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Single Subject?
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Other Subject Restrictions
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Alaska
Const. Art. XI, §7
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Yes
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- May not dedicate revenues
- May not make or repeal appropriations.
- No acts affecting the judiciary.
- No local or special legislation.
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Arizona
Const. Art. IX, §23
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Yes
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If an initiative requires a reduction in government revenue or a reallocation from currently-funded programs, the initiative text must identify the program or programs whose funding must be reduced or eliminated to implement the initiative.
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Arkansas
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None
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California
Const. Art. II, §8
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Yes
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May not include or exclude any political subdivision of the State from application or effect.
May not contain alternative or cumulative provisions wherein one or more of those provisions would become law depending upon the casting of a specified percentage of votes for or against the measure.
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Colorado
Const. Art. V, §1(5.5)
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Yes
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None
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Florida
Const. Art. XI, §3
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Yes
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Measures that propose a tax or fee not in place in November 1994 require a 2/3 vote to pass
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Idaho
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None
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Illinois
Const. Art. XIV, §.
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Allowed only for amendment of constitutional Article IV, relating to structural and procedural subjects concerning the legislative branch.
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Maine
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Any measure providing for an expenditure of funds in excess of those appropriated becomes inoperative 45 days after the legislature convenes.
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Massachusetts
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No*
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No measures relating to
- Religion
- The judiciary
- Specific appropriations
- Local or special legislation
- The 18th amendment of the constitution
- Anything inconsistent with the rights of individuals as enumerated in the constitution.
A measure cannot be, either affirmatively or negatively, substantially the same as any measure which has been qualified for submission or submitted to the people at either of the two preceding biennial state elections.
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Michigan
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The initiative power extends only to laws which the legislature may enact.
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Mississippi
Const. Art. 15, §273(5)
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The initiative cannot be used to:
- Repeal/modify the state's Bill of Rights
- amend/repeal provisions relating to the state's public employees' retirement system
- amend/repeal right-to-work provision
- modify the initiative process.
Only first 5 certified measures may go on ballot.
If a measure is rejected by voters, no identical or substantially similar measure may go on ballot for a min. 2 years.
If an initiative requires a reduction in government revenue or a reallocation from currently-funded programs, the initiative text must identify the program or programs whose funding must be reduced or eliminated to implement the initiative.
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Missouri
Const. Art. III, §50 and §51
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Yes
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No appropriations of money other than new revenues created and provided for by the initiative.
Cannot be used for any purpose prohibited by the state's constitution.
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Montana
Const. Art. III, §4(1)
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Yes
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No appropriations.
No local or special laws.
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Nebraska
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Yes
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Limited to matters that can be enacted by legislation. No measures that interfere with the legislature’s ability to direct taxation of necessary revenues for the state and its governmental subdivisions
The same measure cannot be initiated more often than once in three years.
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Nevada
NRS §295.009
Const. Art. 16 §6
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Yes
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No appropriations.
Cannot require an expenditure of money unless a sufficient tax is provided as part of the initiative proposal.
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North Dakota
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No emergency measures.
No appropriation measures for the support and maintenance of state departments and institutions.
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Ohio
ORC §3519.01
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Yes
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May not be used to pass a law
- authorizing any classification of property for the purpose of levying different rates of taxation thereon
- authorizing the levy of any single tax on land or land values or land sites at a higher rate or by a different rule than is or may be applied to improvements thereon or to personal property.
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Oklahoma
Const. Art. V §6
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Yes
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Initiatives rejected by the voters cannot be proposed again for three years by less than 25 percent of the state's legal voters.
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Oregon
Const. Art. IV, §1(d)
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Yes
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South Dakota
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No private or special laws
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Utah
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Yes
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A measure that fails to pass cannot be resubmitted for two years.
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Washington
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Yes
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Wyoming
Const. Art. 3 §52(d) and (g)
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Yes
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Cannot be used:
- to dedicate revenues
- to make or repeal appropriations
- to create courts
- to define the jurisdiction of courts
- to prescribe court rules
- to enact local or special legislation, or
- to enact legislation prohibited by the Wyoming constitution.
The same measure cannot be initiated more often than once in five years.
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