSL urged full funding in a February 8 letter to the president. H.R.2229 provides guaranteed funding for state airport improvement grants for FY2002, a 3% increase for the program. |
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BROWNFIELDS |
H.R.2869 (P.L.107-). Increases authorized funding for assessment and cleanup grants by $250 million annually. Provides Superfund liability relief to property owners and devolves additional authority for brownfields cleanups to the states. Restricts EPA intervention in state-approved cleanups. |
NCSL supported brownfields legislation in several communications to and testimony before the Congress. NCSL sought even more strict "finality" provisions (regarding EPA intervention in state approved cleanups) than enacted. H.R.2869 passed both houses in December, 2001. Signed into law on January 11, 2002. |
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BUSINESS ACTIVITY TAXES |
S. 288, S.664, S.1567. S.288 and S.664 would severely limit a state's ability to impose and collect business income or activity taxes on out of state businesses using current nexus standards. This legislation would cost states approximately $10-$12 billion a year. S.1567 provides a sense of the Senate to have congress address nexus standards for state business activity taxes. |
NCSL's Task Force on State and Local Taxation of Telecommunications and Electronic Commerce will review the need to address nexus standards for business activity taxes in the new economy. Pending completion of the review by the Task Force, NCSL opposed any Congressional efforts to impose federal nexus standards. NCSL resisted attempts to restrict state imposition of business taxes during consideration of electronic commerce and Internet tax moratorium extension legislation. |
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CHILD CARE AND DEVELOPMENT BLOCK GRANT |
H.Con.Res 83 and the president's FY2002 budget, S.1536, H.R.3061. H.Con.Res 83 and the president's budget provide $2.2 billion for FY 2002, a 10 percent increase over FY2001, but $400 million of the proposed funding is earmarked for after-school care certificates. S.1536 and H.R.3061 provides $2.1 billion without earmarks. |
NCSL supported CCDBG increases and opposed earmarks of CCDBG funds generally, regardless of their merit, because they compromise state flexibility and reduce funding for a program's original purpose. H.R.3061 provides a $150 million or 6% increase without earmarks. Signed into law on January 10, 2002. |
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CLEAN WATER STATE REVOLVING FUND |
H.Con. Res. 83 and the president's FY2002 budget. Proposes a 37 % reduction in funding, from $1.3 billion (FY2001) to $850 million. H.R. 2620 (P.L.107-73) provides $1.3 billion for the revolving fund for FY2002. |
NCSL supported funding, per May and June, 2001 letters, at the $1.3 billion level as states continue to capitalize their revolving loan funds. H.R.2620 provides $1.3 billion, level funding, for FY2002. |
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COLLECTIVE BARGAINING |
H.R. 3061. A Senate amendment to H.R. 3061, an appropriations bill, would set federal collective bargaining standards for various state and local public safety and emergency workers. It would preempt any existing state or local collective bargaining agreement not meeting federal standards. |
NCSL opposed this amendment in a November 6 letter. The amendment essentially failed when a Senate floor vote to limit debate on it fell four votes short of passage. |
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CRIMINAL ALIEN ASSISTANCE PROGRAM (SCAAP) |
H.R.2500 (P.L.107-87). Provides states with funding to offset costs of incarcerating criminal aliens. The legislation contains $565 million, $300 million more than that sought by the administration and the Senate. |
NCSL supported H.R. 2500 because it funds a greater portion of known state costs for criminal alien incarceration. NCSL letter sent July 24. The conference agreement on H.R.2500 gives SCAAP $565 million for FY2002. |
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DRINKING WATER STATE REVOLVING FUND |
H.R. 2620 (P.L.107-73) and the president's FY2002 budget. H.R.2620 includes a 3% increase. The president's budget recommended $823 million, the same amount as appropriated for FY2001. |
NCSL supported funding, per May and June, 2001 letters, at no less than the FY2001 amount as states continue to use these appropriations to capitalize their loan programs. H.R.2620 provides $850 million, a 3% increase. |
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EDUCATION REFORM |
H.R. 1 (P.L. 107-110) and the president's February, 2002 outline. Would collapse several federal programs into 3-5 block grants, require annual testing of children in grades 3-8, increase the Reading First initiative, enhance funding for classroom technology and permit children in failing public schools to transfer to other public or charter schools. |
In a March 12 letter, NCSL urged Congress and the president to consolidate similarly focused programs. The letter also urged congress to direct federal education dollars to states for accountability purposes, include a school construction program that respects state constitutional authority over education policy, give states adequate time to implement any significant federal accountability requirements and resist unfunded mandates regarding public school attendance. NCSL sent a letter to conferees on September 26 objecting to nine testing, annual progress, data collection and other preemption/unfunded mandate matters in both bills. H.R.1 signed into law on January 8, 2002. |
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ELECTRONIC COMMERCE -INTERNET TAX MORATORIUM |
S. 245, S. 288, S. 777, S. 1567 would make the moratorium on state and local taxes on Internet access permanent and repeal the grandfather clause which protects the eleven states that were taxing Internet access in 1998.
H.R. 1552 (P.L.107-75) extends the moratorium on Internet access and new, multiple and discriminatory taxes for two years (November 1, 2003) and preserves the grandfather clause. The original federal moratorium on Internet access taxes expired on October 21, 2001. |
NCSL has opposed a permanent extension of the moratorium on state and local taxes on Internet access because Congress has failed to adequately define what Internet access means in a world of technology convergence and merging telecommunications industries. An early attempt to add an amendment to the Tax Relief Act to make the moratorium permanent was defeated in the Senate 88-11. NCSL was instrumental in facilitating the various industry groups to support compromise legislation extending the moratorium for two years and retaining the grandfather clause. H.R. 1552 was enacted with NCSL's support. |
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ELECTRONIC COMMERCE - SALES TAX COLLECTION |
S. 512 and H.R. 1410 would grant states that simplify the authority to require all remote sellers to collect a state's sales and use taxes when at least 20 states had simplified their sales and use tax collection system. The legislation for the most part adopts the outline of NCSL's endorsed streamlined sales tax system and provides for the collection of the actual applicable state and local sales tax for each jurisdiction. S.1567 grants collection authority after 20 states has simplified, requires one-rate per state, establishes federal simplification standards and includes business activity tax language. |
In the 106th Congress, NCSL opposed similar legislation because it mandated one sales tax rate per state for remote commerce. In order to obtain NCSL's endorsement in the 107th Congress, the sponsors accepted NCSL's language to collect the actual applicable state and local sales tax rate. NCSL supported this legislation. However, NCSL notified the sponsors that should the legislation be amended to go back to one sales tax rate, specify the extent of sales tax simplification or require states to address other tax issues such as nexus standards for business activity taxes or reform of telecommunications taxes, NCSL would vigorously oppose such a "compromise."
After it became apparent that the Congress would only consider such legislation with a number of other unaccaptable federal conditions on state sales tax policy, NCSL was instrumental in forging an alliance of competing interests to support legislation giving the states sufficient time to finalize a sales tax simplification plan.
NCSL supported H.R.1552 (see Electronic Commerce-Internet Tax Moratorium). |
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ENERGY APPROPRIATIONS |
H.R. 2311 (P.L.107-66) and H.R.2217 (P.L.107-63). Provides funding for Energy/Water and Interior for FY2002. Includes increases for state weatherization grants and state energy grants, keeps funding for renewable energy programs at FY2001 levels and boosts funding for environmental cleanup and energy efficiency R&D. The administration recommended increases for weatherization and state energy grants and decreases for the others. |
NCSL supported enhanced funding for weatherization and state energy grants, energy efficiency R&D, environmental cleanup and renewable energy programs. The conference agreement on H.R.2217 increases weatherization assistance by 50% ($230 million total) and state energy grants 18% ($45 million total). H.R. 2311 provides a 6% boost for renewable energy programs and $7.1 billion for environmental cleanup. |
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ESTATE TAX |
H.R. 1836 (P.L.107-16). Incrementally repeals the federal estate tax over a 10-year period and repeals the state death tax credit in 2005. State death tax revenues are reduced 25% in FY2002, 50% in FY2003 and 75% in FY 2004. |
NCSL took no position on the general tax reconciliation provisions, but did call for proportionate and equal reductions of both the federal estate tax and the state death tax credit. The law is estimated to cost states $65-$100 billion in future revenues (state death tax credits repealed within four years while the federal tax continues to 2011. |
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LEGAL IMMIGRANTS - BENEFITS RESTORATION |
H.Con.Res 83 and the president's FY2002 budget. Neither provides any funds for restoration of food benefits to qualified legal immigrants, thus maintaining a five-year old cost shift to the states. Neither permits states to expand Medicaid or SCHIP to legal immigrant children and pregnant women. |
NCSL supports restoration of food benefits to legal immigrants and also seeks optional authority for states to provide Medicaid and SCHIP to legal immigrants. NCSL's position was communicated to the president in a February 26 letter. The conference agreement on H.Con.Res. 83 was silent on restored food or optional health benefits for legal immigrants. |
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LIHEAP (LOW INCOME HOME ENERGY ASSISTANCE PROGRAM) |
H.R.3061 (107-) and the president's FY2002 budget. The FY2002 budget resolution and the president's budget recommend funding at $1.4 billion., the same as FY2001. H.R.3061, S.1536 fund LIHEAP at $1.7 billion (plus $300 million in emergency assistance).
H.R.2216 (P.L.107-20) provides $300 million in supplemental FY2001 LIHEAP funds. |
NCSL supported funding levels up to $3.4 billion for LIHEAP. H.R. 3061 contains $1.7 billion, a 21% increase plus $300 million in emergency assistance. Signed into law on January 10, 2002.
NCSL supported the $300 million supplemental appropriation for LIHEAP in a June 20, 2001 letter. These funds have yet to be released by the administration. |
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MEDICAID - FAMILY OPPORTUNITY ACT |
H.Con.Res.83; S.321; H.R.600. The FY2002 budget resolution sets aside $7.9 billion over 10 years to implement S.321 and H.R.600., legislation giving states the option of expanding Medicaid for children with special needs. Families with disabled children could buy in to Medicaid coverage. |
NCSL supported legislation giving states the option of expanding Medicaid coverage. The conference agreement on H.Con.Res 83 includes $7.9 billion for states opting to expand Medicaid for children with special needs through a Medicaid buy-in mechanism. No funding for this legislation provided for FY2002 and no legislation was considered. |
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MEDICAID - FLEXIBILITY |
H.Con.Res.83. The Senate version of the FY2002 budget resolution contains $28 billion over three years to expand health insurance coverage to the uninsured through options and state flexibility. |
NCSL supported state flexibility and Medicaid options such as those included in the conference agreement on H.Con.Res.83. No funding to expand health insurance coverage included in FY2002 appropriations bills. |
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MEDICAID - MANAGED CARE |
HHS final rule. This regulation implements the Medicaid Managed Care provisions of the 1997 Balanced Budget Act. |
NCSL supported revisions to the rule to provide flexibility to state Medicaid programs. NCSL also supported a delay in implementation of rule pending action on patients' bill of rights (pbr) legislation - legislation that would apply pbr standards to Medicaid. |
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MEDICAID - PSYCHIATRIC RESIDENTIAL TREATMENT FACILITIES |
An HHS interim final rule establishes Medicaid standards for the use of seclusion and restraint on individuals under 21 years of age who reside in inpatient psychiatric institutions (specifically includes institutions that are not hospitals). |
NCSL supported revisions to the rule to address concerns expressed by some states with small residential facilities. |
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MEDICAL RECORDS PRIVACY |
On April 12, President Bush let stand a final rule completed in the final weeks of the Clinton administration and required by HIPAA. The rule would protect health information originating from oral, written and electronic records. Health information is barred from use by ERISA plan employers for employment decisions. |
NCSL encouraged preservation of state privacy protections exceeding those in the federal rule. These protections stand in the final rule. There remain concerns regarding the implementation of the requirements in the new rule. |
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PENSION REFORM |
H.R.10; S.742; H.R. 1836 (P.L.107-16) Enhances portability in public pension plans, allows workers to take their deferred compensation and other savings to new jobs, clarifies tax treatment of benefits and contributions under government deferred compensation plans, and increases contribution limits for individual retirement accounts and pensions contributions. |
NCSL supported both H.R.10 and S.742 and expressed this support in letters to the House, Senate and president in February, March and May. H.R.10 passed the House on May 2. Provisions in H.R. 10 and S.742 folded into H.R. 1836, tax reconciliation legislation. |
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SAFE AND STABLE FAMILIES |
H.R.2873 (107-). Reauthorized the Promoting Safe and Stables Families Act. This mandatory entitlement program received a $200 million authorization increase, but the increase is discretionary, not mandatory. States are given an extra year to use unspent independent living program funds.
H.R.3061 (P.L. 107-),FY2002 appropriations, contains a $70 million or 23% increase. |
NCSL supported H.R.2873, including a $200 million increase in mandatory spending for this program. NCSL sought the same mandatory spending increase in H.R.3061, legislation ultimately boosting program funding by $70 million (23%). H.R.3061 signed into law on January 10, 2002. The president is expected to sign H.R.2873 on January 17. |
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SCHIP - FY 2002 FUNDING |
H.Con.Res.83 and the president's FY2002 budget, H.R.3061 (P.L.107-). All recommended FY2002 funding at $3.1 billion, the authorized level. |
NCSL supported funding at the authorized levels for this state-federal partnership. H.R. 3061 passed both houses in mid-December. Signed into law on January 10, 2002. |
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SCHIP - REGULATIONS |
HHS final rule. Final regulations implementing the SCHIP provisions in the 1997 Balanced Budget Act are effective June 11, 2001. |
NCSL supported revisions to the rule to provide greater flexibility to the states. NCSL further commented on the interim final rule on July 25 commending changes made regarding state flexibility, prior authorization and presumptive eligibility and encouraging further changes to provisions that exceed statutory authority. HHS regulations became effective on August 25, 2001. |
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SCHOOL CONSTRUCTION |
Various bills introduced; also H.R. 1836 (P.L. 107-16) tax reconciliation legislation. Most would either initiate grant programs, make tax changes or institute tax credits, lift arbitrage restrictions, relax private activity bond restrictions, establish revolving funds or school construction banks for purposes of new construction and/or repair. |
NCSL supported a multi-faceted approach including the establishment of a state revolving loan fund, lifting of arbitrage restrictions on school bonds and expanding the definition of private activity bonds to include school facilities. NCSL support is conditioned on recognition of state constitutional primacy regarding education matters and that any new budget or tax credit authority be left with state legislatures. The conference agreement on H.R. 1836 relaxes private activity bond restrictions and lifts arbitrage restrictions for school construction purposes, both supported by NCSL. |
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SOCIAL SERVICES BLOCK GRANT |
H.Con.Res 83; the president's FY2002 budget; H.R.956; S.550, H.R.3061 (P.L.107-), S.1536. The Senate version of H.Con.Res. 83, H.R. 956 and S.550 recommend SSBG funding at $2.38 billion, the amount set in the 1996 federal welfare reform agreement. The president's FY2002 budget reduces SSBG funding by 1%. H.R.3061 funds SSBG at $1.7 billion. |
NCSL has supported the federal welfare reform agreement and its recommended SSBG funding level of $2.38 billion. That amount was included in the Senate's budget resolution through an amendment made by Senator Bob Graham (D-Florida). NCSL has written both the Congress and the president several times in support of full SSBG funding. H.R. 3061 passed both houses at $1.7 billion, a 1% decrease. H.R.3061 also preserves a 10% transfer of TANF to SSBG. Signed into law on January 10, 2002. |
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SPECIAL EDUCATION |
H.Con.Res 83; the president's FY2002 budget, H.R.1 (P.L107-110), S.1., H.R.3061, All would increase annual funding for Part B of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). The Senate version of H.Con.Res 83 adds $70 billion over 10 years for IDEA while the President's budget adds $1 billion for FY2002. S. 1 recommends federal funding of 40 percent of Part B expenditures achieved incrementally through $2 billion per year increases. H.R.3061increases IDEA funding by $896 million or 12%. |
NCSL continued to demand that the federal government honor its commitment to fund 40% (currently around 15%) of the Average Per Pupil Expenditure for Part B of IDEA (various letters sent in February, March and April). The conference agreement on H.Con.Res. 83 in conference committee assumes a $1 billion increase in funding for IDEA. S.1 includes a sense of the Senate to support 40% funding. Conference committee efforts to guarantee mandatory spending for IDEA failed on H.R. 1. H.R.3061 contains a 12% or $896 million increase for IDEA part B. The President signed H.R.1 on January 8, 2002. |
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STATE BANK EXAM FEES |
The president's FY2002 budget. Would impose a new fee on federally conducted examinations of state-chartered banks, while exempting national banks from the same. |
NCSL opposed this recommendation in an April 4 letter to the Senate. Both the House and Senate versions of H.Con.Res 83, the FY2002 budget resolution, rejected the president's recommendation. While NCSL was successful for the eighth time in defeating this proposal, it is expected to be part of a legislative package reforming the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation to be introduced in 2002. |
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TEMPORARY ASSISTANCE FOR NEEDY FAMILIES (TANF) BLOCK GRANT |
H.Con.Res 83, the president's FY2002 budget, H.R.3061 (P.L.107-), S.1536. Would fully fund TANF at the authorized levels. H.R.3061 restores TANF transferability to SSBG at 10% S.1536 suggests 5.9%transferability. Current law is 4.5% transferability. |
NCSL supported full continued funding of TANF and 10% transferability and communicated that in letters to the president in February. On May 25, NCSL wrote Congress urging rejection of any proposals to earmark or set aside TANF funds for specific purposes compromising state program flexibility. H.R.3061 contains full funding for TANF, the 10% transferability sought by NCSL and no earmarks. Signed into law on January 10, 2002. |
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TANF - SUPPLEMENTAL GRANTS |
H.Con.Res.83 and the president's FY2002 budget, H.R.3061 (P.L.107-), S.942. H.Con.Res. 83 supports continuation of this program for one year at a cost of $319 million. S.942 reauthorizes the program for one year at $319 million. |
NCSL supported the continuation of funding for TANF supplemental grants. Letters of support were sent several times. The conference agreement on H.Con.Res.83 included $319 million for TANF supplemental grants for FY2002. However, conferees on H.R. 3061 provided no funding for this program for FY2002. |
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TEA-21 TRANSPORTATION FUNDING |
H.R. 2299 (P.L.107-87), H.Con.Res.83 and the president's FY2002 budget. All would fund highway, mass transit and highway safety programs at the levels guaranteed in TEA-21 legislation. This represents a 7% increase. |
NCSL supported full funding of transportation programs at levels guaranteed in TEA-21 legislation. This was communicated to the president and congressional leaders in February letters. H.R.2299 provides full guaranteed funding for TEA-21, or a 7% increase. However, $650 million of $4.5 billion in excess trust fund revenues (RABA) were diverted away from the state highway program to special projects. |
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TOBACCO - GRAY MARKET |
The U.S. Treasury Department has issued a proposed rule, per 2000 federal legislation, that prohibits tobacco products labeled for exportation from domestic sale subsequent to reimportation unless they are removed from their export packaging and repackaged. |
NCSL and states had until May 25, 2001 to comment. |